Mohammad Jamal Uddin | University of Chittagong (original) (raw)
Papers by Mohammad Jamal Uddin
International Journal of Pharmacy, 2015
Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of d... more Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of diarrhea in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of KRP, it was administered chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days. All throughout the experimental period the KRP treated animals were always maintaining decrease in body weight in the overall body weight study compare to their control counterpart. There were a statistically significant (p=0.013) decrease in the absolute weight of rat heart and a statistically highly significant (p=0.009) decrease in the relative percent weight of the heart. There were a statistically highly significant decrease in the absolute weight of the liver (p=0.002) and the relative percent weight of the liver (p=0.005). Also there was a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the organ water content of the liver. There was a statistically highly significant (p=0.004) decrease in the absolute weight of the rat kidney but a statistically significant (p=0.015) decrease was noticed in relative percent weight of the rat kidney. There were a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the absolute weight of spleen relative percent weight of spleen.
ABSTRACT Brucella spp. are small, non-motile Gram-negative coccobacilli known to cause disease in... more ABSTRACT Brucella spp. are small, non-motile Gram-negative coccobacilli known to cause disease in a number of vertebrate species including humans and brucellosis is one of the world's major zoonoses, alongside bovine tuberculosis and rabies. There are about 33.55 million goats and 1.16 million sheep in Bangladesh. The sheep and goats can significantly play an important role in the economic well being of the resource-poor farmer in Bangladesh. Sexually matured 362 female small ruminants(300 goats and 62 sheep) were examined. Approximately 3-5 ml of blood was collected from the jugular vein of each animal and sera samples were prepared. Samples were then tested for brucellosis by using Rose Bengal test(RBT), plate agglutination test(PAT) and tube agglutination test(TAT). Among 362 small ruminants, irrespective of species(sheep or goat), diagnosed highest in TAT, 2.21%(n=8) and lowest both by RBT & PAT, 1.93%(n=7) and it is concluded that TAT is superior than RBT and PAT.
Bangladesh Journal of Child Health
Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by fever, neutr... more Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by fever, neutrophilia, raised and painful plaques on the skin of the face, neck, limbs, and histologically by dermal infiltration of neutrophils. Here, we present a ten-year-old boy who presented with fever and multiple skin lesions for 15 days. On examination, he was febrile and presented with multiple nodular, tender, erythematous rash on face and limbs. Laboratory findings revealed raised inflammatory markers with neutrophilic leukocytosis, skin biopsy showed hyperkeratosis and neutrophilic infiltration of the dermis. Typical history, laboratory investigations including skin biopsy findings were suggestive of diagnosis of SS. Prolonged fever and characteristics skin lesions in any child should be suspected for this rare syndrome. It should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in the day-today clinical practice for effective management of this rare disease. BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL...
Naradiya Laksmivilasa Rasa (NMB) is a classical Ayurvedic formulation markedly used in the treatm... more Naradiya Laksmivilasa Rasa (NMB) is a classical Ayurvedic formulation markedly used in the treatment of sinusitis, chronic skin diseases, diabetes, fistula, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, ascites, headache,..
Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2021
Mullerian anomalies cannot always be defined in one or the other class, as described by the Ameri... more Mullerian anomalies cannot always be defined in one or the other class, as described by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine. One such unclassified anomaly incidentally found in a infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome, was difficult to diagnose with existing imaging modalities. The final diagnosis was not made until after the surgeries including diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.
Advances in Infectious Diseases, 2021
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020
Background Enteric fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income cou... more Background Enteric fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we analyzed Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) data to estimate the burden of enteric fever hospitalization among children aged <15 years and identify risk factors for hospitalization in Bangladesh. Methods SEAP used hospital surveillance paired with a community-based health-care utilization assessment. In SEAP hospital surveillance, blood was obtained for culture from children aged <15 years with ≥3 days of fever. In the hospital catchment area, a health-care utilization survey (HCUS) was conducted to estimate the proportion of febrile children hospitalized at the study hospitals. We analyzed hospital surveillance and HCUS data to estimate the health care–adjusted incidence of enteric fever hospitalization, and conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions. Results From July 2017 through June 2019, 2243 laboratory-confirmed enteric f...
