Maintenance of pluripotency in human and mouse embryonic stem cells through activation of Wnt signaling by a pharmacological GSK-3-specific inhibitor (original) (raw)

• Smith, A.G. Embryo-derived stem cells: of mice and men. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 17, 435–462 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Rossant, J. Stem cells from the mammalian blastocyst. Stem Cells 19, 477–482 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Martin, G.R. Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78, 7634–7638 (1981).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Evans, M.J. & Kaufman, M.H. Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. Nature 292, 154–156 (1981).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Thomson, J.A. et al. Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science 282, 1145–1147 (1998).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Reubinoff, B.E., Pera, M.F., Fong, C.Y., Trounson, A. & Bongso, A. Embryonic stem cell lines from human blastocysts: somatic differentiation in vitro. Nat. Biotechnol. 18, 399–404 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hori, Y. et al. Growth inhibitors promote differentiation of insulin-producing tissue from embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 16105–16110 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kim, J.H. et al. Dopamine neurons derived from embryonic stem cells function in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. Nature 418, 50–56 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Sato, N. et al. Molecular signature of human embryonic stem cells and its comparison with the mouse. Dev. Biol. 260, 404–413 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Meijer, L. et al. GSK-3 selective inhibitors derived from Tyrian purple indirubins. Chem. Biol. (in the press).
• Xu, C. et al. Feeder-free growth of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 19, 971–974 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Okamoto, K. et al. A novel octamer binding transcription factor is differentially expressed in mouse embryonic cells. Cell 60, 461–472 (1990).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Scholer, H.R., Ruppert, S., Suzuki, N., Chowdhury, K. & Gruss, P. New type of POU domain in germ line-specific protein Oct-4. Nature 344, 435–439 (1990).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Rosner, M.H. et al. A POU-domain transcription factor in early stem cells and germ cells of the mammalian embryo. Nature 345, 686–692 (1990).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Niwa, H., Burdon, T., Chambers, I. & Smith, A. Self-renewal of pluripotent embryonic stem cells is mediated via activation of STAT3. Genes Dev. 12, 2048–2060 (1998).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ramalho-Santos, M., Yoon, S., Matsuzaki, Y., Mulligan, R.C. & Melton, D.A. “Stemness”: transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells. Science 298, 597–600 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Brivanlou, A.H. & Darnell, J.E., Jr. Signal transduction and the control of gene expression. Science 295, 813–818 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• van Es, J.H., Barker, N. & Clevers, H. You Wnt some, you lose some: oncogenes in the Wnt signaling pathway. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev. 13, 28–33 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Moon, R.T., Bowerman, B., Boutros, M. & Perrimon, N. The promise and perils of Wnt signaling through β-catenin. Science 296, 1644–1646 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Doble, B.W. & Woodgett, J.R. GSK-3: tricks of the trade for a multi-tasking kinase. J. Cell Sci. 116, 1175–1186 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Korinek, V. et al. Constitutive transcriptional activation by a β-catenin-Tcf complex in APC−/− colon carcinoma. Science 275, 1784–1787 (1997).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Tetsu, O. & McCormick, F. Beta-catenin regulates expression of cyclin D1 in colon carcinoma cells. Nature 398, 422–426 (1999).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Nagai, T. et al. A variant of yellow fluorescent protein with fast and efficient maturation for cell-biological applications. Nat. Biotechnol. 20, 87–90 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hosler, B.A., LaRosa, G.J., Grippo, J.F. & Gudas, L.J. Expression of REX-1, a gene containing zinc finger motifs, is rapidly reduced by retinoic acid in F9 teratocarcinoma cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 9, 5623–5629 (1989).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Molenaar, M. et al. XTcf-3 transcription factor mediates β-catenin-induced axis formation in Xenopus embryos. Cell 86, 391–399 (1996).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Vonica, A. & Gumbiner, B.M. Zygotic Wnt activity is required for Brachyury expression in the early Xenopus laevis embryo. Dev. Biol. 250, 112–127 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Chambers, I. et al. Functional expression cloning of nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells. Cell 113, 643–655 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Mitsui, K. et al. The homeoprotein Nanog is required for maintenance of pluripotency in mouse epiblast and ES cells. Cell 113, 631–642 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Itskovitz-Eldor, J. et al. Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies compromising the three embryonic germ layers. Mol. Med. 6, 88–95 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kawasaki, H. et al. Generation of dopaminergic neurons and pigmented epithelia from primate ES cells by stromal cell-derived inducing activity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1580–1585 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Dani, C. et al. Paracrine induction of stem cell renewal by LIF-deficient cells: a new ES cell regulatory pathway. Dev. Biol. 203, 149–162 (1998).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Niwa, H. Molecular mechanism to maintain stem cell renewal of ES cells. Cell Struct. Funct. 26, 137–148 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Niwa, H., Miyazaki, J. & Smith, A.G. Quantitative expression of Oct-3/4 defines differentiation, dedifferentiation or self-renewal of ES cells. Nat. Genet. 24, 372–376 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Huelsken, J. et al. Requirement for β-catenin in anterior-posterior axis formation in mice. J. Cell Biol. 148, 567–578 (2000).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Conacci-Sorrell, M.E. et al. Nr-CAM is a target gene of the β-catenin/LEF-1 pathway in melanoma and colon cancer and its expression enhances motility and confers tumorigenesis. Genes Dev. 16, 2058–2072 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Lloyd, S., Fleming, T.P. & Collins, J.E. Expression of Wnt genes during mouse preimplantation development. Gene Expr. Patterns 3, 309–312 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Korinek, V. et al. Depletion of epithelial stem-cell compartments in the small intestine of mice lacking Tcf-4. Nat. Genet. 19, 379–383 (1998).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Kubo, F., Takeichi, M. & Nakagawa, S. Wnt2b controls retinal cell differentiation at the ciliary marginal zone. Development 130, 587–598 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Gat, U., DasGupta, R., Degenstein, L. & Fuchs, E. De novo hair follicle morphogenesis and hair tumors in mice expressing a truncated β-catenin in skin. Cell 95, 605–614 (1998).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Merrill, B.J., Gat, U., DasGupta, R. & Fuchs, E. Tcf3 and Lef1 regulate lineage differentiation of multipotent stem cells in skin. Genes Dev. 15, 1688–1705 (2001).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Chenn, A. & Walsh, C.A. Regulation of cerebral cortical size by control of cell cycle exit in neural precursors. Science 297, 365–369 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Reya, T. et al. A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells. Nature 423, 409–414 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Giles, R.H., van Es, J.H. & Clevers, H. Caught up in a Wnt storm: Wnt signaling in cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1653, 1–24 (2003).
  CAS Google Scholar
• Kielman, M.F. et al. Apc modulates embryonic stem-cell differentiation by controlling the dosage of β-catenin signaling. Nat. Genet. 32, 594–605 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Aubert, J., Dunstan, H., Chambers, I. & Smith, A. Functional gene screening in embryonic stem cells implicates Wnt antagonism in neural differentiation. Nat. Biotechnol. 20, 1240–1245 (2002).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ding, S. et al. Synthetic small molecules that control stem cell fate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 7632–7637 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Willert, K. et al. Wnt proteins are lipid-modified and can act as stem cell growth factors. Nature 423, 448–452 (2003).
  Article CAS Google Scholar