Ian Manion | Childrens Hospital of Eastern Ontario (original) (raw)
Papers by Ian Manion
Pediatric Transplantation, 2005
Abstract: Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) removal has been suggested at 3 months following successful ... more Abstract: Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) removal has been suggested at 3 months following successful renal transplantation (Tx). We noticed a delay in the removal of G-tubes in our pediatric patients following Tx and therefore conducted a cross-sectional single center survey on all renal transplant recipients to assess the causes of delayed G-tube removal. In total, 17 of 23 patients completed the survey, including all patients with G-tubes (n = 10) and seven patients without G-tubes. Median age at Tx of gastrostomy patients was significantly lower than that of patients without a G-tube (median 3.0 yr, range 1.2–4.7 yr vs. median 14 yr, range 6–17 yr, p < 0.0001) and significantly younger than in previous studies on gastrostomies. At the time of the survey, only three of 10 patients had their G-tube removed at 22, 41 and 61 months after Tx at the ages of 3, 5.5 and 9 yr, respectively. The median age at recent follow up of the remaining seven patients was 4.7 yr (range 2.6–8.75 yr). The most important reason for continued use was fluid intake and medication. Results of our survey showed appropriate concern regarding the risk of prolonged use of the gastrostomy. Caregivers felt that benefits of the gastrostomy in the post-transplant period outweighed the risks. Caregivers felt pressured towards removal by the physicians. Our findings support the decision to remove gastrostomies based on individual patient needs and total fluid intake rather than a fixed time following successful Tx.
Fifty-one young people (14-18 years of age) participated in qualitative research on the role of s... more Fifty-one young people (14-18 years of age) participated in qualitative research on the role of spirituality in the promotion of their mental health. Findings suggest that youth conceptualisations of spirituality are diverse and contrast with adult definitions (eg the relative significance of organised religion). Participants perceived spirituality as intrinsically positive and potentially beneficial to their mental health. Perceived risks to mental health related to lack of spirituality or to spiritual extremes. A possible connection between spirituality and identity formation was identified. This study highlights young people's interest in spirituality and their desire for better opportunities for spiritual exploration.
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2005
Over a period of 3 consecutive months, a cross-sectional, descriptive survey was made of the freq... more Over a period of 3 consecutive months, a cross-sectional, descriptive survey was made of the frequency of behavior problems and needs, as reported by their caregivers, of 6-to 18-year-old epileptic children attending two neurology clinics, using the Child Behavior Checklist. Caregivers of 175 children were approached to take part in the study; 158 (90%) completed the Child Behavior Checklist. The mean age of the children was 11.3 (range, 6-18). t scores >70 were obtained for 15.9% of the group for total behavior, 12.7% of the group for internalized behavior and 11.4% of the group for externalized behavior. Compared with those with normal scores, children with elevated t scores were more likely to have learning difficulties and to require the use of more community services.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1988
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 b... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-006X/88/J00.75 Early Intervention for Parents at Risk of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Preliminary Investigation ...
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1988
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 b... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-006X/88/J00.75 Early Intervention for Parents at Risk of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Preliminary Investigation ...
Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 2006
... A report on mental illness in Canada. ... activities suggests that it is structured, rather t... more ... A report on mental illness in Canada. ... activities suggests that it is structured, rather than unstructured, activities which promote positive mental health (Mahoney et ... Health psychology suggests that intrinsic motivating factors may include such things as perception of an activity as ...
Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2010
Study Objective-We evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for pediatric patients with suici... more Study Objective-We evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for pediatric patients with suicide-related emergency department (ED) visits.
Administration and Policy in Mental Health
There is solid evidence for strategies and programs that, if implemented with fidelity in schools... more There is solid evidence for strategies and programs that, if implemented with fidelity in schools, will enhance the mental health of children and youth. These practices are, however, inconsistently applied and rarely evaluated programmatically in every day practice. In recent years, implementation variables that influence uptake have received attention. An emerging area of interest is the role that research partnerships might play in narrowing the gap between science and practice. Drawing on the literature and practice examples, collaborators from the United States and Canada explore the role of partnerships in bringing the worlds of research and practice closer into alignment.
Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 1994
The impact of childhood chronic illness on parents' marital quality has received limited ... more The impact of childhood chronic illness on parents' marital quality has received limited attention. Most studies have relied solely on mothers' reports and have not examined differences between mothers and fathers. Using a case-control design, this study compared the marital quality within and between dyads of 46 couples with children matched on the age and children matched on the age and sex of the child. During a home visit, parents completed both self-report measures and a communication observational task. Mothers' and fathers' reports of marital quality did not differ between the two groups. Also, no significant differences were found on other marital and psychosocial measures. The most interesting correlations were observed for fathers of children with spinal bifida whose marital quality was associated with parenting stress (r = -.51), depression (r = -.34), and role strain (r = -.34). Overall, the results of this study contribute to the growing body of literature demonstrating that parents of children with a chronic condition are at no greater risk for psychosocial dysfunction, including marital distress, than parents of healthy children. However, to generalize the results, additional research on marital quality with other chronic conditions is required.
Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 2009
This article describes recent trends in the province of Ontario (Canada) and beyond that have beg... more This article describes recent trends in the province of Ontario (Canada) and beyond that have begun to create a readiness to bring research to practice in children&#x27;s mental health. The experience of developing innovative cross-sectoral partnerships in Ontario that facilitate the linkage ...
Journal of Evidence-based Social Work, 2012
The availability of knowledge translation strategies that have been empirically studied and prove... more The availability of knowledge translation strategies that have been empirically studied and proven useful is a critical prerequisite to narrowing the research-to-practice gap in child and youth mental health. Through this review the authors sought to determine the current state of scientific knowledge of the effectiveness of knowledge translation approaches in child and youth mental health by conducting a systematic review of the research evidence. The findings and quality of the 12 included studies are discussed. Future work of high methodological quality that explores a broader range of knowledge translation strategies and practitioners to which they are applied and that also attends to implementation process is recommended.
Journal of The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008
Milin and colleagues are to be commended for conducting "the first published prospective study of... more Milin and colleagues are to be commended for conducting "the first published prospective study of cannabis withdrawal in adolescents with cannabis dependence seeking treatment that is not confounded by other co-morbid substance use disorders" 1 (p. 178) . The authors tested two hypotheses: 1) "a withdrawal syndrome with clinically significant and measureable symptoms will follow abrupt cessation of cannabis use;" and 2) "the intensity of the withdrawal syndrome will be dependent on the quantity of cannabis used, frequency of exposure, length of cannabis dependence, and/or age at onset of daily cannabis dependence and mental health status" 1 (p 175) . Results showed that adolescents seeking treatment for cannabis dependence exhibit clinically significant withdrawal symptoms and concluded that cannabis-dependent adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to physiological symptoms that occur with cannabis withdrawal.
Journal of The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008
To prospectively identify and assess withdrawal symptoms in adolescents with cannabis dependence.... more To prospectively identify and assess withdrawal symptoms in adolescents with cannabis dependence. Twenty-one adolescents ages 13 to 19 years voluntarily entering residential and day/outpatient substance abuse programs, with cannabis dependence as their only current substance of dependence, were assessed using the Teen-Addiction Severity Index, Substance Use Survey, Cannabis Withdrawal Scale, and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Childhood Diagnoses Substance Use Disorders Module. Weekly assessments continued for 4 weeks. Thirteen youths attained a minimum of 2 weeks of abstinence. Cannabis withdrawal symptoms were present in adolescents. Cannabis withdrawal was greatest in the first 2 weeks of abstinence with evidence that it continued well into week 3. Most withdrawal symptoms were endorsed with a high degree of frequency. Those symptoms endorsed with the greatest severity were restlessness, appetite change, and thoughts of and cravings for cannabis, with the highest ratings occurring in week 1. Over the course of the study, participants reported fewer symptoms with decreasing levels of severity. Youth ratings of overall severity of withdrawal were significantly and positively correlated with withdrawal symptoms of irritability (r = 0.56), depression (r = 0.56), twitches and shakes (r = 0.57), perspiring (r = 0.57), thoughts of (r = 0.86), and cravings for (r = 0.69) cannabis. Findings support the presence of clinically significant cannabis withdrawal symptoms in adolescents with cannabis dependence seeking substance abuse treatment. This study also provides supporting evidence suggesting a vulnerability of adolescents to physiological cannabis dependence. The study supports the addition of cannabis withdrawal as a distinct entity for inclusion in DSM-V.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 1995
Purpose: This study examined the 6-month prevalence of depression and suicidal probability among ... more Purpose: This study examined the 6-month prevalence of depression and suicidal probability among new referrals to an adolescent health clinic.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1996
Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 2006
... International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6: 17–25. 3. Davidson, S. and Manion, IG 19... more ... International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6: 17–25. 3. Davidson, S. and Manion, IG 1996. ... American Journal of Community Psychology, 25: 115–151. [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [CSA]; 5. Fine, S., Forth, A., Gilbert, M. and Haley, G. 1993. ...
