Insulin resistance syndrome in a representative sample of children and adolescents from Quebec, Canada (original) (raw)

• Tremblay MS, Willms JD . Secular trends in the body mass index of Canadian children. CMAJ 2000; 163: 1429–1433.
  CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL . Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999–2000. JAMA 2002; 288: 1723–1727.
  Article Google Scholar
• Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL . Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999–2000. JAMA 2002; 288: 1728–1732.
  Article Google Scholar
• Katzmarzyk PT . The Canadian obesity epidemic, 1985–1998. CMAJ 2002; 166: 1039–1040.
  PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
• Kahn BB, Flier JS . Obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2000; 106: 473–481.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Reaven GM . Pathophysiology of insulin resistance in human disease. Physiol Rev 1995; 75: 473–486.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Ford ES, Giles WH, Dietz WH . Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 2002; 287: 356–359.
  Article Google Scholar
• Chen W, Srinivasan SR, Elkasabany A, Berenson GS . Cardiovascular risk factors clustering features of insulin resistance syndrome (Syndrome X) in a biracial (Black–White) population of children, adolescents, and young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 667–674.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Batey LS, Goff Jr DC, Tortolero SR, Nichaman MZ, Chan W, Chan FA, Grunbaum J, Hanis CL, Labarthe DR . Summary measures of the insulin resistance syndrome are adverse among Mexican-American versus non-Hispanic white children: the Corpus Christi Child Heart Study. Circulation 1997; 96: 4319–4325.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Raitakari OT, Porkka KV, Rönnemaa T, Knip M, Uhari M, Akerblom HK, Viikari JS . The role of insulin in clustering of serum lipids and blood pressure in children and adolescents. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Diabetologia 1995; 38: 1042–1050.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Sinaiko AR, Jacobs Jr DR, Steinberger J, Moran A, Luepker R, Rocchini AP, Prineas RJ . Insulin resistance syndrome in childhood: associations of the euglycemic insulin clamp and fasting insulin with fatness and other risk factors. J Pediatr 2001; 139: 700–707.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Guillaume M, Lapidus L, Beckers F, Lambert A, Bjorntorp P . Cardiovascular risk factors in children from the Belgian province of Luxembourg. The Belgian Luxembourg Child Study. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144: 867–880.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• McGarry JD . Dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2002; 51: 7–18.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Paradis G, Lambert M, O'Loughlin J, Lavallée C, Aubin J, Berthiaume P, Ledoux M, Delvin EE, Levy E, Hanley JA . The Quebec child and adolescent health and social survey: design and methods of a cardiovascular risk factor survey for youth. Can J Cardiol 2003; 19: 523–531.
  PubMed Google Scholar
• Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS . Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18: 499–502.
  CAS Google Scholar
• Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC . Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28: 412–419.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Himes JH, Dietz WH . Guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services: recommendations from an expert committee. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 59: 307–316.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Fagot-Campagna A, Saaddine JB, Flegal KM, Beckles GL . Diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and elevated HbA1c in U.S. adolescents: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diab Care 2001; 24: 834–837.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH . Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 2000; 320: 1240–1243.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children Adolescents. Update on the 1987 task force report on high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1996; 98: 649–658.
• Gray RS, Fabsitz RR, Cowan LD, Lee ET, Howard BV, Savage PJ . Risk factor clustering in the insulin resistance syndrome. The Strong Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 148: 869–878.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hanson RL, Imperatore G, Bennett PH, Knowler WC . Components of the ‘metabolic syndrome’ and incidence of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2002; 51: 3120–3127.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Hanley AJ, Karter AJ, Festa A, D'Agostino Jr R, Wagenknecht LE, Savage P, Tracy RP, Saad MF, Haffner S . Factor analysis of metabolic syndrome using directly measured insulin sensitivity: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Diabetes 2002; 51: 2642–2647.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Smoak CG, Burke GL, Webber LS, Harsha DW, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS . Relation of obesity to clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 1987; 125: 364–372.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001; 285: 2486–2497.
• Law MR, Wald NJ . Risk factor thresholds: their existence under scrutiny. BMJ 2002; 324: 1570–1576.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Srinivasan SR, Myers L, Berenson GS . Predictability of childhood adiposity and insulin for developing insulin resistance syndrome (syndrome X) in young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes 2002; 51: 204–209.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Meigs JB . Invited commentary: insulin resistance syndrome? Syndrome X? Multiple metabolic syndrome? A syndrome at all? Factor analysis reveals patterns in the fabric of correlated metabolic risk factors. Am J Epidemiol 2000; 152: 908–911.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Charles MA, Fontbonne A, Thibult N, Claude JR, Warnet JM, Rosselin G, Ducimetière P, Eschwege E . High plasma nonesterified fatty acids are predictive of cancer mortality but not of coronary heart disease mortality: results from the Paris prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 2001; 153: 292–298.
  Article CAS Google Scholar
• Pirro M, Mauriege P, Tchernof A, Cantin B, Dagenais GR, Després JP, Lamarche B . Plasma free fatty acid levels and the risk of ischemic heart disease in men: prospective results from the Quebec Cardiovascular Study. Atherosclerosis 2002; 160: 377–384.
  Article CAS Google Scholar