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International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The results revealed that parents namely, TSK-10, TSK-27, New Blue-II, Kurara and TSK-109 were fo... more The results revealed that parents namely, TSK-10, TSK-27, New Blue-II, Kurara and TSK-109 were found highly genetic diverse for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, days to 755 dry husk. The parents namely, TSK-109, Kurara, New Blue-II and TSK-10 were found highly genetic diverse for plant height (cm), cob height, number of cobs per plant and number of grains per cob. The parents namely, Kurara, TSK-109, TSK-10, New Blue-II and TSK-27 were found highly genetic diverse for shelling percentage, grain yield per plant, grain yield per cob and 100-grain weight. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Kumar, A., Tomar, A. (2020) Selection of best lines and hybrids on the basis of genetic variability analysis in Maize (Zea mays

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

An experiment conducted to evaluate the influence of different organic manure on soil properties ... more An experiment conducted to evaluate the influence of different organic manure on soil properties under glasshouse and open field condition at Khumaltar, Lalitpur during 2017-2018 showed insignificant results on major soil properties by the application of different organic manure under open and protected environmental condition at varying sampling days. The experiment was laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and six treatments viz. Vermicompost (VC) @ 10:1 gkg-1 of soil (T1), FYM @ 10:1 gkg-1 of soil (T2), Poultry Manure (PM) @ 10:1 gkg-1 of soil (T3), Safal Kishan (SK) @ 10:1 gkg-1 of soil (T4), Nepalese Organic Fertilizer (NOF) @ 10:1 gkg-1 of soil (T5) and Control (T6). Application of poultry manure and Safal kisan under glasshouse condition recorded higher organic matter (6.40 %) at 90 days and application of poultry manure under open condition at 30 days recorded higher total Nitrogen Content (0.53%). Application of vermicompost and poultry manure under open condition at 60 days have highest available Phosphorous content (381 kgha-1), whereas application of poultry manure under open condition at 60 days was observed having highest available potassium content (782 kgha-1) in the soil.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Plant nutrition balance plays a major role in the universal need to increase food production to m... more Plant nutrition balance plays a major role in the universal need to increase food production to meet the demands of the growing world population. Fertilizer application resulted in marked crop yield increases, which for most crops were more than hundred. The extent to which fertilizers are used still differs considerably between various regions of the world. Soil nutrient status is widely constrained by the limited use of inorganic and organic fertilizers and by nutrient loss mainly due to erosion and leaching. Many small holder farmers do not have access to synthetic fertilizer because of high price of fertilizers, lack of credit facilities, poor distribution, and other socioeconomic factors. Consequently, crop yields are low, in fact decreasing in many areas, and the sustainability of the current farming system is at risk. Therefore, the aim of this review was to review the role of integrated Plant nutrition balance management for improving crop yield and enhancing soil fertility under small holder farmers in dry areas, and recommend the appropriate approaches for enhancing soil fertility and increasing crop yield for small holder farmers in dry and semi-dry areas. These are the key challenges of adoption in the scaling up of such alternative soil fertility management practices to millions of small-scale farmers. There is a need, therefore, for research and extension to sort out issues of adoption and scaling up of the available options. In order to address soil fertility problems, potential synergies can be gained by combining technical options with farmers' knowledge as well as training of farmers and development agent on new soil fertility management approaches. So, the results of this review showed that, the integrated application of organic and inorganic fertilizers improve productivity of crops as well as the fertility status of the soil. The reasons for this are many, which include access or availability of inputs, use of organic resources for other purposes in place of soil fertility, nutrient balancing, collecting, transporting and management of organic inputs and economic returns of investments.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