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2019
Background. Typhoid and paratyphoid remain the most common bloodstream infections in many resourc... more Background. Typhoid and paratyphoid remain the most common bloodstream infections in many resource-poor settings. The World Health Organization recommends typhoid conjugate vaccines for country-specific introduction, but questions regarding typhoid and paratyphoid epidemiology persist, especially regarding their severity in young children. Methods. We conducted enteric fever surveillance in Bangladesh from 2004 through 2016 in the inpatient departments of 2 pediatric hospitals and the outpatient departments of 1 pediatric hospital and 1 private consultation clinic. Blood cultures were conducted at the discretion of the treating physicians; cases of culture-confirmed typhoid/paratyphoid were included. Hospitalizations and durations of hospitalizations were used as proxies for severity in children <12 years old. Results. We identified 7072 typhoid and 1810 paratyphoid culture-confirmed cases. There was no increasing trend in the proportion of paratyphoid over the 13 years. The median age in the typhoid cases was 60 months, and 15% of the cases occurred in children <24 months old. The median age of the paratyphoid cases was significantly higher, at 90 months (P < .001); 9.4% were in children <24 months old. The proportion of children (<12 years old) hospitalized with typhoid and paratyphoid (32% and 21%, respectively) decreased with age; there was no significant difference in durations of hospitalizations between age groups. However, children with typhoid were hospitalized for longer than those with paratyphoid. Conclusions. Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are common in Dhaka, including among children under 2 years old, who have equivalent disease severity as older children. Early immunization with typhoid conjugate vaccines could avert substantial morbidity, but broader efforts are required to reduce the paratyphoid burden.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017
Lack of surveillance systems and accurate data impede evidence-based decisions on treatment and p... more Lack of surveillance systems and accurate data impede evidence-based decisions on treatment and prevention of enteric fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi. The WHO coordinates a global Invasive Bacterial-Vaccine Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) surveillance network but does not monitor enteric fever. We evaluated the feasibility and sustainability of integrating enteric fever surveillance into the ongoing IB-VPD platform. The IB-VPD surveillance system uses WHO definitions to enroll 2-59 month children hospitalized with possible pneumonia, sepsis or meningitis. We expanded this surveillance system to additionally capture suspect enteric fever cases during 2012-2016, in two WHO sentinel hospitals of Bangladesh, by adding inclusion criteria of fever ≥102°F for ≥3 days, irrespective of other manifestations. Culture-positive enteric fever cases from in-patient departments (IPD) detected in the hospital laboratories but missed by the expanded surveillance, were also enrolled to asses...
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal, 2016
Background: Pemphigus vulgaris is associated with high morbidity as well as significant mortality... more Background: Pemphigus vulgaris is associated with high morbidity as well as significant mortality rate. Today the risk of death in pemphigus from the side effect of oral prednisolone is greater than risk of death from the disease itself. Objective: To observe the adverse effects of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Methods: An interventional study was carried out in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total number of patients was thirty and among them fifteen patients were treated with parenteral dexamethasone (Group-A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (Group-B). Results: The study showed statistically significant differences of skin lesion as well as mucosal lesion of pemphigus after 6 weeks of therapy between of two groups (P<0.05). The most common adverse effects were increased body weight(40%), increased appetite(40%),...
International Journal of Pharmacy
Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of d... more Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of diarrhea in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of KRP, it was administered chronically to the male SpragueDawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days. All throughout the experimental period the KRP treated animals were always maintaining decrease in body weight in the overall body weight study compare to their control counterpart. There were a statistically significant (p=0.013) decrease in the absolute weight of rat heart and a statistically highly significant (p=0.009) decrease in the relative percent weight of the heart. There were a statistically highly significant decrease in the absolute weight of the liver (p=0.002) and the relative percent weight of the liver (p=0.005). Also there was a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the organ water content of the liver. There was a statistically highly significant (p=0.004) decrease i...
