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Papers by Top Nattawaj
Journal of Creative Communications, Nov 13, 2023
This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. Th... more This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. The analysis is theoretically triangulated between Biber et al's markers of stance and Mellado's journalistic role performance. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is adopted. The corpus consists of 167 news articles published in English with the total number of 126,150 words. The period of publication ranges from 2007 to 2022. Findings indicate that male perpetrators are discursively vilified through discourse structures which signify augmented agency to inflict harm upon victims. To illustrate, the lexical item rape is made to occur simultaneously with other material verb processes which intensify an act of violence such as bludgeon and kill. In contrast, male victims are deprived of agency and their voice, instead of emanating from the victims themselves, is expressed through other parties such as witnesses and NGO officers. Moreover, notwithstanding the fact that the data collection covers a long period of time, no diachronic development of the issue emerges. Possible ways to humanise the representation are discussed.
Journal of Creative Communications , 2023
This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. Th... more This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. The analysis is theoretically triangulated between Biber et al's markers of stance and Mellado's journalistic role performance. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is adopted. The corpus consists of 167 news articles published in English with the total number of 126,150 words. The period of publication ranges from 2007 to 2022. Findings indicate that male perpetrators are discursively vilified through discourse structures which signify augmented agency to inflict harm upon victims. To illustrate, the lexical item rape is made to occur simultaneously with other material verb processes which intensify an act of violence such as bludgeon and kill. In contrast, male victims are deprived of agency and their voice, instead of emanating from the victims themselves, is expressed through other parties such as witnesses and NGO officers. Moreover, notwithstanding the fact that the data collection covers a long period of time, no diachronic development of the issue emerges. Possible ways to humanise the representation are discussed.
Plaridel, Dec 22, 2022
Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relati... more Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relationships between men. This study seeks to examine the meaning-making of Thai BL products from the perspectives of international media. Methodologically, corpus-driven discourse analysis is adopted. The 57,336-word corpus consists of coverage from 28 media outlets across 10 countries. It is sourced from content published between 2015 and 2021. The investigation is conducted at word (keyword analysis), sentence (N-gram analysis) and paragraph (qualitative analysis) level. Overall, three emerging themes can be captured. First, the strong affection theme regards Thai BL as a lyrical world replete with love and romance, outperforming their Western equivalent because of sensitivity to a romantic ideal known as "love conquers all". Second, the determinant of audience participation theme considers Thai BL a factor encouraging participation from fandoms. This is exemplified in a cultural phenomenon of fans learning the Thai language in order to comprehend a series without dependence on subtitles. Third, the connection with reality theme treats Thai BL as a reflection of various real-life situations including LBGT issues in Southeast Asia. Such reality is comprised of two domains: what is happening in real life and what is missing in real life.
International Journal of Communication, 2023
This article investigates the journalistic role performance of Bangkok Post about the issue of tr... more This article investigates the journalistic role performance of Bangkok Post about the issue of transgender rights in Thailand. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is employed. It amalgamates quantitative computation (the identification of significant keywords) into qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that the role is performed in 6 dimensions: intervention, watchdog, loyal-facilitator, service, infotainment, and civic. Although transgender rights in certain aspects such as marriage, employment, and blood donation are touched upon, the rights of other seemingly subaltern transgender communities, including inmates and sex workers, are not fully articulated. Suggestions for asserting transgender rights on a more comprehensive basis are offered.