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 2002
Couples with chronically ill children are particularly at risk for experiencing marital distress.... more Couples with chronically ill children are particularly at risk for experiencing marital distress. The study presented here is a 2-year follow-up of a randomized control trial that assessed the efficacy of Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) in decreasing marital distress in a sample of couples with a chronically ill child. Thirteen couples with chronically ill children who received treatment were assessed to determine if the significant improvement in relationship distress observed at posttreatment and 5-month follow-up would be maintained at 2-year follow-up. Results demonstrated that improvements in marital functioning were not only maintained but, in some cases, enhanced at the 2-year follow-up. This uncontrolled follow-up study provides initial evidence of the longer-term benefits of EFT.
Child Abuse & Neglect, 1998
Objective: This study evaluated the emotional and behavioral adjustment of parents and children w... more Objective: This study evaluated the emotional and behavioral adjustment of parents and children within 3 months and 1 year after the discovery of child extrafamilial sexual abuse. Method: Ninety-two case parents (63 mothers, 29 fathers) and 56 children were compared to a nonclinical comparison group of 136 parents (74 mothers, 62 fathers) and 75 children. Parent adjustment was assessed using self-report measures while child functioning was assessed using a combination of child-, parent-and teacher-report measures. Results: Mothers, fathers and sexually abused children experienced clinically significant effects both initially and at 12 months post-disclosure. Children's perceptions of self-blame and guilt for the abuse and the extent of traumatization predicted their self-reported symtomatology at 3 months and 1 year post-disclosure. Child age and gender also significantly contributed to the prediction of many of the child outcome measures. No abuse-related variable was related to any child self-report measure. Mothers' satisfaction in the parenting role, perceived support and intrusive symptoms predicted their initial emotional functioning. Avoidant symptoms, child's internalizing behavior and mothers' initial emotional functioning were significant predictors of longer-term emotional functioning. Conclusions: Results emphasize the need to address children's abuse-related attributions and underscore the need to expand our focus beyond the child victims to the traumatized families.
Pediatric Transplantation, 2005
Abstract: Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) removal has been suggested at 3 months following successful ... more Abstract: Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) removal has been suggested at 3 months following successful renal transplantation (Tx). We noticed a delay in the removal of G-tubes in our pediatric patients following Tx and therefore conducted a cross-sectional single center survey on all renal transplant recipients to assess the causes of delayed G-tube removal. In total, 17 of 23 patients completed the survey, including all patients with G-tubes (n = 10) and seven patients without G-tubes. Median age at Tx of gastrostomy patients was significantly lower than that of patients without a G-tube (median 3.0 yr, range 1.2–4.7 yr vs. median 14 yr, range 6–17 yr, p < 0.0001) and significantly younger than in previous studies on gastrostomies. At the time of the survey, only three of 10 patients had their G-tube removed at 22, 41 and 61 months after Tx at the ages of 3, 5.5 and 9 yr, respectively. The median age at recent follow up of the remaining seven patients was 4.7 yr (range 2.6–8.75 yr). The most important reason for continued use was fluid intake and medication. Results of our survey showed appropriate concern regarding the risk of prolonged use of the gastrostomy. Caregivers felt that benefits of the gastrostomy in the post-transplant period outweighed the risks. Caregivers felt pressured towards removal by the physicians. Our findings support the decision to remove gastrostomies based on individual patient needs and total fluid intake rather than a fixed time following successful Tx.
Fifty-one young people (14-18 years of age) participated in qualitative research on the role of s... more Fifty-one young people (14-18 years of age) participated in qualitative research on the role of spirituality in the promotion of their mental health. Findings suggest that youth conceptualisations of spirituality are diverse and contrast with adult definitions (eg the relative significance of organised religion). Participants perceived spirituality as intrinsically positive and potentially beneficial to their mental health. Perceived risks to mental health related to lack of spirituality or to spiritual extremes. A possible connection between spirituality and identity formation was identified. This study highlights young people's interest in spirituality and their desire for better opportunities for spiritual exploration.