A field experiment conducted for screened 288 germplasm of linseed against bud fly infestation at... more A field experiment conducted for screened 288 germplasm of linseed against bud fly infestation at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh during rabi season to study the historical basis of resistance of linseed against bud fly. The results indicated that the sepal thickness negative highly significant relationship (r=-0.7224) with bud infestation. The resistant germplasm line maximum sepal thickness (0.49 mm) had relative minimum bud infestation (6.88%) and was statically at par other resistant germplasm lines viz. A-95B, CI-1385, EC-1392, EC-1424, GS-234, IC-15888 and JRF-5. While minimum sepal thickness (0.24 mm) with maximum bud infestation (65.11%) which was statically at par with other susceptible lines viz. Ajgan-3-1, Ajgan-20M, Alipur (Hamirpur), Anand, GS-148, GS-440, Gunawal Local, NP (RR) 193, RAULD-7810, RLC-28 (PM), MS-14, SJKO-2, SJKO-45. The genotypes with minimum thickness of sepal suffered maximum bud infestation as compared to those with maximum sepal thickness.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

A field experiment was carried out during the early summer seasons of 2018, at Turmeric (Curcuma ... more A field experiment was carried out during the early summer seasons of 2018, at Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a high value spice crop of high medicinal and economic concern (HVAP, 2011). It has been using in Ayurveda and medicinal propose from centuries which helps to boost up digestive system, circulatory system, nervous system and immune system (Gunnar, 2018). 60 household respondents were selected using simple random technique without replacement from Beriganga Municipality, Barahataal Village Municipality and Chaukune village Municipality. 4 cooperatives were selected from each level randomly and 5 respondent from each cooperatives , i.e. 20 respondents from each local level. 3 spice industries and 7 traders were selected purposively. Secondary data were collected from secondary sources like PMAMP, journal articles, MoAD etc. Descriptive statistics, benefit cost analysis, value chain analysis were carried out. The study reveals that 81.67% of populations were engaged in agriculture occupation as a primary source of income. The BC ratio of fresh, dry and powder turmeric was found to be 1.30, 1.09 and 1.36 (machinery), 1.16 (Dhiki Jhato) respectively. Similarly the cost of production of fresh dry and powder turmeric was found to be NRs. 18.46, NRs. 119.20 and NRs. 162.92 (machinery), NRs. 189.87 (Dhiki Jhato) respectively. Market margin of fresh, dry and powder turmeric was found to be NRs. 6.03, NRs. 25.07 and NRs. 179.70 respectively. In the study area major value chain actors were providers, producers, collectors, processors, wholesalers, retailers and consumers. Insufficient technical support and improved seed rhizome, insufficient price to cover cost of production and traders dominance in pricing were the major problems faced by turmeric producing community. This study suggests the farmers for seed production, value addition, marketing and distribution in farm level.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

