Deficiency or inhibition of Gas6 causes platelet dysfunction and protects mice against thrombosis (original) (raw)
Schneider, C., King, R.M. & Philipson, L. Genes specifically expressed at growth arrest of mammalian cells. Cell54, 787–793 (1988). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Manfioletti, G., Brancolini, C., Avanzi, G. & Schneider, C. The protein encoded by a growth arrest-specific gene (gas6) is a new member of the vitamin K-dependent proteins related to protein S, a negative coregulator in the blood coagulation cascade. Mol. Cell. Biol.13, 4976–4985 (1993). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Dahlback, B. Protein S and C4b-binding protein: components involved in the regulation of the protein C anticoagulant system. Thromb. Haemost.66, 49–61 (1991). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Borgel, D., Gandrille, S. & Aiach, M. Protein S deficiency. Thromb. Haemost.78, 351–356 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Nakano, T. et al. Cell adhesion to phosphatidylserine mediated by a product of growth arrest-specific gene 6. J. Biol. Chem.272, 29411–29414 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Varnum, B.C. et al. Axl receptor tyrosine kinase stimulated by the vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by growth-arrest-specific gene 6. Nature373, 623–626 (1995). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Godowski, P.J. et al. Reevaluation of the roles of protein S and Gas6 as ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinase Rse/Tyro 3. Cell82, 355–358 (1995). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Nagata, K. et al. Identification of the product of growth arrest-specific gene 6 as a common ligand for Axl, Sky, and Mer receptor tyrosine kinases. J. Biol. Chem.271, 30022–30027 (1996). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Crosier, K.E. & Crosier, P.S. New insights into the control of cell growth; the role of the AxI family. Pathology29, 131–135 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Chen, J., Carey, K. & Godowski, P.J. Identification of Gas6 as a ligand for Mer, a neural cell adhesion molecule related receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in cellular transformation. Oncogene14, 2033–2039 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Goruppi, S., Ruaro, E. & Schneider, C. Gas6, the ligand of Axl tyrosine kinase receptor, has mitogenic and survival activities for serum starved NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Oncogene12, 471–80 (1996). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Li, R. et al. Identification of Gas6 as a growth factor for human Schwann cells. J. Neurosci.16, 2012–2019 (1996). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Nakano, T. et al. Vascular smooth muscle cell-derived, Gla-containing growth-potentiating factor for Ca(2+)-mobilizing growth factors. J. Biol. Chem.270, 5702–5705 (1995). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Fridell, Y.W., Villa, J., Jr., Attar, E.C. & Liu, E.T. GAS6 induces Axl-mediated chemotaxis of vascular smooth muscle cells. J. Biol. Chem.273, 7123–7126 (1998). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
McCloskey, P. et al. GAS6 mediates adhesion of cells expressing the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl. J. Biol. Chem.272, 23285–23291 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Lu, Q. et al. Tyro-3 family receptors are essential regulators of mammalian spermatogenesis. Nature398, 723–728 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Rao, A.K. & Gabbeta, J. Congenital disorders of platelet signal transduction. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.20, 285–289 (2000). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Herbert, J.M., Bernat, A. & Maffrand, J.P. Importance of platelets in experimental venous thrombosis in the rat. Blood80, 2281–2286 (1992). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Matsuno, H. et al. Effects of vapiprost, a novel thromboxane receptor antagonist, on thrombus formation and vascular patency after thrombolysis by tissue-type plasminogen activator. Br. J. Pharmacol.106, 533–538 (1992). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Evenas, P., Garcia de Frutos, P., Nicolaes, G.A. & Dahlback, B. The second laminin G-type domain of protein S is indispensable for expression of full cofactor activity in activated protein C-catalysed inactivation of factor Va and factor VIIIa. Thromb. Haemost.84, 271–277 (2000). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Offermanns, S., Toombs, C.F., Hu, Y.H. & Simon, M.I. Defective platelet activation in G α(q)-deficient mice. Nature389, 183–186 (1997). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Bennett, J.S. Integrin structure and function in hemostasis and thrombosis. Ann. NY Acad. Sci.614, 214–228 (1991). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Avanzi, G.C. et al. GAS6, the ligand of Axl and Rse receptors, is expressed in hematopoietic tissue but lacks mitogenic activity. Exp. Hematol.25, 1219–1226 (1997). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Ishimoto, Y. & Nakano, T. Release of a product of growth arrest-specific gene 6 from rat platelets. FEBS Lett.466, 197–199 (2000). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Marcus, A.J. Platelets and their disorders. in Disorders of Hemostasis (eds. Ratnoff, O.D. & Forbes, C.D.) 79–137 (W.B. Sauders, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1996). Google Scholar