ABSTRACT Rohitakarista (RHT) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the tr... more ABSTRACT Rohitakarista (RHT) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of splenomegaly. To find out the effect of chronic administration of RHT on serum blood chemistry profile, it was administered chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 ml/kg for 28 days. In this study, the albumin content was decreased (9.17 %) in RHT treated male rats and it was statistically significant (p=0.047), the globulin content was highly significantly (p=0.012) increased (53.10 %) as a result the decrease (43.18%) in the Albumin / Globulin (A/G) ratio was statistically highly significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.005). There were a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (23.97%) and BUN/Creatinine ratio (21.62 %). It was observed that there was a 15.0% decrease in serum uric acid content of RHT treated male rats in comparison to their control male rats which was also statistically significant (p=0.049).
This study was conducted to analyze the short and long run price performance of IPOs in Banglades... more This study was conducted to analyze the short and long run price performance of IPOs in Bangladesh. Based on a sample of 163 IPOs that were issued during the period between 1992 and 2006, this study documents short run out-performance and long run underperformance of IPOs in the secondary market. The short run out-performance of IPOs peaks in the first month of trading in the secondary market. In the long run IPOs under perform the industry and the market in general. But the underperformance to industry is much severe than underperformance to market. Further analyses reveal that the long run underperformance is much higher for IPOs issued in few years, particularly the hot issue periods. IPOs belonging to Leather, Engineering, Paper, Ceramic and Food industries underperform their respective industry and the market severely in the long run. On the other hand, IPOs belonging to Banking and Non-bank Financial Institutions industries outperformed the industry and the market significantly.
ABSTRACT Nowadays both part-time as well as regular employees are working in many organizations o... more ABSTRACT Nowadays both part-time as well as regular employees are working in many organizations of Bangladesh. Though many studies have been conducted to know the motivation status of regular employees but no study is found that addressed motivations status of both regular and part-time employees of Bangladesh. Thus, this study is conducted on 300 regular and part-time employees of Bangladesh to know the most motivating factors of both regular and part-time employees. Respondents were asked to identify and rank ten motivation factors in the order of their magnitude. The findings reveal that good salary, job security, good working condition and interesting work are the most important motivating factors for the regular employees, whereas; flexibility of work, interesting work, good salary and good work environment are the most important motivating factor for part-time employees, because most of the part-time employees working in different organizations are either students or regular employees of other organizations. The findings of the study can be useful for managers and human resource (HR) professionals for motivating regular employees as well as part-time employees and thereby achieving the goals of organization more effectively and efficiently. INTRODUCTION The success of organizations greatly depends on the effectiveness of the human capital (Hashim, 2009; Khan and Taher, 2009). It is widely recognized that motivation is a very important factor which ensures the best effort from the human resources (Ather et al., 2011). Therefore, work motivation is one of the key concerns of today's managers. However, because of a complexity in the nature of human behavior, motivation is not easy to understand and to use. Despite many studies on that topic manager today are no closer to understand employees' motivation than their counterparts more than a half of century ago. Although, some of research suggested that money is not as important as it seemed to be, many companies tried to implement monetary incentives as their main tool to motivate their employees. Performance related pay became the new mantra that was used undeniably by plenty of companies (Frey and Osterloch, 2002). Recently, as a result of a financial crisis, many large and small companies had to cut costs through reduction of employees' salaries and bonuses. The question that has now arisen is whether there are any other options to reduce the cost of the organization. Even, many organizations are using the part-time employees as a cost reduction strategy. Thus, the motivation of part-time employee has become an issue for many organizations in Bangladesh. The literature on a subject of motivation
Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2011
Effect of five potassium doses viz, recommended dose (RD) (40 kg Murate of Potash(MP)/hector), RD... more Effect of five potassium doses viz, recommended dose (RD) (40 kg Murate of Potash(MP)/hector), RD + 10 kg MP/ha, RD + 20 kg MP/ha, RD + 30 kg MP/ha, RD + 40 kg MP /ha to manage bacterial blight of rice were studied during Boro season in 2005. The experiment was laid in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) having three replications. Highest disease severity (55.92%) was observed due to bacterial leaf blight at maximum tillering stage when applied 30 kg MP/ha additional potash. Lowest disease severity (0.45%) of bacterial leaf blight were recorded from the plot where no additional MP was applied but highest yield (4.35 tones/ha) was observed in the plot where additional 20 kg MP/ha was applied. The amount of potassium in the leaves did not vary significantly even after additional application of potassium either 30 or 20 kg MP/ha though it was more (1.31%) when applied 40 kg MP/ha. In another experiment in the present study the lowest disease severity 15.22% and 10.53% were record...