A field experiment was carried out during the early summer seasons of 2018, at Agricultural Resea... more A field experiment was carried out during the early summer seasons of 2018, at Agricultural Research Centre (ARC) Giza, Egypt. This study aims to examine the effect of three tillage treatments under three different moisture contents on some soil properties and on maize crop production. The experiments included three moisture contents of (MC1, 27.2 %), (MC2, 15.4 %) and (MC3, 7.2 %); as well as three tillage treatments, no-tillage control (NT), minimum tillage (MT) and conventional tillage (CT). The experimental was laid out in split-split plot design with four replications. The results showed that, there was significant effect of tillage at different moisture levels on soil physical and chemical properties. It was also indicated that the effect of tillage practices was significantly on soil bulk density, total porosity, hydraulic conductivity and moisture constants, where the conventional tillage at soil moisture level 15.4% (MC2) helped in improving soil bulk density, hydraulic conductivity and total porosity. Soil organic C, cations exchange capacity CEC, available N, P and K were improved in the soil surface layer of NT and decreased with depth. Clod mean weight diameter of soil was improved with 15.4-% of soil moisture content regardless of tillage depth and enhanced root proliferation by increasing density roots compared with minimum and no tillage in maize plant. The grain yields of maize were improving more under conventional tillage at moisture content 15.4% compared with other treatments. It was found that plant height and roots value increased by using conventional tillage compared with other tillage treatments.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Oilseed crops occupy a major role in our farming system after food grains. India owns a prominent... more Oilseed crops occupy a major role in our farming system after food grains. India owns a prominent position in the production of mustard all over the world. As the research works proceed it becomes important to understand various scopes in late sown Indian mustard Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss., there appears a great possibility of proving integrated nutrient management in Mustard -a boon. Different modules incorporating integrated nutrient management practices in mustard have been studied compiled and are summarized in this paper. The integrated effect of FYM, compost, vermicompost, manures, PSB, Azotobacter, Sulphur etc are studied in various research work done previously and all of them strictly recommended that for better quality and good grain and oil production in mustard INM is significantly beneficial than normal farmers practice and results in significant increase in growth characters, high yield, better oil quality, increase in nutrient content and uptake which leads to higher income of farmers through mustard. Higher Cost: Benefit ratio of mustard has increased the farmer’s interest and area of production in various parts of country. Irrespective of the poor soil conditions or other adverse effects, whenever INM was adopted in a trial it always enhanced the physical and chemical properties of soil, improves soil health, as well as significant increase in growth and yield attributes were observed. Better nutrient content and uptake due to INM leads to good quality oil and protein production in mustard. Application of recommended dose of fertilizers spikes the NPK uptake of the plants and good residual effect leads to favourable conditions and fertilizer substitution for succeeding crop.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The present study was undertaken to know the effect of common mixed pulp and paper mill effluent ... more The present study was undertaken to know the effect of common mixed pulp and paper mill effluent discharge released from century pulp and paper mill Lalkuan, Nainital Uttarakhand on the blood morphology of Heteropneustes fossilis (Singhi). The various morphological changes were observed in the specimen, randomly collected with the help of cast net from (3 sites) different locations. The maximum changes were observed in the specimen collected from site 3 in compare to site 1 and 2 respectively. The formation of inclusion bodies, sickle cells, Cabot rings and ovalocytes were recorded along with nuclear fusion, membrane disruption and cell clumping of blood cells in the specimen collected from the site 3 (i.e. nearer to source of discharge) while in the specimen collected from site 2, the formation of tear drop cell, target cells, spherocytes and bi-nucleated cells were recorded along with the activity of cell clumping. The changes were found less in the specimen collected from site 1 in compare to the specimen of site 2 and 3 i.e. formation of ovalocytes, spherocytes and microcytes with the activity of membrane degeneration and agglutination in blood cells.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The SSNM is need-based feeding of crops with nutrients in right source, right rate, right time an... more The SSNM is need-based feeding of crops with nutrients in right source, right rate, right time and right place while, recognizing the inherent spatial variability which enhances crop productivity, profitability, NUE and avoids nutrient wastage. This paper deals with the SSNM technologies approaches and tools which are able to enhance NUE, crop productivity and profitability in wheat crop. The SSNM caters to help in improving NUE as it provides an approach for feeding crops like rice, maize and wheat, etc with nutrients as and when needed. It is based on the concept when and how much to feed. The main benefit for farmers from improved nutrient management strategy is an increase in the profitability and reducing the cost and environmental threats. The SSNM reduces the wastage of fertilizers by preventing excessive use of fertilizers and avoiding fertilizer application when the crop does not require nutrient inputs. It also assures that N, P and K are applied in that ratio required by the intended crop. It aims to achieve high yield and high efficiency of nutrient use, leading to high cash value of the harvest per unit of fertilizer invested. Results from three years data from 2014 to 2016, 173 on-farm sites in four districts of Bihar showed that NE significantly increased wheat yields and economic returns compared to the generalized Farmers' Fertilization Practice (FFP). NE's impact on fertilizer use in wheat shifted K application upwards while also minute upwards N and P application rates. The study used recent advances in information and communication technology (ICT) and computer based application of "Nutrient Expert for Wheat, Maize and Rice", which transform the science of SSNM into guidelines matching the field-specific needs and conditions of a farmer. Across all sites, NE wheat increased to yield and economic benefit (i.e. gross return above fertilizer costs) over FFP. Recommendations from NE wheat also increased yield (by .63 t/ha) over FFP with large increase in fertilizer K (+50.88 kg K20/ha) and N and P fertilizer was minute increase N (+ 4.32 Kg N/ha) and P (+ 6.21 Kg P2o5/ha). Result revealed that nutrient expert application significantly increase higher grain yields over farmer fertilizer practice (FFP). Average wheat grain yield in NE practice was 45.32 Kg ha-1, which was 13.9% more than the Farmer Fertilizer Practices, with NE recorded an additional net income of Rs.8434 ha-1 over FFP respectively.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Sesame is one of the important oilseed crops in India. The major constraint of its low productivi... more Sesame is one of the important oilseed crops in India. The major constraint of its low productivity is non-adoption of improved technologies by the farmers. Cluster Frontline demonstrations to highlight the impact of different improved technologies like method of sowing, nutrient management, weed management and adoption of whole package of practices of improved technologies for the crop were conducted at 125 farmers' fields during Kharif 2017 and 2020 under rainfed conditions. The improved technologies improved the yield attributing traits as well as seed yield of the crop. The improved technology recorded a mean yield of 476 kg/ha which was 44.68% higher than that obtained with farmer's practice yield of 329 kg/ha. Higher mean net returns of 33,363/ha with a benefit: cost ratio of 3.28 was obtained with improved technologies in comparison to farmer's practice (mean net returns of 18,222/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 2.25).

