Substitution of poultry and red meat with fish and the risk of peripheral arterial disease: a Danish cohort study (original) (raw)

Abstract

Purpose

The aims of this study were to examine associations between substitutions of poultry and red meat intake with fish (total, lean or fatty) and the risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We hypothesised that a higher intake of fish and a concomitant lower intake of poultry or red meat were associated with a lower risk of incident PAD.

Methods

We used data from a Danish cohort where middle-aged participants filled in food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires at baseline. During follow-up, we identified participants with valid diagnoses of PAD and analysed data by multivariable Cox regression analyses. Substitutions of 150 g/week of either poultry, red meat (processed or unprocessed) with 150 g/week of fish (total, lean or fatty) were explored.

Results

We followed the cohort (n = 54,597) for a median of 13.6 years and identified 897 cases with PAD. We found modest lower rates of PAD when intake of fish replaced a concomitant lower intake of unprocessed (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.88–1.01) and processed red meat (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.87–1.02). Replacing unprocessed (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.79–1.00) or processed red meat (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–1.01) with fatty fish was associated with lower rates of PAD. No associations were observed when fish intake replaced poultry or when lean fish replaced red meat.

Conclusions

This study suggests that substituting red meat with fish and especially fatty fish may be associated with a lower risk of PAD, although not statistically significant. Replacing poultry with fish was not associated with the risk of PAD.

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Acknowledgements

The Department of Vascular Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Clinical Institute of Medicine Aalborg University and the Danish Cancer Society made this study possible but had no influence on the research or preparation of this article.

Funding

This work was supported by the Heinrich Kopps Grant, the Arvid Nilssons Foundation and the Augustinus Foundation. The sponsors had no influence on design, analysis or interpretation of study results and drafting of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Vascular Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
    Anne N. Lasota
  2. Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
    Anne N. Lasota, Marie-Louise Moes Grønholdt & Erik Berg Schmidt
  3. Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
    Christian Sørensen Bork, Erik Berg Schmidt & Kim Overvad
  4. Unit of Clinical Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
    Søren Lundbye-Christensen
  5. AF Study Group, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
    Søren Lundbye-Christensen
  6. Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
    Kim Overvad

Authors

  1. Anne N. Lasota
  2. Marie-Louise Moes Grønholdt
  3. Christian Sørensen Bork
  4. Søren Lundbye-Christensen
  5. Erik Berg Schmidt
  6. Kim Overvad

Corresponding author

Correspondence toAnne N. Lasota.

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Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

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Lasota, A.N., Grønholdt, ML.M., Bork, C.S. et al. Substitution of poultry and red meat with fish and the risk of peripheral arterial disease: a Danish cohort study.Eur J Nutr 58, 2731–2739 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1822-y

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