Lapidot, T., Dar, A. & Kollet, O. How do stem cells find their way home? Blood published online 12 May 2005 (10.1182/blood-2005-04-1417).
Papayannopoulou, T. Current mechanistic scenarios in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell mobilization. Blood103, 1580–1585 (2004). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Zhang, J. et al. Identification of the haematopoietic stem cell niche and control of the niche size. Nature425, 836–841 (2003). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Simmons, P.J., Levesque, J.P. & Zannettino, A.C. Adhesion molecules in haemopoiesis. Baillieres Clin. Haematol.10, 485–505 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Levesque, J.P. & Simmons, P.J. Cytoskeleton and integrin-mediated adhesion signaling in human CD34+ hemopoietic progenitor cells. Exp. Hematol.27, 579–586 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Lapidot, T. & Petit, I. Current understanding of stem cell mobilization: the roles of chemokines, proteolytic enzymes, adhesion molecules, cytokines, and stromal cells. Exp. Hematol.30, 973–981 (2002). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Cancelas, J.A. et al. Peripheral blood CD34+ cell immunomagnetic selection in breast cancer patients: effect on hematopoietic progenitor content and hematologic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy and autotransplantation. Transfusion38, 1063–1070 (1998). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Christopherson, K.W., Cooper, S., Hangoc, G. & Broxmeyer, H.E. CD26 is essential for normal G-CSF-induced progenitor cell mobilization as determined by CD26−/− mice. Exp. Hematol.31, 1126–1134 (2003). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Gu, Y. et al. Hematopoietic cell regulation by Rac1 and Rac2 guanosine triphosphatases. Science302, 445–449 (2003). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Yang, F.C. et al. Rac and Cdc42 GTPases control hematopoietic stem cell shape, adhesion, migration, and mobilization. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA98, 5614–5618 (2001). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Didsbury, J., Weber, R.F., Bokoch, G.M., Evans, T. & Snyderman, R. rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinum toxin substrates. J. Biol. Chem.264, 16378–16382 (1989). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Haataja, L., Groffen, J. & Heisterkamp, N. Characterization of RAC3, a novel member of the Rho family. J. Biol. Chem.272, 20384–20388 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Johnson, D.I. Cdc42: An essential Rho-type GTPase controlling eukaryotic cell polarity. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.63, 54–105 (1999). CASPubMedPubMed Central Google Scholar
Yang, F.C. et al. Rac2 stimulates Akt activation affecting BAD/Bcl-XL expression while mediating survival and actin function in primary mast cells. Immunity12, 557–568 (2000). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Gu, Y. et al. Biochemical and biological characterization of a human Rac2 GTPase mutant associated with phagocytic immunodeficiency. J. Biol. Chem.276, 15929–15938 (2001). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Roberts, A.W. et al. Deficiency of the hematopoietic cell-specific Rho family GTPase Rac2 is characterized by abnormalities in neutrophil function and host defense. Immunity10, 183–196 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Filippi, M.D. et al. Localization of Rac2 via the C terminus and aspartic acid 150 specifies superoxide generation, actin polarity and chemotaxis in neutrophils. Nat. Immunol.5, 744–751 (2004). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Papayannopoulou, T., Brice, M. & Stamatoyannopoulos, G. Hemoglobin F synthesis in vitro: evidence for control at the level of primitive erythroid stem cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA74, 2923–2927 (1977). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Peled, A. et al. Dependence of human stem cell engraftment and repopulation of NOD/SCID mice on CXCR4. Science283, 845–848 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Driessen, R.L., Johnston, H.M. & Nilsson, S.K. Membrane-bound stem cell factor is a key regulator in the initial lodgment of stem cells within the endosteal marrow region. Exp. Hematol.31, 1284–1291 (2003). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Jansen, M., Yang, F.C., Cancelas, J.A., Bailey, J.R. & Williams, D.A. _Rac2_-deficient hematopoietic stem cells show defective interaction with the hematopoietic microenvironment and long-term engraftment failure. Stem Cells23, 335–346 (2005). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Scott, L.M., Priestley, G.V. & Papayannopoulou, T. Deletion of alpha4 integrins from adult hematopoietic cells reveals roles in homeostasis, regeneration, and homing. Mol. Cell. Biol.23, 9349–9360 (2003). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Gao, Y., Dickerson, J.B., Guo, F., Zheng, J. & Zheng, Y. Rational design and characterization of a Rac GTPase-specific small molecule inhibitor. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA101, 7618–7623 (2004). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Roberts, A.W. et al. Genetic influences determining progenitor cell mobilization and leukocytosis induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Blood89, 2736–2744 (1997). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Ploemacher, R.E., van der Sluijs, J.P., van Beurden, C.A., Baert, M.R. & Chan, P.L. Use of limiting-dilution type long-term marrow cultures in frequency analysis of marrow-repopulating and spleen colony-forming hematopoietic stem cells in the mouse. Blood78, 2527–2533 (1991). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Gazitt, Y. Homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic cancer cells are mirror image processes, utilizing similar signaling pathways and occurring concurrently: circulating cancer cells constitute an ideal target for concurrent treatment with chemotherapy and antilineage-specific antibodies. Leukemia18, 1–10 (2004). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Levesque, J.P., Hendy, J., Winkler, I.G., Takamatsu, Y. & Simmons, P.J. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces the release in the bone marrow of proteases that cleave c-KIT receptor (CD117) from the surface of hematopoietic progenitor cells. Exp. Hematol.31, 109–117 (2003). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Boggs, D.R. The total marrow mass of the mouse: a simplified method of measurement. Am. J. Hematol.16, 277–286 (1984). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Nilsson, S.K., Johnston, H.M. & Coverdale, J.A. Spatial localization of transplanted hemopoietic stem cells: inferences for the localization of stem cell niches. Blood97, 2293–2299 (2001). ArticleCAS Google Scholar