Meta-analysis and imputation refines the association of 15q25 with smoking quantity (original) (raw)

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Acknowledgements

GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), a pharmaceuticals company that is interested in developing new cessation therapies for smoking, funded a postdoctoral fellowship for J.Z.L. at Oxford University. GSK also funded the collection, characterization, and, in some cases, the genotyping and genotype data preparation for several of the cohorts used in this study. A. Roses and P. Matthews played crucial roles in establishing and funding the Medical Genetics activities at GSK. Acknowledgments that are specific to individual cohorts are given in the Supplementary Note.

Author information

Author notes

1. Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.

Authors and Affiliations

1. Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
   Jason Z Liu & Jonathan Marchini
2. Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, Verona, Italy
   Federica Tozzi, Pierandrea Muglia & Clyde Francks
3. Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Merion, Pennsylvania, USA
   Dawn M Waterworth, Sreekumar G Pillai, Xin Yuan & Vincent Mooser
4. Division of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Imperial College London, UK
   Lefkos Middleton
5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
   Wade Berrettini
6. Genetics Division, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
   Christopher W Knouff
7. University Hospital Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
   Gérard Waeber, Peter Vollenweider & Martin Preisig
8. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
   Gérard Waeber & Peter Vollenweider
9. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
   Martin Preisig
10. Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
    Nicholas J Wareham, Jing Hua Zhao & Ruth J F Loos
11. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
    Inês Barroso & Carl A Anderson
12. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
    Kay-Tee Khaw
13. Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
    Scott Grundy
14. The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
    Philip Barter
15. Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
    Robert Mahley
16. American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
    Robert Mahley
17. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
    Antero Kesaniemi
18. Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
    Antero Kesaniemi
19. Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Ruth McPherson
20. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    John B Vincent, John Strauss & James L Kennedy
21. Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King′s College London, London, UK
    Anne Farmer & Peter McGuffin
22. Division of Medical Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
    Richard Day & Keith Matthews
23. Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
    Per Bakke & Amund Gulsvik
24. Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
    Susanne Lucae, Marcus Ising, Tanja Brueckl & Sonja Horstmann
25. Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
    H-Erich Wichmann, Rajesh Rawal & Claudia Lamina
26. Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
    H-Erich Wichmann
27. Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
    Norbert Dahmen
28. Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
    Claudia Lamina
29. School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia
    Ozren Polasek & Ivana Kolcic
30. Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
    Lina Zgaga, James F Wilson, Sarah H Wild, Harry Campbell & Igor Rudan
31. Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Genetics Unit, Edinburgh, UK
    Jennifer Huffman, Susan Campbell, Veronique Vitart, Caroline Hayward & Alan F Wright
32. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
    Jaspal Kooner
33. Division of Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
    John C Chambers
34. Cardiovascular Research Institute, MedStar Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
    Mary Susan Burnett, Joseph M Devaney, Augusto D Pichard, Kenneth M Kent, Lowell Satler, Joseph M Lindsay, Ron Waksman & Stephen Epstein
35. The Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    Muredach P Reilly, Robert Wilensky, William Matthai & Daniel J Rader
36. The Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    Muredach P Reilly & Daniel J Rader
37. Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    Mingyao Li & Liming Qu
38. The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    Hakon H Hakonarson
39. Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
    Andre Franke, Michael Wittig & Arne Schäfer
40. Istituto di Neurogenetica e Neurofarmacologia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
    Manuela Uda & Fabio Busonero
41. National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
    Antonio Terracciano & David Schlessinger
42. Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
    Xiangjun Xiao & Paul Scheet
43. Department of Mental Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
    David St Clair
44. Division of Molecular and Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
    Dan Rujescu
45. Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
    Gonçalo R Abecasis
46. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
    Hans Jörgen Grabe
47. Interfacultary Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
    Alexander Teumer
48. Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
    Henry Völzke
49. Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
    Astrid Petersmann
50. Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
    Ulrich John
51. Croatian Centre for Global Health, University of Split, Split, Croatia
    Igor Rudan
52. Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
    Benjamin J Wright & John R Thompson
53. Mulitdisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), Leeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics (LIGHT), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
    Anthony J Balmforth & Alistair S Hall
54. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
    Nilesh J Samani
55. Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, Exeter, UK
    Tariq Ahmad
56. Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
    Christopher G Mathew
57. Gastroenterology Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
    Miles Parkes
58. Gastrointestinal Unit, Molecular Medicine Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
    Jack Satsangi
59. Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
    Mark Caulfield & Patricia B Munroe
60. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
    Martin Farrall
61. Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.,
    Anna Dominiczak
62. arc Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
    Jane Worthington, Wendy Thomson, Steve Eyre & Anne Barton
63. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
    Clyde Francks