Mark, M.R., Chen, J., Hammonds, R.G., Sadick, M. & Godowsk, P.J. Characterization of Gas6, a member of the superfamily of G domain-containing proteins, as a ligand for Rse and Axl. J. Biol. Chem.271, 9785–9789 (1996). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
DiMinno, G. & Silver, M.J. Mouse antithrombotic assay: a simple method for the evaluation of antithrombotic agents in vivo. Potentiation of antithrombotic activity by ethyl alcohol. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.225, 57–60 (1983). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Neubauer, A. et al. Expression of axl, a transforming receptor tyrosine kinase, in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Blood84, 1931–1941 (1994). CASPubMed Google Scholar
O'Donnell, K., Harkes, I.C., Dougherty, L. & Wicks, I.P. Expression of receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and its ligand Gas6 in rheumatoid arthritis: evidence for a novel endothelial cell survival pathway. Am. J. Pathol.154, 1171–1180 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Gabbeta, J. et al. Abnormal inside-out signal transduction-dependent activation of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa in a patient with impaired pleckstrin phosphorylation. Blood87, 1368–76 (1996). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Fabre, J.E. et al. Decreased platelet aggregation, increased bleeding time and resistance to thrombo embolism in P2Y1-deficient mice. Nature Med.5, 1199–1202 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Leon, C. et al. Defective platelet aggregation and increased resistance to thrombosis in purinergic P2Y(1) receptor-null mice. J. Clin. Invest.104, 1731–1737 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Carmeliet, P. et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene-deficient mice. I. Generation by homologous recombination and characterization. J. Clin. Invest.92, 2746–2755 (1993). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Vogel, G.M., Meuleman, D.G., Bourgondien, F.G. & Hobbelen, P.M. Comparison of two experimental thrombosis models in rats effects of four glycosaminoglycans. Thromb. Res.54, 399–410 (1989). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Umemura, K., Nishiyama, H., Kikuchi, S., Kondo, K. & Nakashima, M. Inhibitory effect of a novel orally active GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor, SC-54684A on intimal thickening in the guinea pig femoral artery. Thromb. Haemost.76, 799–806 (1996). Article Google Scholar
Kawasaki, T., Kaida, T., Arnout, J., Vermylen, J. & Hoylaerts, M.F. A new animal model of thrombophilia confirms that high plasma factor VIII levels are thrombogenic. Thromb. Haemost.81, 306–3011 (1999). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Stassen, J.M., Vanlinthout, I., Lijnen, H.R. & Collen, D. A hamster pulmonary embolism model for the evaluation of the thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties of thrombolytic agents. Fibrinolysis4, Supp., 15–21 (1990). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Dejana, E., Callioni, A., Quintana, A. & de Gaetano, G. Bleeding time in laboratory animals. II - A comparison of different assay conditions in rats. Thromb. Res.15, 191–197 (1979). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Grinnell, B.W. et al. γ-carboxylated isoforms of recombinant human protein S with different biologic properties. Blood76, 2546–2554 (1990). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Yan, S.B. Review of conformation-specific affinity purification methods for plasma vitamin K-dependent proteins. J. Mol. Recognit.9, 211–218 (1996). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Savi, P. et al. Role of P2Y1 purinoceptor in ADP-induced platelet activation. FEBS Lett.422, 291–295 (1998). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Graham, D.K., Dawson, T.L., Mullaney, D.L., Snodgrass, H.R. & Earp, H.S. Cloning and mRNA expression analysis of a novel human protooncogene, c-mer. Cell Growth. Differ.5, 647–657 (1994). CASPubMed Google Scholar
Roth, J. Postembedding labeling on Lowicryl K4M tissue sections: detection and modification of cellular components. Methods Cell. Biol.31, 513–551 (1989). ArticleCAS Google Scholar
Lupu, F. et al. Localization and production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human healthy and atherosclerotic arteries. Arterioscler. Thromb.13, 1090–1100 (1993). ArticleCAS Google Scholar