The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an attentional account (original) (raw)

References

1. Rugg, M. D. in The Cognitive Neurosciences (ed. Gazzaniga, M. S.) 789–801 (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1995).
   Google Scholar
2. Cabeza, R. & Nyberg, L. Imaging cognition II: an empirical review of 275 PET and fMRI studies. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12, 1–47 (2000).
   CAS PubMed Google Scholar
3. Cabeza, R. Role of posterior parietal regions in episodic memory retrieval: the dual attentional processes hypothesis. Neuropsychologia 46, 1813–1827 (2008).
   PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
4. Ciaramelli, E., Grady, C. L. & Moscovitch, M. Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory: a hypothesis (AtoM) on the role of the posterior parietal cortex in memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia 46, 1828–1851 (2008).
   PubMed Google Scholar
5. Rudge, P. & Warrington, E. K. Selective impairment of memory and visual perception in splenial tumours. Brain 114, 349–360 (1991).
   PubMed Google Scholar
6. Valenstein, E. et al. Retrosplenial amnesia. Brain 110, 1631–1646 (1987).
   PubMed Google Scholar
7. von Cramon, D. Y. & Schuri, U. The septo-hippocampal pathways and their relevance to human memory: a case report. Cortex 28, 411–422 (1992).
   CAS PubMed Google Scholar
8. Cavada, C. & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. Posterior parietal cortex in rhesus monkey: II. Evidence for segregated corticocortical networks linking sensory and limbic areas with the frontal lobe. J. Comp. Neurol. 287, 422–445 (1989).
   CAS PubMed Google Scholar
9. Lewis, J. W. & van Essen, D. C. Corticocortical connections of visual, sensorimotor, and multimodal processing areas in the parietal lobe of the macaque monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 428, 112–137 (2000).
   CAS PubMed Google Scholar
10. Petrides, M. & Pandya, D. N. Projections to the frontal cortex from the posterior parietal region in the rhesus monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 228, 105–116 (1984).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
11. Petrides, M. & Pandya, D. N. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis in the human and the macaque brain and corticocortical connection patterns. Eur. J. Neurosci. 11, 1011–1036 (1999).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
12. Schmahmann, J. D. et al. Association fibre pathways of the brain: parallel observations from diffusion spectrum imaging and autoradiography. Brain 130, 630–653 (2007).
    Google Scholar
13. Kobayashi, Y. & Amaral, D. G. Macaque monkey retrosplenial cortex: II. Cortical afferents. J. Comp. Neurol. 466, 48–79 (2003).
    PubMed Google Scholar
14. Morris, R., Pandya, D. N. & Petrides, M. Fiber system linking the mid-dorsolateral frontal cortex with the retrosplenial/presubicular region in the rhesus monkey. J. Comp. Neurol. 407, 183–192 (1999).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
15. Blatt, G. J., Pandya, D. N. & Rosene, D. L. Parcellation of cortical afferents to three distinct sectors in the parahippocampal gyrus of the rhesus monkey: an anatomical and neurophysiological study. J. Comp. Neurol. 466, 161–179 (2003).
    PubMed Google Scholar
16. Clower, D. M., West, R. A., Lynch, J. C. & Strick, P. L. The inferior parietal lobule is the target of output from the superior colliculus, hippocampus, and cerebellum. J. Neurosci. 21, 6283–6291 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
17. Insausti, R. & Munoz, M. Cortical projections of the non-entorhinal hippocampal formation in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Eur. J. Neurosci. 14, 435–451 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
18. Lavenex, P., Suzuki, W. A. & Amaral, D. G. Perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices of the macaque monkey: projections to the neocortex. J. Comp. Neurol. 447, 394–420 (2002).
    PubMed Google Scholar
19. Munoz, M. & Insausti, R. Cortical efferents of the entorhinal cortex and the adjacent parahippocampal region in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Eur. J. Neurosci. 22, 1368–1388 (2005).
