Onset of deglacial warming in West Antarctica driven by local orbital forcing (original) (raw)
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by US National Science Foundation (NSF). The authors appreciate the support of the WAIS Divide Science Coordination Office (M. Twickler and J. Souney) for the collection and distribution of the WAIS Divide ice core; Ice Drilling and Design and Operations (K. Dahnert) for drilling; the National Ice Core Laboratory (B. Bencivengo) for curating the core; Raytheon Polar Services (M. Kippenhan) for logistics support in Antarctica; and the 109th New York Air National Guard for airlift in Antarctica. We also thank C. Buizert and S. Marcott for discussions. The following individual NSF grants supported this work: 0944197 (E.D.W., H. Conway); 1043092, 0537930 (E.J.S.); 0944348, 0944191, 0440817, 0440819, 0230396 (K.C.T.); 0538427, 0839093 (J.R.M.); 1043518 (E.J.B.); 1043500 (T.S.); 05379853, 1043167 (J.W.C.W.); 1043528, 0539578 (R.B.A.); 0539232 (K.M.C., G.D.C.); 1103403 (R.L.E., H. Conway); 0739780 (R.E.); 0637211 (G.H.); 0538553, 0839066 (J.C.-D.), 0538657, 1043421 (J.P.S.); 1043313 (M.K.S.); 0801490 (G.J.W). Other support came from a NASA NESSF award (T.J.F.), the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Program (G.D.C., J.J.F.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41230524 to H. Cheng) and the Singapore National Research Foundation (NRFF2011-08 to X.W.).
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Author notes
- Affiliations for participants:
Authors and Affiliations
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USA
T. J. Fudge, Eric J. Steig, Bradley R. Markle, Spruce W. Schoenemann, Qinghua Ding, Howard Conway, Peter Neff, Andrew J. Schauer & Edwin D. Waddington - Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USA
Eric J. Steig & Qinghua Ding - Desert Research Institute, Nevada System of Higher Education, Reno, 89512, Nevada, USA
Kendrick C. Taylor, Joseph R. McConnell, Olivia J. Maselli, Kenneth C. McGwire & Michael Sigl - College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, Oregon, USA
Edward J. Brook, Jon S. Edwards, James E. Lee & Logan E. Mitchell - Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, Pennsylvania, USA
Todd Sowers, Richard B. Alley, John M. Fegyveresi & Donald E. Voigt - Department of Geological Sciences and Department of Environmental Studies, Boulder, 80309, Colorado, USA
James W. C. White - INSTAAR, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, Colorado, USA
James W. C. White & Bruce H. Vaughn - Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, Pennsylvania, USA
Richard B. Alley, John M. Fegyveresi & Donald E. Voigt - Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China
Hai Cheng - Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, Minnesota, USA
Hai Cheng & R. Lawrence Edwards - US Geological Survey, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Lakewood, 80225, Colorado, USA
Gary D. Clow - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA.,
Jihong Cole-Dai & David Ferris - Department of Geography, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, 94720, USA
Kurt M. Cuffey - Department of Imaging and Applied Physics, Curtin University, Perth, 6102, Western Australia, Australia
Ross Edwards - US Geological Survey, Denver, 80225, Colorado, USA
Joan J. Fitzpatrick - Ice Drilling Design and Operations, Space Science Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, 53706, Wisconsin, USA
Jay Johnson & Nicolai Mortensen - US Geologic Survey, National Ice Core Laboratory, Denver, 80225, Colorado, USA
Geoffrey Hargreaves - EMECH Designs, Brooklyn, 53521, Wisconsin, USA
William Mason - Antarctic Research Centre, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
Peter Neff - Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92037, California, USA
Anais J. Orsi & Jeffrey P. Severinghaus - Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,
Trevor J. Popp - Department of Geology and Physics, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste Marie, Michigan 49783, USA.,
Matthew K. Spencer - Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798.,
Xianfeng Wang - Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.,
Gifford J. Wong
Consortia
WAIS Divide Project Members
- T. J. Fudge
- , Eric J. Steig
- , Bradley R. Markle
- , Spruce W. Schoenemann
- , Qinghua Ding
- , Kendrick C. Taylor
- , Joseph R. McConnell
- , Edward J. Brook
- , Todd Sowers
- , James W. C. White
- , Richard B. Alley
- , Hai Cheng
- , Gary D. Clow
- , Jihong Cole-Dai
- , Howard Conway
- , Kurt M. Cuffey
- , Jon S. Edwards
- , R. Lawrence Edwards
- , Ross Edwards
- , John M. Fegyveresi
- , David Ferris
- , Joan J. Fitzpatrick
- , Jay Johnson
- , Geoffrey Hargreaves
- , James E. Lee
- , Olivia J. Maselli
- , William Mason
- , Kenneth C. McGwire
- , Logan E. Mitchell
- , Nicolai Mortensen
- , Peter Neff
- , Anais J. Orsi
- , Trevor J. Popp
- , Andrew J. Schauer
- , Jeffrey P. Severinghaus
- , Michael Sigl
- , Matthew K. Spencer
- , Bruce H. Vaughn
- , Donald E. Voigt
- , Edwin D. Waddington
- , Xianfeng Wang
- & Gifford J. Wong
Contributions
The manuscript was written by T.J.F., E.J.S. and B.R.M. K.C.T. organized the WAIS Divide Project. T.J.F., K.C.T and T.J.P. made the electrical measurements and developed the electrical timescale with K.C.M. E.J.S., J.W.C.W., A.J.S., P.N., B.H.V. and S.W.S. measured the stable-isotope record. J.R.M., M.S., O.J.M. and R.E. developed the chemistry timescale and measured Na. E.J.B., T.S., L.E.M., J.S.E. and J.E.L. made the methane measurements. G.D.C. and K.M.C. measured the borehole temperature profile. J.C.-D. and D.F. provided an independent timescale for the brittle ice. Q.D., S.W.S. and E.J.S. performed the climate modelling. T.J.F., E.D.W., H. Conway and K.M.C. performed the ice-flow modelling to determine the accumulation rate. H. Cheng, R.L.E., X.W., J.P.S. and T.J.F. made comparisons with the Hulu cave timescale. M.K.S., J.J.F., J.M.F., D.E.V. and R.B.A. examined the physical properties of the core. W.M., J.J. and N.M. designed the drill. G.H. designed core-processing techniques. A.J.O., B.H.V., D.E.V., K.C.T., T.J.P. and G.J.W. led collection and processing of the core in the field.
Corresponding author
Correspondence toT. J. Fudge.
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WAIS Divide Project Members. Onset of deglacial warming in West Antarctica driven by local orbital forcing.Nature 500, 440–444 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12376
- Received: 04 January 2013
- Accepted: 12 June 2013
- Published: 14 August 2013
- Issue Date: 22 August 2013
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12376