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2005
Over a period of 3 consecutive months, a cross-sectional, descriptive survey was made of the freq... more Over a period of 3 consecutive months, a cross-sectional, descriptive survey was made of the frequency of behavior problems and needs, as reported by their caregivers, of 6-to 18-year-old epileptic children attending two neurology clinics, using the Child Behavior Checklist. Caregivers of 175 children were approached to take part in the study; 158 (90%) completed the Child Behavior Checklist. The mean age of the children was 11.3 (range, 6-18). t scores >70 were obtained for 15.9% of the group for total behavior, 12.7% of the group for internalized behavior and 11.4% of the group for externalized behavior. Compared with those with normal scores, children with elevated t scores were more likely to have learning difficulties and to require the use of more community services.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1988
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 b... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-006X/88/J00.75 Early Intervention for Parents at Risk of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Preliminary Investigation ...
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1988
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 b... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1988, Vol. 56, No. 1,40-47 Copyright 1988 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0022-006X/88/J00.75 Early Intervention for Parents at Risk of Child Abuse and Neglect: A Preliminary Investigation ...
Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 2006
... A report on mental illness in Canada. ... activities suggests that it is structured, rather t... more ... A report on mental illness in Canada. ... activities suggests that it is structured, rather than unstructured, activities which promote positive mental health (Mahoney et ... Health psychology suggests that intrinsic motivating factors may include such things as perception of an activity as ...
Annals of Emergency Medicine, 2010
Study Objective-We evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for pediatric patients with suici... more Study Objective-We evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for pediatric patients with suicide-related emergency department (ED) visits.
Administration and Policy in Mental Health
There is solid evidence for strategies and programs that, if implemented with fidelity in schools... more There is solid evidence for strategies and programs that, if implemented with fidelity in schools, will enhance the mental health of children and youth. These practices are, however, inconsistently applied and rarely evaluated programmatically in every day practice. In recent years, implementation variables that influence uptake have received attention. An emerging area of interest is the role that research partnerships might play in narrowing the gap between science and practice. Drawing on the literature and practice examples, collaborators from the United States and Canada explore the role of partnerships in bringing the worlds of research and practice closer into alignment.
Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 1994
The impact of childhood chronic illness on parents' marital quality has received limited ... more The impact of childhood chronic illness on parents' marital quality has received limited attention. Most studies have relied solely on mothers' reports and have not examined differences between mothers and fathers. Using a case-control design, this study compared the marital quality within and between dyads of 46 couples with children matched on the age and children matched on the age and sex of the child. During a home visit, parents completed both self-report measures and a communication observational task. Mothers' and fathers' reports of marital quality did not differ between the two groups. Also, no significant differences were found on other marital and psychosocial measures. The most interesting correlations were observed for fathers of children with spinal bifida whose marital quality was associated with parenting stress (r = -.51), depression (r = -.34), and role strain (r = -.34). Overall, the results of this study contribute to the growing body of literature demonstrating that parents of children with a chronic condition are at no greater risk for psychosocial dysfunction, including marital distress, than parents of healthy children. However, to generalize the results, additional research on marital quality with other chronic conditions is required.
Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 2009
This article describes recent trends in the province of Ontario (Canada) and beyond that have beg... more This article describes recent trends in the province of Ontario (Canada) and beyond that have begun to create a readiness to bring research to practice in children&#x27;s mental health. The experience of developing innovative cross-sectoral partnerships in Ontario that facilitate the linkage ...
Journal of Evidence-based Social Work, 2012
The availability of knowledge translation strategies that have been empirically studied and prove... more The availability of knowledge translation strategies that have been empirically studied and proven useful is a critical prerequisite to narrowing the research-to-practice gap in child and youth mental health. Through this review the authors sought to determine the current state of scientific knowledge of the effectiveness of knowledge translation approaches in child and youth mental health by conducting a systematic review of the research evidence. The findings and quality of the 12 included studies are discussed. Future work of high methodological quality that explores a broader range of knowledge translation strategies and practitioners to which they are applied and that also attends to implementation process is recommended.
Journal of The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008
Milin and colleagues are to be commended for conducting "the first published prospective study of... more Milin and colleagues are to be commended for conducting "the first published prospective study of cannabis withdrawal in adolescents with cannabis dependence seeking treatment that is not confounded by other co-morbid substance use disorders" 1 (p. 178) . The authors tested two hypotheses: 1) "a withdrawal syndrome with clinically significant and measureable symptoms will follow abrupt cessation of cannabis use;" and 2) "the intensity of the withdrawal syndrome will be dependent on the quantity of cannabis used, frequency of exposure, length of cannabis dependence, and/or age at onset of daily cannabis dependence and mental health status" 1 (p 175) . Results showed that adolescents seeking treatment for cannabis dependence exhibit clinically significant withdrawal symptoms and concluded that cannabis-dependent adolescents may be particularly vulnerable to physiological symptoms that occur with cannabis withdrawal.