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Gravity dam is one of the biggest structures built on the Earth. It is known as a life line struc... more Gravity dam is one of the biggest structures built on the Earth. It is known as a life line structure, as it serves the purpose of irrigation, hydro-electric power generation, flood control, domestic and industrial water supply etc., which are important for human existence. This makes dam as a reliable structure. For this reason, dam should always be designed for highest safety. Dam is one of the hydraulic structures constructed to serve particular functions. It is a water control feature to impound water supply, to divert water from a water course, or to raise the elevation for water body. In supplying the water to the consumers, a dam holds it from flowing into the pipe, tunnel and conduit. Earth fill dams are a good alternative to dugouts where larger volumes of water must be stored at a reasonable cost and suitable site conditions exist. Proper design and construction is essential for dams; otherwise they will fail from washouts or seepage losses. If water quantity is your main priority, then a dam could be the best option. If better water quality is the important factor, a dugout is probably a better option. Take the time to properly plan, construct, inspect and maintain your dam, and it will be a valuable water resource for your farm for many years to come. However, poor management of dams can cause problems and disasters in terms of safety of dam and how it affects the people and the environment. This study focuses for conducts how the design, operator and maintenance of dam to be ensure it is safety.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The quality parameters of irrigation water in some minor lift irrigation schemes on Bhor nallah, ... more The quality parameters of irrigation water in some minor lift irrigation schemes on Bhor nallah, Chatha farm at Gidergalion were evaluated and their impacts on soil characteristics in the fringe areas of Ranvir canal and non command were studied. Irrigation water samples at monthly intervals were collected and analyzed for pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Hazards (MH) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) by following standard methods. The soil samples from the concern command and adjoining areas (non command) were also collected and analyzed for important physico chemical properties and available nutrients as per standard procedures. Results revealed that majority of water samples collected from minor lift irrigation schemes on Bhor and Balal nallahs containing municipal/industrial waste was under high salinity-low SAR category, whereas water samples of Ranbir Canal at Gidergalian falls under medium salinity-low SAR. The soil characteristics viz. pH, EC, OC and available N, P and K were higher in command soils of Bhor and Chatha as compared to non command soils of Gidergalian and Dharap.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The present study on extent of adoption of chilli growers was conducted in Damoh district of Madh... more The present study on extent of adoption of chilli growers was conducted in Damoh district of Madhya Pradesh covering one block. A total of 120 respondents were selected by simple random sampling method from six randomly selected villages. Pre-tested well structured interview schedule was used for collecting the relevant information's. The study inferred that majority of the respondents were of middle aged, belonged to medium size of family, other backward class, illiterate, having low annual income between Rs. 35,001 to 60,000,no membership in any organization indicating poor social participation and farming (chilli cultivation) as the main occupation. Most of the respondents were having medium level of knowledge have medium level of adoption. It was found that villagers do not get other vegetable for their commercial income, through chilli they at least filling this gap of income, although they are producing chilli at low level. Majority of the respondents reported that reasons of adoption of this crop due to chilli needs, less hard work with high benefits and income and it is good for soil also.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