Plaridel, 2022
Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relationships ... more Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relationships between men. This study seeks to examine the meaning-making of Thai BL products from the perspectives of international media. Methodologically, corpus-driven discourse analysis is adopted. The 57,336-word corpus consists of coverage from 28 media outlets across 10 countries. It is sourced from content published between 2015 and 2021. The investigation is conducted at word (keyword analysis), sentence (N-gram analysis) and paragraph (qualitative analysis) level. Overall, three emerging themes can be captured. First, the strong affection theme regards Thai BL as a lyrical world replete with love and romance, outperforming their Western equivalent because of sensitivity to a romantic ideal known as "love conquers all". Second, the determinant of audience participation theme considers Thai BL a factor encouraging participation from fandoms. This is exemplified in a cultural phenomenon of fans learning the Thai language in order to comprehend a series without dependence on subtitles. Third, the connection with reality theme treats Thai BL as a reflection of various real-life situations including LBGT issues in Southeast Asia. Such reality is comprised of two domains: what is happening in real life and what is missing in real life.
International Journal of Marketing Semiotics & Discourse Studies, 2022
This study investigates the communication strategies which Thai cosmetic hospitals pursue to mark... more This study investigates the communication strategies which Thai cosmetic hospitals pursue to market their services to international male clients. The investigation is predicated upon Taylor’s six-segment message strategy model. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is employed, by qualitatively examining texts containing statistically significant keywords. The corpus consists of the English version webpages belonging to 20 Thai hospitals with a total number of 73,168 words. Findings indicate that, in the absence of the routine strategy, the ego, social, sensory, acute needs, and ration strategies are implemented. Recommendations on how to improve communication strategies within the healthcare sector are offered.
Journalism , 2022
The objective of this study is to examine how male sex workers are represented in Thai newspapers... more The objective of this study is to examine how male sex workers are represented in Thai newspapers. The analysis is contingent upon Reisigl and Wodak’s concept of discursive strategy in conjunction with Machin and Mayr’s compilation of transitivity analysis. Methodologically, this study employs corpus-assisted discourse analysis. The 45,769-word corpus consists of news articles retrieved from the websites of 11 Thai newspapers. They were published in English between the period of 2000 and 2019. Findings reveal that the media pursue the nomination, predication, argumentation, perspectivization together with intensification and mitigation strategies to portray male sex workers in a non-threatening fashion. Possible contributing factors behind such portrayal are discussed.
Discourse Studies , 2020
The purposes of this study are twofold. First, it investigates how the digital media discursively... more The purposes of this study are twofold. First, it investigates how the digital media discursively react against the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). Second, it examines how Thailand is portrayed as a venue for steroid holiday among recreational bodybuilders from the Western countries. Adhering to the principle of theoretical triangulation, the study employs two frameworks including Reisigl and Wodak’s discursive strategies and Van Dijk’s ideological structures. The methodology undertaken is a corpus-assisted discourse analysis. The corpus contains 100 articles published on various websites between the period of 2014 and 2019 with the total number of 107,116 words. Main findings indicate that, regarding the first purpose, the media portray AAS as the ‘outgroup’ by employing various negative lexical items while attempting to dilute any claimed benefits. Concerning the second purpose, Thailand is represented as a venue in which AAS are easily available coupled with corrupt dealers and lax regulations.
Thesis Chapters by Top Nattawaj
The analysis in this study is divided into three sections. First, the syntactic structures of the... more The analysis in this study is divided into three sections. First, the syntactic structures of the editorial titles are identified. Second, the editorial purposes are analysed using the Editorial Purpose Analysis (EPA). They are further subdivided into primary and secondary. Third, the rhetorical organisation of the editorials is analysed using Swales' move analysis (MA). The corpus used in the analysis is ten Bangkok Post editorials on the theme of terrorism. They were published between August and November 2015. Findings reveal that the syntactic structures of the editorials are mostly written in a form of an affirmative. The primary purposes which emerge the most frequently are to argue that/for/against, to criticise and to call for action whereas the most-frequently-occurring secondary purpose is to inform. An analysis of rhetorical organization revealed that four moves are identified. They include Move 1 : observations, Move 2 : stances, Move 3 : consolidation and Move 4 : suggestions. It is hoped that the findings of this study will help provide a broader understanding in reading and writing English newspaper editorials.