Objective To observe the safety of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in th... more Objective To observe the safety of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Patients and methods A clinical trial was carried out in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total number of patients was thirty. Among them fifteen patients were treated with injection dexamethasone (group A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (group B). Results Statistically significant improvement was observed in both groups in all clinical parameters after 6 weeks. But dexamethasone group showed statistically more significant improvement than prednisolone group in all clinical parameters except Nikolsky’s sign. Most common adverse effects in both groups were weight gain, increased appetite, puffy face and hyperglycemia. In dexamethasone group other side effect was sleep disturbance. In prednisolone group other side effects were gastritis, sleep disturbance, nausea and vomiting, herpes zoster infection, reactivation of tuberculosis and mood change. Conclusion Parenteral dexamethasone appears to be safer than oral prednisolone in the management of pemphigus vulgaris with an acceptable efficacy profile.
Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2008
Brucellosis is an important disease caused by gram- negative bacteria Brucella that are pathogeni... more Brucellosis is an important disease caused by gram- negative bacteria Brucella that are pathogenic for a wide variety of animals and human. The disease is also called âMalta fever', âMediterranean fever or undulant fever'. The main domestic animals that are affected are cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs (Moore and Schnurrenberger, 1981; Young, 1995; OIE, 2000). The principal manifestations of animal brucellosis are reproductive failure, i.e, abortion and birth of unthrifty offspring in females, and orchitis and epididymitis in males. Brucellosis in human being is usually characteristics by influenza like clinical disease, which may be severe and may be followed by chronic intermittent relapses (Hugh-Jones, 2000). The genus Brucella has six recognized species on the basis of host specificity. Among all six species of Brucella, the greatest economic impact results from bovine brucellosis caused by B. abortus. Brucellosis in cattle is usually caused by biovars of B. abortus. I...
Chemical Engineering and Science, 2013
In the present study biodiesel was synthesized from Waste Cook Oil (WCO) by three-step method and... more In the present study biodiesel was synthesized from Waste Cook Oil (WCO) by three-step method and regressive analyzes of the process was done. The raw oil, containing 1.9wt% Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and viscosity was 47.6mm 2 /s. WCO was collected from local restaurant of Sylhet city in Bangladesh. Transesterification method gives lower yield than three-step method. In the three-step method, the first step is saponification of the oil followed by acidification to produce FFA and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. In the saponification reaction, various reaction parameters such as oil to sodium hydroxide molar ratio and reaction time were optimized and the oil to NaOH molar ratio was 1:2, In the esterification reaction, the reaction parameters such as methanol to FFA molar ratio, catalyst concentration and reaction temperature were optimized. Silica gel was used during esterification reaction to adsorb water produced in the reaction. Hence the reaction rate was increased and finally the FFA was reduced to 0.52wt%. A factorial design was studied for esterification reaction based on yield of biodiesel. Finally various properties of biodiesel such as FFA, viscosity, specific gravity, cetane index, pour point, flash point etc. were measured and compared with biodiesel and petro-diesel standard. The reaction yield was 79%.
Community Based Medical Journal, 2013
A clinical trial was carried out in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sh... more A clinical trial was carried out in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. The total number of patients was thirty and among them fifteen patients were treated with injection dexamethasone (Group-A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (Group-B). The study showed that in Group-A, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of skin lesion of pemphigus was 36.87±8.40 and 5.27±1.624 respectively. In Group-B, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of skin lesion of pemphigus was 36.27±8.980 and 7.73±1.007 respectively. The study also observed that in group-A, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of mucous membrane lesion of pemphigus was 3.40±2.633 and 1.00±0.926 respectively. In Group-B, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of mucous membrane lesion of pemphigus was 3.33±2.225 and 1.87±1.246 respectively. Statistically significant improvement was obser...