In-situ trash management is necessary to cut the atmosphere pollution as well as replenishment of... more In-situ trash management is necessary to cut the atmosphere pollution as well as replenishment of plant nutrient. Burning of crop residues leads to release of soot particles and smoke causing human and animal health problems. It also leads to emission of greenhouse gases namely carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, causing global warming and loss of plant nutrients like N, P, K and S. Soils of the world's agro ecosystems (i.e., croplands, grazing lands, rangelands) are depleted of their soil organic carbon (SOC) stock by 25-75% depending on climate, soil type, historic management and the magnitude of this loss may be 10 to 50 Mg C ha-1. Integrated sugarcane trash management (ISTM), microbial enriched (Trichoderma viridae) and farm yard manure is effective in enhancing the soil health and sugarcane yield. Soil organic carbon is the most important attribute and chosen as the most important indicator of soil and environment quality and agricultural sustainability. In-situ trash management induced sustainability of soil health to produce the qualitative products, International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 5(2): 249-254.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Field experiments were conducted to Influence of different levels of nitrogen and Azospirillum in... more Field experiments were conducted to Influence of different levels of nitrogen and Azospirillum inoculation on direct-seeded rice in a Vertisol, during kharif season of 2015 at Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, JNKVV, Jabalpur. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications and 8 treatments namely (unfertilized+uninoculated (UFUI), recommended dose of nitrogen 50%+uninoculated (RDN50%+UI), RDN75%+UI, RDN100%+UI, UF+Azospirillum (UF+Azosp.,), RDN50%+Azosp., RDN75%+Azosp and RDN100%+Azosp.,). It was observed that significant improvement was noticed in yield attributes and soil properties. The response from the treatment of RDN100% +Azosp., was found statistically best to increase available nitrogen (N) content in soil at 45 DAS and at harvest of the crop by 29% and 27%, respectively and N content in the plant, grain and straw by 46%, 50% and 55%, respectively over the control of UFUI. Similarly, trend was significantly enhanced total N uptake by crop with 129% over the control of UFUI. While, same treatment combination increasing azospiral population in rhizospheric soil at 45 DAS, 65 DAS and at harvest by 2.28, 2.07 and 2.05 log folds, respectively over the control of UFUI and enhanced yield attributes and yields of grain and straw of rice with 113 and 58%, respectively over the control of UFUI. While the treatment RDN100%+Azosp., exhibited numerically higher values but was statistically at par to RDN75%+Azosp.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The results were indicated that, out of sixty crosses, the most desirable five crosses showing hi... more The results were indicated that, out of sixty crosses, the most desirable five crosses showing high significant positive heterosis over better parent for grain yield per plant were IR 79156A X NDR 370132 (72.19%), IR 68888A X NDR 370132 (66.69%), IR 68897A X NDR 370131 (43.33%), IR 58025A X CR 2499 (40.71%) and IR 79156A X NDR 2701 (35.80%). Eighteen crosses showed positive and significant heterosis over standard variety and the best five crosses among them were IR 58025A X NDR 1127 (20.78%), IR 79156A X IR 27723 (14.87%), IR 68888A X IR 27723 (14.81%), IR 58025A X Sugandha 5 (12.84%) and IR 68897A X NDR 2701 (12.46%). The cross, IR 58025A X NDR 1127, showed highest mean performance (28.70g), heterobeltiosis (22.48%) and standard heterosis (20.78%) for grain yield per plant while highest yielding parent, NDR-359, produced mean grain yield 23.78 g. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Kumar, S., Chauhan, M. P., Tomar, A. (2020) Selection of best gene pool combination of the basis of heterotic response analysis for grain yield and its contributing traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.), International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 5(2): 233-241.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The concept of a green economy has gained currency in recent years as a paradigm for promoting ec... more The concept of a green economy has gained currency in recent years as a paradigm for promoting economic growth and increased well-being while protecting the environment and contributing to poverty alleviation. There is no common definition of green economy, but the term clearly emphasizes the economic dimension of sustainability. Not only do the environmental (stewardship) and economic (growth) dimensions coexist in the green economy, but they are also complementary and mutually reinforcing strategies to achieve development. Water scarcity, pollution, and other water related environmental and ecological problems have been increasing rapidly in