Journal of Creative Communications, Nov 13, 2023
This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. Th... more This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. The analysis is theoretically triangulated between Biber et al's markers of stance and Mellado's journalistic role performance. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is adopted. The corpus consists of 167 news articles published in English with the total number of 126,150 words. The period of publication ranges from 2007 to 2022. Findings indicate that male perpetrators are discursively vilified through discourse structures which signify augmented agency to inflict harm upon victims. To illustrate, the lexical item rape is made to occur simultaneously with other material verb processes which intensify an act of violence such as bludgeon and kill. In contrast, male victims are deprived of agency and their voice, instead of emanating from the victims themselves, is expressed through other parties such as witnesses and NGO officers. Moreover, notwithstanding the fact that the data collection covers a long period of time, no diachronic development of the issue emerges. Possible ways to humanise the representation are discussed.
Journal of Creative Communications , 2023
This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. Th... more This study seeks to examine the representation of men in rape coverage produced by Thai media. The analysis is theoretically triangulated between Biber et al's markers of stance and Mellado's journalistic role performance. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is adopted. The corpus consists of 167 news articles published in English with the total number of 126,150 words. The period of publication ranges from 2007 to 2022. Findings indicate that male perpetrators are discursively vilified through discourse structures which signify augmented agency to inflict harm upon victims. To illustrate, the lexical item rape is made to occur simultaneously with other material verb processes which intensify an act of violence such as bludgeon and kill. In contrast, male victims are deprived of agency and their voice, instead of emanating from the victims themselves, is expressed through other parties such as witnesses and NGO officers. Moreover, notwithstanding the fact that the data collection covers a long period of time, no diachronic development of the issue emerges. Possible ways to humanise the representation are discussed.
Plaridel, Dec 22, 2022
Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relati... more Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relationships between men. This study seeks to examine the meaning-making of Thai BL products from the perspectives of international media. Methodologically, corpus-driven discourse analysis is adopted. The 57,336-word corpus consists of coverage from 28 media outlets across 10 countries. It is sourced from content published between 2015 and 2021. The investigation is conducted at word (keyword analysis), sentence (N-gram analysis) and paragraph (qualitative analysis) level. Overall, three emerging themes can be captured. First, the strong affection theme regards Thai BL as a lyrical world replete with love and romance, outperforming their Western equivalent because of sensitivity to a romantic ideal known as "love conquers all". Second, the determinant of audience participation theme considers Thai BL a factor encouraging participation from fandoms. This is exemplified in a cultural phenomenon of fans learning the Thai language in order to comprehend a series without dependence on subtitles. Third, the connection with reality theme treats Thai BL as a reflection of various real-life situations including LBGT issues in Southeast Asia. Such reality is comprised of two domains: what is happening in real life and what is missing in real life.
International Journal of Communication, 2023
This article investigates the journalistic role performance of Bangkok Post about the issue of tr... more This article investigates the journalistic role performance of Bangkok Post about the issue of transgender rights in Thailand. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is employed. It amalgamates quantitative computation (the identification of significant keywords) into qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that the role is performed in 6 dimensions: intervention, watchdog, loyal-facilitator, service, infotainment, and civic. Although transgender rights in certain aspects such as marriage, employment, and blood donation are touched upon, the rights of other seemingly subaltern transgender communities, including inmates and sex workers, are not fully articulated. Suggestions for asserting transgender rights on a more comprehensive basis are offered.
