Cytokines as a stressor: implications for depressive illness (original) (raw)

Journal Article

,

Institute of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Address for correspondence: Dr H. Anisman, Life Science Research Building, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada. Tel.: (613) 520-2699_Fax_:

(613) 520-4052

E-mail: hanisman@ccs.carleton.ca

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Institute of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

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Institute of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

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School of Psychology and Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

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Received:

09 December 2001

Revision received:

28 April 2002

Published:

01 December 2002

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Hymie Anisman, Shawn Hayley, Nicolas Turrin, Zul Merali, Cytokines as a stressor: implications for depressive illness, International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2002, Pages 357–373, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145702003097
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Abstract

Stressful events have been implicated in the provocation of depressive illness. Inasmuch as immunological challenge, and particularly cytokine administration, engender neuroendocrine and central neurochemical changes reminiscent of those provoked by psychogenic stressors, it was suggested that immune activation may also contribute to affective illness. The present report provides a brief overview of the neurochemical sequelae of acute and repeated interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-2 treatment, describes some of the synergisms associated with these treatments, as well as their potential interactions with psychogenic stressors. In addition, a discussion is provided concerning the fact that cytokines, like stressors, may have time-dependent proactive effects, so that re-exposure to the treatments provoke greatly augmented neurochemical changes (sensitization). Given that the effects of cytokines are evident within hypothalamic, as well as extrahypothalamic sites, including various limbic regions, it is suggested that cytokines may impact on emotional changes, including depression.

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© 2002 Collegium Internationale Neuropsychopharmacologicum

Topic:

• cytokine
• tumor necrosis factors
• aldesleukin
• emotions
• depressive disorders
• hypothalamus
• interleukins
• neurosecretory systems
• stressor
• sensitization
• tumor necrosis
• stressful events

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