International Journal of Pharmacy, 2015
Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of d... more Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of diarrhea in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of KRP, it was administered chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days. All throughout the experimental period the KRP treated animals were always maintaining decrease in body weight in the overall body weight study compare to their control counterpart. There were a statistically significant (p=0.013) decrease in the absolute weight of rat heart and a statistically highly significant (p=0.009) decrease in the relative percent weight of the heart. There were a statistically highly significant decrease in the absolute weight of the liver (p=0.002) and the relative percent weight of the liver (p=0.005). Also there was a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the organ water content of the liver. There was a statistically highly significant (p=0.004) decrease in the absolute weight of the rat kidney but a statistically significant (p=0.015) decrease was noticed in relative percent weight of the rat kidney. There were a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the absolute weight of spleen relative percent weight of spleen.
ABSTRACT Brucella spp. are small, non-motile Gram-negative coccobacilli known to cause disease in... more ABSTRACT Brucella spp. are small, non-motile Gram-negative coccobacilli known to cause disease in a number of vertebrate species including humans and brucellosis is one of the world's major zoonoses, alongside bovine tuberculosis and rabies. There are about 33.55 million goats and 1.16 million sheep in Bangladesh. The sheep and goats can significantly play an important role in the economic well being of the resource-poor farmer in Bangladesh. Sexually matured 362 female small ruminants(300 goats and 62 sheep) were examined. Approximately 3-5 ml of blood was collected from the jugular vein of each animal and sera samples were prepared. Samples were then tested for brucellosis by using Rose Bengal test(RBT), plate agglutination test(PAT) and tube agglutination test(TAT). Among 362 small ruminants, irrespective of species(sheep or goat), diagnosed highest in TAT, 2.21%(n=8) and lowest both by RBT & PAT, 1.93%(n=7) and it is concluded that TAT is superior than RBT and PAT.
Bangladesh Journal of Child Health
Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by fever, neutr... more Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare dermatosis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by fever, neutrophilia, raised and painful plaques on the skin of the face, neck, limbs, and histologically by dermal infiltration of neutrophils. Here, we present a ten-year-old boy who presented with fever and multiple skin lesions for 15 days. On examination, he was febrile and presented with multiple nodular, tender, erythematous rash on face and limbs. Laboratory findings revealed raised inflammatory markers with neutrophilic leukocytosis, skin biopsy showed hyperkeratosis and neutrophilic infiltration of the dermis. Typical history, laboratory investigations including skin biopsy findings were suggestive of diagnosis of SS. Prolonged fever and characteristics skin lesions in any child should be suspected for this rare syndrome. It should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in the day-today clinical practice for effective management of this rare disease. BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL...
Naradiya Laksmivilasa Rasa (NMB) is a classical Ayurvedic formulation markedly used in the treatm... more Naradiya Laksmivilasa Rasa (NMB) is a classical Ayurvedic formulation markedly used in the treatment of sinusitis, chronic skin diseases, diabetes, fistula, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, ascites, headache,..
Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2021
Mullerian anomalies cannot always be defined in one or the other class, as described by the Ameri... more Mullerian anomalies cannot always be defined in one or the other class, as described by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine. One such unclassified anomaly incidentally found in a infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome, was difficult to diagnose with existing imaging modalities. The final diagnosis was not made until after the surgeries including diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.
Advances in Infectious Diseases, 2021
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2020
Background Enteric fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income cou... more Background Enteric fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we analyzed Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) data to estimate the burden of enteric fever hospitalization among children aged <15 years and identify risk factors for hospitalization in Bangladesh. Methods SEAP used hospital surveillance paired with a community-based health-care utilization assessment. In SEAP hospital surveillance, blood was obtained for culture from children aged <15 years with ≥3 days of fever. In the hospital catchment area, a health-care utilization survey (HCUS) was conducted to estimate the proportion of febrile children hospitalized at the study hospitals. We analyzed hospital surveillance and HCUS data to estimate the health care–adjusted incidence of enteric fever hospitalization, and conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions. Results From July 2017 through June 2019, 2243 laboratory-confirmed enteric f...