Plaridel, 2022
Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relationships ... more Boys' Love (BL) is a genre of cultural products which features erotic and romantic relationships between men. This study seeks to examine the meaning-making of Thai BL products from the perspectives of international media. Methodologically, corpus-driven discourse analysis is adopted. The 57,336-word corpus consists of coverage from 28 media outlets across 10 countries. It is sourced from content published between 2015 and 2021. The investigation is conducted at word (keyword analysis), sentence (N-gram analysis) and paragraph (qualitative analysis) level. Overall, three emerging themes can be captured. First, the strong affection theme regards Thai BL as a lyrical world replete with love and romance, outperforming their Western equivalent because of sensitivity to a romantic ideal known as "love conquers all". Second, the determinant of audience participation theme considers Thai BL a factor encouraging participation from fandoms. This is exemplified in a cultural phenomenon of fans learning the Thai language in order to comprehend a series without dependence on subtitles. Third, the connection with reality theme treats Thai BL as a reflection of various real-life situations including LBGT issues in Southeast Asia. Such reality is comprised of two domains: what is happening in real life and what is missing in real life.
International Journal of Marketing Semiotics & Discourse Studies, 2022
This study investigates the communication strategies which Thai cosmetic hospitals pursue to mark... more This study investigates the communication strategies which Thai cosmetic hospitals pursue to market their services to international male clients. The investigation is predicated upon Taylor’s six-segment message strategy model. Methodologically, corpus-assisted discourse analysis is employed, by qualitatively examining texts containing statistically significant keywords. The corpus consists of the English version webpages belonging to 20 Thai hospitals with a total number of 73,168 words. Findings indicate that, in the absence of the routine strategy, the ego, social, sensory, acute needs, and ration strategies are implemented. Recommendations on how to improve communication strategies within the healthcare sector are offered.
Journalism , 2022
The objective of this study is to examine how male sex workers are represented in Thai newspapers... more The objective of this study is to examine how male sex workers are represented in Thai newspapers. The analysis is contingent upon Reisigl and Wodak’s concept of discursive strategy in conjunction with Machin and Mayr’s compilation of transitivity analysis. Methodologically, this study employs corpus-assisted discourse analysis. The 45,769-word corpus consists of news articles retrieved from the websites of 11 Thai newspapers. They were published in English between the period of 2000 and 2019. Findings reveal that the media pursue the nomination, predication, argumentation, perspectivization together with intensification and mitigation strategies to portray male sex workers in a non-threatening fashion. Possible contributing factors behind such portrayal are discussed.
Discourse Studies , 2020
The purposes of this study are twofold. First, it investigates how the digital media discursively... more The purposes of this study are twofold. First, it investigates how the digital media discursively react against the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). Second, it examines how Thailand is portrayed as a venue for steroid holiday among recreational bodybuilders from the Western countries. Adhering to the principle of theoretical triangulation, the study employs two frameworks including Reisigl and Wodak’s discursive strategies and Van Dijk’s ideological structures. The methodology undertaken is a corpus-assisted discourse analysis. The corpus contains 100 articles published on various websites between the period of 2014 and 2019 with the total number of 107,116 words. Main findings indicate that, regarding the first purpose, the media portray AAS as the ‘outgroup’ by employing various negative lexical items while attempting to dilute any claimed benefits. Concerning the second purpose, Thailand is represented as a venue in which AAS are easily available coupled with corrupt dealers and lax regulations.
The analysis in this study is divided into three sections. First, the syntactic structures of the... more The analysis in this study is divided into three sections. First, the syntactic structures of the editorial titles are identified. Second, the editorial purposes are analysed using the Editorial Purpose Analysis (EPA). They are further subdivided into primary and secondary. Third, the rhetorical organisation of the editorials is analysed using Swales' move analysis (MA). The corpus used in the analysis is ten Bangkok Post editorials on the theme of terrorism. They were published between August and November 2015. Findings reveal that the syntactic structures of the editorials are mostly written in a form of an affirmative. The primary purposes which emerge the most frequently are to argue that/for/against, to criticise and to call for action whereas the most-frequently-occurring secondary purpose is to inform. An analysis of rhetorical organization revealed that four moves are identified. They include Move 1 : observations, Move 2 : stances, Move 3 : consolidation and Move 4 : suggestions. It is hoped that the findings of this study will help provide a broader understanding in reading and writing English newspaper editorials.