many areas of the world. Water demand management or making better use of the water we have as opposed to augmenting supply is increasingly proposed as a way of mitigating water scarcity problems. Although the achievements of irrigation in ensuring food security and improving rural welfare have been impressive, past experience also indicates problems and failures of irrigated agriculture. In addition to large water use and low efficiency, environmental concerns are usually considered the most significant problem of the irrigation sector. Environmental problems include excessive water depletion, water quality reduction, water logging and salinization. In some basins (water resources), excessive diversion of river water for irrigation (and other uses) has brought environmental and ecological disasters to downstream areas, and groundwater pumping at unsustainable rates has contributed to the lowering of groundwater tables and to salt water intrusion in some coastal areas. Many water quality problems have also been created or aggravated by changes in stream flows associated with agriculture's consumptive uses. Moving water away from agriculture to uses with higher economic value is one of the main measures widely seen as desirable. This apparent misallocation is often attributed to the failure of government to allocate water rationally. This paper focuses on achieving a sustainable balance between irrigation management and sustainable development and water investments.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2013 to study response of clusterbean va... more A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2013 to study response of clusterbean varieties to fertility levels and agro-chemicals at SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner. The experiment consisted of two varieties (RGC-1038 and RGC-1066), three treatments of fertility levels (control, 50% RDF and 100% RDF) and three treatments of agro-chemicals (control, thiourea 500 ppm twice at vegetative and pre flowering stage and thiourea 100 ppm twice at vegetative and pre flowering stage) thereby making eighteen treatment combinations tested in randomized block design with three replications. The results indicated that RGC 1066 variety recorded significantly higher plant height 60 DAS and at harvest and dry matter per meter row length at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of pods/plant and seeds/pod, test weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield as compared to variety of RGC-1038. The result further indicated that application of fertilized 100% RDF significantly gave higher plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest similarly, dry matter per meter row length at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of pods/plant and seeds/pod, test weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield recorded higher over control and fertilized with 50% RDF. Likewise, application of agro-chemical @ thiourea (500 ppm) significantly increased the plant height at 60 DAS and at harvest and dry matter per meter row length at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest, number of pods/plant and seeds/pod, test weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield and remained at par with the application of agro-chemical @ TGA (100 ppm) over control. However, plant height at 30 DAS remained materially unchanged under different varieties, fertility levels and agro-chemicals.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Integrated crop management strategy is inadequate without involvement of indigenous knowledge. In... more Integrated crop management strategy is inadequate without involvement of indigenous knowledge. Indigenous Technical Knowledge based on local knowledge of environment, natural resources and peoples' experience accumulated over many years. Further, the traditional technologies are eco-friendly because of being free from use of chemicals. North Eastern states are the sleeping giants and considered as store house of indigenous knowledge base due to presence of many different tribes which may be helpful in utilizing their practices for sustainable development of the rural areas without hampering the ecological pursuits of the region. The horticulture is one of the important enterprises of the north eastern hill region people and their management practices are ancient, indigenous and traditional in nature. Therefore, it is important to explore the indigenous knowledge base associated with the horticultural enterprise in the north eastern region for sustainable development. Keeping the above consideration in view, the present study is conducted to document the utilization of Indigenous knowledge system by farmers in the production of horticultural enterprise in North Lakhimpur district of Assam. The participatory methodology was followed to construct and conduct the whole research study. The key informant methods and focus group discussion methods were followed to collect the information.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