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2019
Background. Typhoid and paratyphoid remain the most common bloodstream infections in many resourc... more Background. Typhoid and paratyphoid remain the most common bloodstream infections in many resource-poor settings. The World Health Organization recommends typhoid conjugate vaccines for country-specific introduction, but questions regarding typhoid and paratyphoid epidemiology persist, especially regarding their severity in young children. Methods. We conducted enteric fever surveillance in Bangladesh from 2004 through 2016 in the inpatient departments of 2 pediatric hospitals and the outpatient departments of 1 pediatric hospital and 1 private consultation clinic. Blood cultures were conducted at the discretion of the treating physicians; cases of culture-confirmed typhoid/paratyphoid were included. Hospitalizations and durations of hospitalizations were used as proxies for severity in children <12 years old. Results. We identified 7072 typhoid and 1810 paratyphoid culture-confirmed cases. There was no increasing trend in the proportion of paratyphoid over the 13 years. The median age in the typhoid cases was 60 months, and 15% of the cases occurred in children <24 months old. The median age of the paratyphoid cases was significantly higher, at 90 months (P < .001); 9.4% were in children <24 months old. The proportion of children (<12 years old) hospitalized with typhoid and paratyphoid (32% and 21%, respectively) decreased with age; there was no significant difference in durations of hospitalizations between age groups. However, children with typhoid were hospitalized for longer than those with paratyphoid. Conclusions. Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are common in Dhaka, including among children under 2 years old, who have equivalent disease severity as older children. Early immunization with typhoid conjugate vaccines could avert substantial morbidity, but broader efforts are required to reduce the paratyphoid burden.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2017
Lack of surveillance systems and accurate data impede evidence-based decisions on treatment and p... more Lack of surveillance systems and accurate data impede evidence-based decisions on treatment and prevention of enteric fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi. The WHO coordinates a global Invasive Bacterial-Vaccine Preventable Diseases (IB-VPD) surveillance network but does not monitor enteric fever. We evaluated the feasibility and sustainability of integrating enteric fever surveillance into the ongoing IB-VPD platform. The IB-VPD surveillance system uses WHO definitions to enroll 2-59 month children hospitalized with possible pneumonia, sepsis or meningitis. We expanded this surveillance system to additionally capture suspect enteric fever cases during 2012-2016, in two WHO sentinel hospitals of Bangladesh, by adding inclusion criteria of fever ≥102°F for ≥3 days, irrespective of other manifestations. Culture-positive enteric fever cases from in-patient departments (IPD) detected in the hospital laboratories but missed by the expanded surveillance, were also enrolled to asses...
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal, 2016
Background: Pemphigus vulgaris is associated with high morbidity as well as significant mortality... more Background: Pemphigus vulgaris is associated with high morbidity as well as significant mortality rate. Today the risk of death in pemphigus from the side effect of oral prednisolone is greater than risk of death from the disease itself. Objective: To observe the adverse effects of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Methods: An interventional study was carried out in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total number of patients was thirty and among them fifteen patients were treated with parenteral dexamethasone (Group-A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (Group-B). Results: The study showed statistically significant differences of skin lesion as well as mucosal lesion of pemphigus after 6 weeks of therapy between of two groups (P<0.05). The most common adverse effects were increased body weight(40%), increased appetite(40%),...
International Journal of Pharmacy
Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of d... more Karpur Ras (KRP) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of diarrhea in the rural population. To find out the toxicological characteristic of KRP, it was administered chronically to the male SpragueDawley rats at a dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days. All throughout the experimental period the KRP treated animals were always maintaining decrease in body weight in the overall body weight study compare to their control counterpart. There were a statistically significant (p=0.013) decrease in the absolute weight of rat heart and a statistically highly significant (p=0.009) decrease in the relative percent weight of the heart. There were a statistically highly significant decrease in the absolute weight of the liver (p=0.002) and the relative percent weight of the liver (p=0.005). Also there was a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease in the organ water content of the liver. There was a statistically highly significant (p=0.004) decrease i...
ABSTRACT Rohitakarista (RHT) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the tr... more ABSTRACT Rohitakarista (RHT) is an Ayurvedic preparation used as a traditional medicine in the treatment of splenomegaly. To find out the effect of chronic administration of RHT on serum blood chemistry profile, it was administered chronically to the male Sprague-Dawley rats at a dose of 40 ml/kg for 28 days. In this study, the albumin content was decreased (9.17 %) in RHT treated male rats and it was statistically significant (p=0.047), the globulin content was highly significantly (p=0.012) increased (53.10 %) as a result the decrease (43.18%) in the Albumin / Globulin (A/G) ratio was statistically highly significantly different from their corresponding control values (p=0.005). There were a statistically very highly significant (p=0.001) decrease of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (23.97%) and BUN/Creatinine ratio (21.62 %). It was observed that there was a 15.0% decrease in serum uric acid content of RHT treated male rats in comparison to their control male rats which was also statistically significant (p=0.049).