    PubMed Google Scholar
20. Rockland, K. S. & Van Hoesen, G. W. Some temporal and parietal cortical connections converge in CA1 of the primate hippocampus. Cereb. Cortex 9, 232–237 (1999).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
21. Suzuki, W. A. & Amaral, D. G. Perirhinal and parahippocampal cortices of the macaque monkey: cortical afferents. J. Comp. Neurol. 350, 497–533 (1994).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
22. Vincent, J. L. et al. Coherent spontaneous activity identifies a hippocampal-parietal memory network. J. Neurophysiol. 96, 3517–3531 (2006).
    PubMed Google Scholar
23. Corbetta, M. & Shulman, G. L. Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3, 201–215 (2002). This article introduces an influential cognitive-neuroscience model of attention that distinguishes between a dorsal frontoparietal system that mediates top-down attention and a ventral frontoparietal system that mediates bottom-up attention. The AtoM model proposed in this article extends the dorsal–ventral distinction in the parietal cortex to the episodic retrieval domain.
    CAS Google Scholar
24. Milner, A. D. & Goodale, M. A. The visual brain in action (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1995).
    Google Scholar
25. Mishkin, M., Ungerleider, L. G. & Macko, K. A. Object vision and spatial vision: two cortical pathways. Trends Neurosci. 6, 414–417 (1983).
    Google Scholar
26. Posner, M. I. & Petersen, S. E. The attention system of the human brain. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 13, 25–42 (1990).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
27. Bisiach, E. & Luzzatti, C. Unilateral neglect of representational space. Cortex 14, 129–133 (1978).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
28. Danckert, J. & Ferber, S. Revisiting unilateral neglect. Neuropsychologia 44, 987–1006 (2006).
    PubMed Google Scholar
29. Driver, J. & Vuilleumier, P. Perceptual awareness and its loss in unilateral neglect and extinction. Cognition 79, 39–88 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
30. Vallar, G. Spatial hemineglect in humans. Trends Cogn. Sci. 2, 87–97 (1998).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
31. Pavani, F., Ladavas, E. & Driver, J. Auditory and multisensory aspects of visuospatial neglect. Trends Cogn. Sci. 7, 407–414 (2003).
    PubMed Google Scholar
32. Driver, J. & Mattingley, J. B. Parietal neglect and visual awareness. Nature Neurosci. 1, 17–22 (1998).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
33. Critchley, M. The Parietal lobes (Arnold, London, 1953).
    Google Scholar
34. Berryhill, M. E., Phuong, L., Picasso, L., Cabeza, R. & Olson, I. R. Parietal lobe and episodic memory: bilateral damage causes impaired free recall of autobiographical memory. J. Neurosci. 27, 14415–14423 (2007). This study reported the first evidence of significant deficits in episodic-memory retrieval following parietal lesions. Consistent with the AtoM model, patients with bilateral ventral parietal lesions showed a deficit in spontaneously reporting details in their autobiographical memories but could provide these details when probed.
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
35. Davidson, P. S. R. et al. Does lateral parietal cortex support episodic memory? Evidence from focal lesion patients. Neuropsychologia 46, 1743–1755 (2008). This study demonstrated that patients with unilateral parietal lesions show deficits in experiencing recollection, even when they show normal source-memory performance when tested with specific probes. This pattern is consistent with the AtoM model.
    PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
36. Yonelinas, A. P. The nature of recollection and familiarity: a review of 30 years of research. J. Mem. Lang. 46, 441–517 (2002).
    Google Scholar
37. Simons, J. S. et al. Is the parietal lobe necessary for recollection in humans? Neuropsychologia 46, 1185–1191 (2008). This study showed that unilateral parietal lesions, which overlap with regions that are activated during source-memory tasks, do not significantly impair source-memory performance.