The present investigation was carried out at the Research Fields, ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilsee... more The present investigation was carried out at the Research Fields, ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The material for present study consisted of twenty newly developed mono and multi headed restorer lines including CMS lines. The data for agronomic and yield traits i.e. days to 50% flowering, days to physiological maturity, plant height, head diameter, volume weight, 100 seed weight, seed yield per plant oil content and oil yield was recorded. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for almost all characters which favour the selection. Associations among characters especially indicated that among the seven traits studied, seed yield per plant had a highly significant positive association with head diameter and significant negative correlation with days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. The genotypes, COSF-6B, COSF-7B, RGP-11-P1-S2, RGP-58-P4-S1-1 and RGP-46-P3 were identified as the most important genotypes for different traits and should be utilized in heterosis breeding programme to realize high heterosis for yield and yield contributing traits.

International Journal of Agricultural Invention, 2020

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

A field experiment was conducted at during the winter season of 2010-11 so as to study the effect... more A field experiment was conducted at during the winter season of 2010-11 so as to study the effect of spacing and pinching on growth and flowering in African marigold. It can be concluded that wider spacing showed significantly better effect on flower quality and quantity parameters i.e. flower diameter, flower weight, flowers per plant and flower weight per plant, while significantly maximum flower yield (132.93 q/ha) was obtained at the closer spacing. Although, flowering parameters i.e. flower diameter, flower weight, flowers per plant and flowers weight per plant were not significantly affected by spacing and pinching combinations but flowers yield was significantly maximum (224.10 q/ha) under closer with earlier pinching (130 DAT).

Weser Books No 78737, Aussere Webserstr.57 02763 Zittau, Germany e-mail : weserbooks@gmail.com Website : www.weserbooks.com, 2018

The book ‘Advances in Environment and Agriculture biotechnology’ is about recent advances in some... more The book ‘Advances in Environment and Agriculture biotechnology’ is about recent advances in some of the important fields that are ongoing in certain biotechnological applications. Agriculture biotechnology has been quite helpful in keeping pace with the demands of every increasing human population and in improving the quality of human life. The book aims to provide a comprehensive view of advanced environmental approaches for waste water treatment, pesticide degradation, microbial transformation of environmental contaminants, with the advancements in the area of biotechnology. The present book is a collection of literature contributed by experts, scientists, professors, and researchers from all over the world; it mainly emphasizes work of concerned scientist used for enhancement of agricultural production. The book is very useful for researches, teaching post graduate and undergraduate students in universities and other tertiary institution. The book should prove to be valuable resources for plant biotechnologist, biochemist, molecular biologist, pharmocogologist and pharmacist; agronomist, plant breaders and geneticsts; ethonobotanist, ecologist and conservationists. I wish to express our deep sense of gratitude and indebtness to those who helped us directly or indirectly during the preparation of the manuscript of this text. I am thankful to our co editors Dr.Neelesh Kapoor, who are along with me in editing the voluminous treaties. We hope that the book is useful and interesting to readers, teachers and students and would create in them the urge to know more about recent researchers going related to advances in environment and agriculture biotechnology for increasing crop productivity.

Weser Books No 78737, Aussere Webserstr.57 02763 Zittau, Germany e-mail : weserbooks@gmail.com Website : www.weserbooks.com, 2018

This book “Advances in Horticultural Crops” has been design to provide overall understanding of a... more This book “Advances in Horticultural Crops” has been design to provide
overall understanding of all aspects related to the study of horticultural crops. In this book up to date enlarged, comprehensive and advanced book. It cover both the aspects of the subject such as brief and descriptive.This book provides an over view of the concise and clearly expressed principles and practices in horticulture crops. The aim has been to present a complete and modern view of the horticultural sciences. Keeping the aforesaid points of view, I have made an attempt to compile the latest information an all facts and all the facets of horticulture based on my experience in this subject. The literature consulted to compile this book has been duly acknowledge to augment the wider acceptability and full utility of this book some chapters with modifications have been incorporated from literature survey scientists and officials ,who helped me during this period . These might have
been few errors in spite of best efforts made through carefully proof reading. We are especially thankful to everyone who help us for completing this book. We are thankful to our editors who have toiled along with me in editing the voluminous treaties. We hope that the book is useful and interesting to readers, teachers and students and would create in them the urge to know more about recent researchers going related to environment protection. We also thanks International publisher Weser Books, Germany for taking keen interest to
publish the book.