This study was conducted to analyze the short and long run price performance of IPOs in Banglades... more This study was conducted to analyze the short and long run price performance of IPOs in Bangladesh. Based on a sample of 163 IPOs that were issued during the period between 1992 and 2006, this study documents short run out-performance and long run underperformance of IPOs in the secondary market. The short run out-performance of IPOs peaks in the first month of trading in the secondary market. In the long run IPOs under perform the industry and the market in general. But the underperformance to industry is much severe than underperformance to market. Further analyses reveal that the long run underperformance is much higher for IPOs issued in few years, particularly the hot issue periods. IPOs belonging to Leather, Engineering, Paper, Ceramic and Food industries underperform their respective industry and the market severely in the long run. On the other hand, IPOs belonging to Banking and Non-bank Financial Institutions industries outperformed the industry and the market significantly.
ABSTRACT Nowadays both part-time as well as regular employees are working in many organizations o... more ABSTRACT Nowadays both part-time as well as regular employees are working in many organizations of Bangladesh. Though many studies have been conducted to know the motivation status of regular employees but no study is found that addressed motivations status of both regular and part-time employees of Bangladesh. Thus, this study is conducted on 300 regular and part-time employees of Bangladesh to know the most motivating factors of both regular and part-time employees. Respondents were asked to identify and rank ten motivation factors in the order of their magnitude. The findings reveal that good salary, job security, good working condition and interesting work are the most important motivating factors for the regular employees, whereas; flexibility of work, interesting work, good salary and good work environment are the most important motivating factor for part-time employees, because most of the part-time employees working in different organizations are either students or regular employees of other organizations. The findings of the study can be useful for managers and human resource (HR) professionals for motivating regular employees as well as part-time employees and thereby achieving the goals of organization more effectively and efficiently. INTRODUCTION The success of organizations greatly depends on the effectiveness of the human capital (Hashim, 2009; Khan and Taher, 2009). It is widely recognized that motivation is a very important factor which ensures the best effort from the human resources (Ather et al., 2011). Therefore, work motivation is one of the key concerns of today's managers. However, because of a complexity in the nature of human behavior, motivation is not easy to understand and to use. Despite many studies on that topic manager today are no closer to understand employees' motivation than their counterparts more than a half of century ago. Although, some of research suggested that money is not as important as it seemed to be, many companies tried to implement monetary incentives as their main tool to motivate their employees. Performance related pay became the new mantra that was used undeniably by plenty of companies (Frey and Osterloch, 2002). Recently, as a result of a financial crisis, many large and small companies had to cut costs through reduction of employees' salaries and bonuses. The question that has now arisen is whether there are any other options to reduce the cost of the organization. Even, many organizations are using the part-time employees as a cost reduction strategy. Thus, the motivation of part-time employee has become an issue for many organizations in Bangladesh. The literature on a subject of motivation
Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2011
Effect of five potassium doses viz, recommended dose (RD) (40 kg Murate of Potash(MP)/hector), RD... more Effect of five potassium doses viz, recommended dose (RD) (40 kg Murate of Potash(MP)/hector), RD + 10 kg MP/ha, RD + 20 kg MP/ha, RD + 30 kg MP/ha, RD + 40 kg MP /ha to manage bacterial blight of rice were studied during Boro season in 2005. The experiment was laid in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) having three replications. Highest disease severity (55.92%) was observed due to bacterial leaf blight at maximum tillering stage when applied 30 kg MP/ha additional potash. Lowest disease severity (0.45%) of bacterial leaf blight were recorded from the plot where no additional MP was applied but highest yield (4.35 tones/ha) was observed in the plot where additional 20 kg MP/ha was applied. The amount of potassium in the leaves did not vary significantly even after additional application of potassium either 30 or 20 kg MP/ha though it was more (1.31%) when applied 40 kg MP/ha. In another experiment in the present study the lowest disease severity 15.22% and 10.53% were record...