Journal of The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008
To prospectively identify and assess withdrawal symptoms in adolescents with cannabis dependence.... more To prospectively identify and assess withdrawal symptoms in adolescents with cannabis dependence. Twenty-one adolescents ages 13 to 19 years voluntarily entering residential and day/outpatient substance abuse programs, with cannabis dependence as their only current substance of dependence, were assessed using the Teen-Addiction Severity Index, Substance Use Survey, Cannabis Withdrawal Scale, and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Childhood Diagnoses Substance Use Disorders Module. Weekly assessments continued for 4 weeks. Thirteen youths attained a minimum of 2 weeks of abstinence. Cannabis withdrawal symptoms were present in adolescents. Cannabis withdrawal was greatest in the first 2 weeks of abstinence with evidence that it continued well into week 3. Most withdrawal symptoms were endorsed with a high degree of frequency. Those symptoms endorsed with the greatest severity were restlessness, appetite change, and thoughts of and cravings for cannabis, with the highest ratings occurring in week 1. Over the course of the study, participants reported fewer symptoms with decreasing levels of severity. Youth ratings of overall severity of withdrawal were significantly and positively correlated with withdrawal symptoms of irritability (r = 0.56), depression (r = 0.56), twitches and shakes (r = 0.57), perspiring (r = 0.57), thoughts of (r = 0.86), and cravings for (r = 0.69) cannabis. Findings support the presence of clinically significant cannabis withdrawal symptoms in adolescents with cannabis dependence seeking substance abuse treatment. This study also provides supporting evidence suggesting a vulnerability of adolescents to physiological cannabis dependence. The study supports the addition of cannabis withdrawal as a distinct entity for inclusion in DSM-V.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 1995
Purpose: This study examined the 6-month prevalence of depression and suicidal probability among ... more Purpose: This study examined the 6-month prevalence of depression and suicidal probability among new referrals to an adolescent health clinic.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1996
Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 2006
... International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6: 17–25. 3. Davidson, S. and Manion, IG 19... more ... International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, 6: 17–25. 3. Davidson, S. and Manion, IG 1996. ... American Journal of Community Psychology, 25: 115–151. [CrossRef], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], [CSA]; 5. Fine, S., Forth, A., Gilbert, M. and Haley, G. 1993. ...
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 2002
Couples with chronically ill children are particularly at risk for experiencing marital distress.... more Couples with chronically ill children are particularly at risk for experiencing marital distress. The study presented here is a 2-year follow-up of a randomized control trial that assessed the efficacy of Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) in decreasing marital distress in a sample of couples with a chronically ill child. Thirteen couples with chronically ill children who received treatment were assessed to determine if the significant improvement in relationship distress observed at posttreatment and 5-month follow-up would be maintained at 2-year follow-up. Results demonstrated that improvements in marital functioning were not only maintained but, in some cases, enhanced at the 2-year follow-up. This uncontrolled follow-up study provides initial evidence of the longer-term benefits of EFT.
Child Abuse & Neglect, 1998
Objective: This study evaluated the emotional and behavioral adjustment of parents and children w... more Objective: This study evaluated the emotional and behavioral adjustment of parents and children within 3 months and 1 year after the discovery of child extrafamilial sexual abuse. Method: Ninety-two case parents (63 mothers, 29 fathers) and 56 children were compared to a nonclinical comparison group of 136 parents (74 mothers, 62 fathers) and 75 children. Parent adjustment was assessed using self-report measures while child functioning was assessed using a combination of child-, parent-and teacher-report measures. Results: Mothers, fathers and sexually abused children experienced clinically significant effects both initially and at 12 months post-disclosure. Children's perceptions of self-blame and guilt for the abuse and the extent of traumatization predicted their self-reported symtomatology at 3 months and 1 year post-disclosure. Child age and gender also significantly contributed to the prediction of many of the child outcome measures. No abuse-related variable was related to any child self-report measure. Mothers' satisfaction in the parenting role, perceived support and intrusive symptoms predicted their initial emotional functioning. Avoidant symptoms, child's internalizing behavior and mothers' initial emotional functioning were significant predictors of longer-term emotional functioning. Conclusions: Results emphasize the need to address children's abuse-related attributions and underscore the need to expand our focus beyond the child victims to the traumatized families.