Authors

1. Jason Z Liu
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2. Federica Tozzi
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3. Dawn M Waterworth
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4. Sreekumar G Pillai
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5. Pierandrea Muglia
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6. Lefkos Middleton
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7. Wade Berrettini
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8. Christopher W Knouff
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9. Xin Yuan
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10. Gérard Waeber
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11. Peter Vollenweider
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12. Martin Preisig
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13. Nicholas J Wareham
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14. Jing Hua Zhao
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15. Ruth J F Loos
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16. Inês Barroso
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17. Kay-Tee Khaw
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18. Scott Grundy
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19. Philip Barter
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20. Robert Mahley
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21. Antero Kesaniemi
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22. Ruth McPherson
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23. John B Vincent
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24. John Strauss
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25. James L Kennedy
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26. Anne Farmer
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27. Peter McGuffin
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28. Richard Day
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37. Rajesh Rawal
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38. Norbert Dahmen
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Consortia

The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium

Contributions

J.Z.L. carried out most of the analysis for this study. J.M. and C.F. conceived and directed this study and wrote the manuscript. F.T., D.M.W. and V.M. were involved in study design and helped to coordinate the inclusion of many of the GSK cohorts. S.G.P., P. Muglia, L.M., W.B., C.W.K., X.Y., G.W., P.V., M. Preisig, N.J.W., J.H.Z., R.J.F.L., I.B., K.-T.K., S.G., P. Barter, R. Mahley, A.K., R. McPherson, J.B.V., J. Strauss, J.L.K., A. Farmer, P. McGuffin, R.D., K.M., P. Bakke, A.G., S.L., M.I., T.B., S.H., H.-E.W., R.R., N.D., C.L., O.P., L.Z., J.H., S.C., J.K., J.C.C., M.S.B., J.M.D., A.D.P., K.M.K.. L.S., J.M.L., R. Waksman, S. Epstein, J.F.W., S.H.W., H.C., V.V., M.P.R., M.L., L.Q., R. Wilensky, W.M., H.H.H., D.J.R., A. Franke, M.W., A.S., M.U., A. Terracciano, X.X., F.B., P.S., D.S., D.St.C., D.R., G.R.A., H.J.G., A. Teumer, H.V., A.P., U.J., I.R., C.H., A.F.W., I.K., B.J.W., J.R.T., A.J.B., A.S.H., N.J.S., C.A.A., T.A., C.G.M., M. Parkes, J. Satsangi, M.C., P.B.M., M.F., A.D., J.W., W.T., S. Eyre, A.B. and W.T.C.C.C. prepared and shared data sets and, in some cases, cohort-specific results from their own primary analysis.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence toClyde Francks or Jonathan Marchini.

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Competing interests

F.T., C.F., D.M.W., V.M., P.M., S.G.P. and C.W.K either are or were full-time employees of the company GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). GSK also funded several aspects of the study as detailed in the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS section.

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A full list of members is provided in the Supplementary Note.

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Liu, J., Tozzi, F., Waterworth, D. et al. Meta-analysis and imputation refines the association of 15q25 with smoking quantity.Nat Genet 42, 436–440 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.572

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• Received: 19 October 2009
• Accepted: 18 March 2010
• Published: 25 April 2010
• Issue Date: May 2010
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.572