Objective To observe the safety of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in th... more Objective To observe the safety of parenteral dexamethasone compared with oral prednisolone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Patients and methods A clinical trial was carried out in the department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total number of patients was thirty. Among them fifteen patients were treated with injection dexamethasone (group A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (group B). Results Statistically significant improvement was observed in both groups in all clinical parameters after 6 weeks. But dexamethasone group showed statistically more significant improvement than prednisolone group in all clinical parameters except Nikolsky’s sign. Most common adverse effects in both groups were weight gain, increased appetite, puffy face and hyperglycemia. In dexamethasone group other side effect was sleep disturbance. In prednisolone group other side effects were gastritis, sleep disturbance, nausea and vomiting, herpes zoster infection, reactivation of tuberculosis and mood change. Conclusion Parenteral dexamethasone appears to be safer than oral prednisolone in the management of pemphigus vulgaris with an acceptable efficacy profile.
Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2008
Brucellosis is an important disease caused by gram- negative bacteria Brucella that are pathogeni... more Brucellosis is an important disease caused by gram- negative bacteria Brucella that are pathogenic for a wide variety of animals and human. The disease is also called âMalta fever', âMediterranean fever or undulant fever'. The main domestic animals that are affected are cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs (Moore and Schnurrenberger, 1981; Young, 1995; OIE, 2000). The principal manifestations of animal brucellosis are reproductive failure, i.e, abortion and birth of unthrifty offspring in females, and orchitis and epididymitis in males. Brucellosis in human being is usually characteristics by influenza like clinical disease, which may be severe and may be followed by chronic intermittent relapses (Hugh-Jones, 2000). The genus Brucella has six recognized species on the basis of host specificity. Among all six species of Brucella, the greatest economic impact results from bovine brucellosis caused by B. abortus. Brucellosis in cattle is usually caused by biovars of B. abortus. I...
Chemical Engineering and Science, 2013
In the present study biodiesel was synthesized from Waste Cook Oil (WCO) by three-step method and... more In the present study biodiesel was synthesized from Waste Cook Oil (WCO) by three-step method and regressive analyzes of the process was done. The raw oil, containing 1.9wt% Free Fatty Acid (FFA) and viscosity was 47.6mm 2 /s. WCO was collected from local restaurant of Sylhet city in Bangladesh. Transesterification method gives lower yield than three-step method. In the three-step method, the first step is saponification of the oil followed by acidification to produce FFA and finally esterification of FFA to produce biodiesel. In the saponification reaction, various reaction parameters such as oil to sodium hydroxide molar ratio and reaction time were optimized and the oil to NaOH molar ratio was 1:2, In the esterification reaction, the reaction parameters such as methanol to FFA molar ratio, catalyst concentration and reaction temperature were optimized. Silica gel was used during esterification reaction to adsorb water produced in the reaction. Hence the reaction rate was increased and finally the FFA was reduced to 0.52wt%. A factorial design was studied for esterification reaction based on yield of biodiesel. Finally various properties of biodiesel such as FFA, viscosity, specific gravity, cetane index, pour point, flash point etc. were measured and compared with biodiesel and petro-diesel standard. The reaction yield was 79%.
Community Based Medical Journal, 2013
A clinical trial was carried out in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sh... more A clinical trial was carried out in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. The total number of patients was thirty and among them fifteen patients were treated with injection dexamethasone (Group-A) and other fifteen were treated with oral prednisolone (Group-B). The study showed that in Group-A, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of skin lesion of pemphigus was 36.87±8.40 and 5.27±1.624 respectively. In Group-B, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of skin lesion of pemphigus was 36.27±8.980 and 7.73±1.007 respectively. The study also observed that in group-A, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of mucous membrane lesion of pemphigus was 3.40±2.633 and 1.00±0.926 respectively. In Group-B, on admission and after 6 weeks, the mean number (±SD) of mucous membrane lesion of pemphigus was 3.33±2.225 and 1.87±1.246 respectively. Statistically significant improvement was obser...