The in vitro effect of Khawia sinensis on leucocyte activity in carp (Cyprinus carpio) | Journal of Helminthology | Cambridge Core (original) (raw)

Abstract

The interactions between Khawia sinensis (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), a pathogenic tapeworm of carp, and host leucocytes has been investigated in vitro by monitoring blastogenesis in pronephric, splenic and thymic lymphocytes and apoptosis of pronephric leucocytes. Both parasite homogenate and excretory/secretory (E/S) products were found to suppress lymphocyte blastogenesis at high concentrations (346.6–98.8 μg ml−1) whilstcell stimulation occurred at low concentrations (49.4–19.8 μg ml−1). This differential affect on leucocyte activity may not be associated with apoptosis in vitro as the parasite E/S products did not significantly affect programmed cell death as monitored by acridine orange and DNA analysis. The parasite effect on leucocyte activity is discussed and its relationship to host susceptibility is evaluated.

References

Alford, P.B., Tomasso, J.R., Bodine, A.B. & Kendall, C. (1994) Apoptotic death of peripheral leucocytes in channel catfish: effects of confinement-induced stress. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 6, 64–69.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Burger, C.J., Rikihisa, Y. & Young, C.L. (1986) Taenia taeniaformis: Inhibition of mitogen induced proliferation and interlukin-2 production in rat splenocytes by larval in vitro product. Experimental Parasitology 62, 216–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Chubb, J.C. & Yeomans, W.E. (1995) Khawia sinensis Hsu, 1935 (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea), a tapeworm new to the British Isles: a threat to carp fisheries? Fisheries Management and Ecology 2, 263–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Davydov, V.G. & Poddubnaya, L.G. (1988) [Functional morphology of the frontal and uterine glands of some Caryophyllidea.] Parazitologiya 22, 449–457 [in Russian].Google ScholarPubMed

Goldstein, P., Ojcius, D.M. & Young, J.D.E. (1991) Cell death mechanisms and the immune system. Immunological Reviews 121, 29–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Greenlee, A.R., Brown, R.A. & Ristow, S.S. (1991) Nonspecific cytotoxic cells of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) kill Yac-1 targets by both necrotic and apoptic mechanisms. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 15, 153–164.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Hammerberg, B. & Williams, J.F. (1978) Physicochemical characterization of complement interacting factors from Taenia taeniaeformis. Journal of Immunology 120, 1039–1045.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Judson, D.T., Dixon, J.B. & Skerritt, G.C. (1987) Occurrence and biochemical characteristics of cestode mitogens. Parasitology 94, 151–160.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Kapustina, N.I. (1978) [Host-parasite relationships in the system _Khawia sinensis_–carp in low intensity infection.] Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Instituta Prudovogo Rybnogo Khozyaistva (Parazity, bolezni ryb i ikh parazity) 27, 75–87 [in Russian].Google Scholar

Lopes, M.F., Daveiga, V.F., Santos, A.R., Fonseca, M.E.F. & Dosreis, G.A. (1995) Activation-induced CD4(+) T-cell death by apoptosis in experimental Chagas disease. Journal of Immunology 154, 744–752.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Meseguer, J.M., Esteban, M.A. & Mulero, V. (1996) Nonspecific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the seawater teleosts (Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax): ultrastructural study of target cell death mechanisms. The Anatomical Record 244, 499–505.3.0.CO;2-Q>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Moore, K.J., Turco, S.J. & Matlashewski, G. (1994) Leishmania donovani infection enhances macrophage viability in the absence of exogenous growth-factor. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 55, 91–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Morley, N.J. & Hoole, D. (1995) Ultrastructural studies on the host-parasite interface between Khawia sinensis (Cestoda: Caryophyllidea) and carp (Cyprinus carpio). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 23, 93–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Nie, P., Hoole, D. & Arme, C. (1996) Proliferation of pronephric lymphocytes of carp, Cyprinus carpio L. induced by extracts of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi Yamaguti, 1934 (Cestoda). Journal of Helminthology 70, 127–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Niemczuk, W. (1991). [Histological and histochemical-enzymatical changes in internal organs of the carp infected with tapeworms, Khawia sinensis or Bothriocephalus acheilognathi.] Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej we Wroclawia Wetertgnaria 47, 21–42. [in Polish]Google Scholar

Richards, D.T., Hoole, D., Lewis, J.W., Ewens, E. & Arme, C. (1996) Stimulation of carp Cyprinus carpio lymphocytes in vitro by the blood fluke Sanguinicola inermis (Trematoda: Sanguinicolidae). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 25, 87–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Rikihisa, Y., Letonja, T., Pratt, N. & Lin, Y.C. (1984) Taenia taeniaeformis: Characterization of larval metabolic products and growth of host gastric cells in vitro. Experimental Parasitology 58, 230–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Rikihisa, Y., Letonja, T. & Fukaya, T. (1985) Taenia taeniaeformis: inhibition of rat testosterone production by excretory-secretory product of the cultured metacestode. Experimental Parasitology 59, 390–397.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Sapozhnikov, G.I. (1973) [A clinical study of Khawia sinensis infection in carp.] in Gagarin, V.G. (Ed.) Problemy obshchei i prikladnoi gel'mintologii. Moscow, USSR; Izdatel'stov “Nauka”. pp.331–336. [in Russian].Google Scholar

Taylor, M.J. & Hoole, D. (1994) Modulation of fish lymphocyte proliferation by extracts and isolated proteinase inhibitors of Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda). Fish and Shellfish Immunology 4, 221–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Touré, Baldè A.T., Sarthou, J-L. & Roussilhon, C. (1995) Acute Plasmodium falciparum infection is associated with increased percentages of apoptotic cells. Immunology Letters 46, 59–62.Google Scholar

Wyllie, A.H. (1988) Apoptosis. ISI Atlas of Science: Immunology 1, 192–196.Google Scholar