Dr. Joginder Singh

Anu Books H.O. Shivaji Road, Meerut, 0121-2657362 H-48, Green Park Extension, New Delhi-16, 9997847837 Glasgow (UK) +447586513591, 2018

This book “Sustainable Development for Agriculture and Environment” has been design to provide ov... more This book “Sustainable Development for Agriculture and Environment” has been design to provide overall understanding of all aspects related to the study of environment protection for sustainable development. Persistently high levels of hunger and malnutrition – 793 million (2015) chronically hungry people in the world in 2014–2016 and unsustainable human activity on the earth’s carrying capacity present a major challenge for agriculture. To meet the growing food demand of the over nine billion people who will exist by 2050 and the expected dietary changes, agriculture will need to produce 60 percent more food globally in the same period. The goal of sustainable agriculture is to meet society’s food and textile needs in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Practitioners of sustainable agriculture seek to integrate three main objectives into their work: a healthy environment, economic profitability, and social and economic equity. Every person involved in the food system growers, food processors, distributors, retailers, consumers, and waste managers can play a role in ensuring a sustainable agricultural system.There are many practices commonly used by people working in sustainable agriculture and sustainable food systems. Growers may use methods to promote soil health, minimize water use, and lower pollution levels on the farm. Consumers and retailers concerned with sustainability can look for “values-based” foods that are grown using methods promoting farm worker wellbeing, that are environmentally friendly, or that strengthen the local economy. And researchers in sustainable agriculture often cross disciplinary lines with their work: combining biology, economics, engineering, chemistry, community development, and many others. In order to perform a balanced assessment of the progress incurred by agriculture on its path to sustainable development, we must identify and analyze in detail all social, environmental and economic factors characterizing sustainability. This requires identification and monitoring of the factors that influence the sustainable development of agriculture. In order to devise a strategy appropriate for this field, we need know the trend of individual indicators that are specific for the sustainable development of agriculture; these indicators must be carefully analyzed and interpreted in order to draw conclusions regarding the stage and the trends of sustainability in this field of activity.

Kailbri International Educational Trust, 522, Mahagun Villa, Sector 4, Vaishali, Ghaziabad. Ph: 8800688996 307, Eastern Katchery Road, Meerut. 250001 www.kiet.asia, 2018

This book entitle “Advances in Agriculture and Biodiversity” is useful and beneficial to readers,... more This book entitle “Advances in Agriculture and Biodiversity” is useful and beneficial to readers, teachers and students and would create in them the urge to know more about recent researchers going related to Agriculture and biodiversity. Agriculture is one of the key motors of the global economy. It is a source of foods, fibers and, increasingly, fuel. It provides livelihoods and subsistence for the largest number of people worldwide. It is vital to rural development and therefore critical to poverty alleviation. Cultivated land, including arable lands and shifting cultivation, covers approximately 24 percent of the world's land area. Partly or fully irrigated agriculture claims 70 percent of the world's developed fresh water supplies. Today, agriculture accounts for over 38 percent of global employment. The ecosystems of our planet produce a wealth of nourishing food. Vast quantities of grain are harvested from its plain sand steppes, valleys and terraces; while its orchards brim with fruit. Biodiversity is the root of this plenty: the variety of crops and food on which human civilizations have grown and depend is possible because of the tremendous variety of life on Earth. If the Earth’s population is to feed itself in the 21st century and beyond, humankind needs to preserve the biodiversity that grants us our own complex and diverse lives. Biodiversity and the ecosystem services it supports are crucial for successful agriculture. Agriculture relies on biodiversity for pollination, the creation of genetically diverse plant and crop varieties, development of robust, insect or disease-resistant strains, crop protection and watershed control. In short, agriculture has a high level of
dependence on the whole range of ecosystem services.

Agricultural Technology Development Society, 2020

ABSTRACT BOOK OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE GNRSA- 2020