The Southern Ocean biogeochemical divide (original) (raw)
References
Sarmiento, J. L. & Toggweiler, J. R. A new model for the role of the oceans in determining atmospheric _p_CO2 . Nature308, 620–624 (1984) ArticleADS Google Scholar
Knox, F. & McElroy, M. B. Changes in atmospheric CO2: Influence of the marine biota at high latitude. J. Geophys. Res.89, 4629–4637 (1984) ArticleADSCAS Google Scholar
Siegenthaler, U. & Wenk, T. H. Rapid atmospheric CO2 variations and ocean circulation. Nature308, 624–626 (1984) ArticleADSCAS Google Scholar
Joos, F., Sarmiento, J. L. & Siegenthaler, U. Estimates of the effect of Southern Ocean iron fertilization on atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Nature349, 772–775 (1991) ArticleADSCAS Google Scholar
Sarmiento, J. L. & Orr, J. C. Three-dimensional ocean model simulations of the impact of Southern Ocean nutrient depletion on atmospheric CO2 and ocean chemistry. Limnol. Oceanogr.36, 1928–1950 (1991) ArticleADSCAS Google Scholar
Marinov, I. Controls on the Air-Sea Balance of Carbon Dioxide. PhD thesis, Princeton Univ. (2005) Google Scholar
Caldeira, K. & Duffy, P. B. The role of the Southern Ocean in uptake and storage of anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Science287, 620–622 (2000) ArticleADSCASPubMed Google Scholar
Sarmiento, J. L., Gruber, N., Brzezinski, M. A. & Dunne, J. P. High-latitude controls of thermocline nutrients and low latitude biological productivity. Nature427, 56–60 (2004) ArticleADSCASPubMed Google Scholar
Sigman, D. M. & Boyle, E. A. Glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Nature407, 859–869 (2000) ArticleADSCASPubMed Google Scholar
Toggweiler, J. R., Russell, J. L. & Carson, S. R. Mid-latitude westerlies, atmospheric CO2 and climate change during the Ice Ages. Paleoceanography21, PA2005, doi:10.1029/2005PA001154 (2006)
Kohfeld, K. E., Le Quere, C., Harrison, S. P. & Anderson, R. F. Role of marine biology in glacial-interglacial CO2 cycles. Science308, 74–78 (2005) ArticleADSCASPubMed Google Scholar
Gordon, A. in Antarctic Oceanology I (ed. Reid, J. L.) Antarctic Res. Ser. Vol. 15, 169–203 (American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, 1971) Book Google Scholar
Toggweiler, J. R. & Samuels, B. Effect of Drake Passage on the global thermohaline circulation. Deep-sea Res. I42, 477–500 (1995) Article Google Scholar
Wyrtki, K. The thermohaline circulation in relation to the general circulation in the oceans. Deep-Sea Res.8, 39–64 (1961) ADS Google Scholar
Sverdrup, H. U., Johnson, M. W. & Fleming, R. H. The Oceans, Their Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology (Prentice-Hall, New York, 1942) Google Scholar
Schmitz, W. J. On the interbasin-scale thermohaline circulation. Rev. Geophys.33, 151–173 (1995) ArticleADS Google Scholar
Ito, T. & Follows, M. J. Preformed phosphate, soft tissue pump and atmospheric CO2 . J. Mar. Res.63, 813–839, doi:10.1357/0022240054663231 (2005) ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Dutkiewicz, S., Follows, M. J. & Parekh, P. Interactions of the iron and phosphorus cycles: a three dimensional model study. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles19, GB1021, doi:10.1029/2004GB002342 (2005)
Toggweiler, J. R., Dixon, K. & Broecker, W. S. The Peru upwelling and the ventilation of the South Pacific thermocline. J. Geophys. Res.96, 20467–20497 (1991) ArticleADSCAS Google Scholar
Toggweiler, J. R., Murnane, R., Carson, S., Gnanadesikan, A. & Sarmiento, J. L. Representation of the carbon cycle in box models and GCMs–Part 2. Organic pump. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles17, 1027, doi:10.1029/2001GB001841 (2003) ADS Google Scholar
Toggweiler, J. R. Variation of atmospheric CO2 by ventilation of the ocean's deepest water. Paleoceanography14, 571–588 (1999) ArticleADS Google Scholar
Martin, J. H. Glacial-interglacial CO2 change: the iron hypothesis. Paleoceanography5, 1–13 (1990) ArticleADS Google Scholar
Stephens, B. B. & Keeling, R. F. The influence of Antarctic sea ice on glacial–interglacial CO2 variations. Nature404, 171–174 (2000) ArticleADSCASPubMed Google Scholar
Gnanadesikan, A., Slater, R. D., Gruber, N. & Sarmiento, J. L. Oceanic vertical exchange and new production: a comparison between models and observations. Deep Sea Res. II49, 363–401 (2002) ArticleADS Google Scholar
Gnanadesikan, A., Slater, R. D. & Samuels, B. L. Sensitivity of water mass transformation and heat transport to subgridscale mixing in coarse-resolution ocean models. Geophys. Res. Lett.30, 1967, doi:10.1029/2003GL018036 (2003) ArticleADS Google Scholar
Sloyan, B. M. & Rintoul, S. R. The Southern Ocean limb of the global deep overturning circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr.31, 143–173 (2001) ArticleADS Google Scholar