    PubMed Google Scholar
38. Haramati, S., Soroker, N., Dudai, Y. & Levy, D. A. The posterior parietal cortex in recognition memory: a neuropsychological study. Neuropsychologia 46, 1756–1766 (2008). This study investigated patients with lesions that included the parietal cortex. Patients with left-hemisphere lesions were not impaired in recognition memory for words, pictures and sounds.
    PubMed Google Scholar
39. Rossi, S. et al. Prefrontal and parietal cortex in human episodic memory: an interference study by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Eur. J. Neurosci. 23, 793–800 (2006). This study did not find a significant effect of TMS stimulation on episodic-retrieval performance.
    PubMed Google Scholar
40. Kapur, S. et al. Functional role of the prefrontal cortex in retrieval of memories: a PET study. Neuroreport 6, 1880–1884 (1995).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
41. Tulving, E. et al. Neuroanatomical correlates of retrieval in episodic memory: auditory sentence recognition. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91, 2012–2015 (1994).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
42. Schacter, D. L., Alpert, N. M., Savage, C. R., Rauch, S. L. & Albert, M. S. Conscious recollection and the human hippocampal formation: evidence from positron emission tomography. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 93, 321–325 (1996).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
43. Fletcher, P. C. et al. The mind's eye—precuneus activation in memory related imagery. Neuroimage 2, 195–200 (1995).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
44. Buckner, R. L., Raichle, M. E., Miezin, F. M. & Petersen, S. E. PET studies of the recall of pictures and words from memory. Abstr. Soc. Neurosci. 21, 1441 (1995).
    Google Scholar
45. Moscovitch, M., Kapur, S., Köhler, S. & Houle, S. Distinct neural correlates of visual long-term memory for spatial location and object identity: a positron emission tomography (PET) study in humans. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 92, 3721–3725 (1995).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
46. Cabeza, R. et al. Brain regions differentially involved in remembering what and when: a PET study. Neuron 19, 863–870 (1997).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
47. Buckner, R. L. et al. Functional-anatomic study of episodic retrieval. II. Selective averaging of event-related fMRI trials to test the retrieval success hypothesis. Neuroimage 7, 163–175 (1998).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
48. Konishi, S., Wheeler, M. E., Donaldson, D. I. & Buckner, R. L. Neural correlates of episodic retrieval success. Neuroimage 12, 276–286 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
49. Rugg, M. D. & Henson, R. N. A. in The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Encoding and Retrieval (eds Parker, A. E., Wilding, E. L. & Bussey, T.) 3–37 (Psychology Press, Hove, 2002).
    Google Scholar
50. Eldridge, L. L., Knowlton, B. J., Furmanski, C. S., Bookheimer, S. Y. & Engle, S. A. Remembering episodes: a selective role for the hippocampus during retrieval. Nature Neurosci. 3, 1149–1152 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
51. Henson, R. N. A., Rugg, M. D., Shallice, T., Josephs, O. & Dolan, R. J. Recollection and familiarity in recognition memory: an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J. Neurosci. 19, 3962–3972 (1999).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
52. Wheeler, M. A. & Buckner, R. L. Functional dissociation among components of remembering: control, perceived oldness, and content. J. Neurosci. 23, 3869–3880 (2003). This article introduced the perceived-oldness hypothesis of parietal contributions to episodic retrieval.
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
53. Kahn, I., Davachi, L. & Wagner, A. D. Functional-neuroanatomic correlates of recollection: implications for models of recognition memory. J. Neurosci. 24, 4172–4180 (2004).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
54. Dobbins, I. G., Foley, H., Schacter, D. L. & Wagner, A. D. Executive control during episodic retrieval: multiple prefrontal processes subserve source memory. Neuron 35, 989–996 (2002).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
55. Dobbins, I. G., Rice, H. J., Wagner, A. D. & Schacter, D. L. Memory orientation and success: separable neurocognitive components underlying episodic recognition. Neuropsychologia 41, 318–333 (2003).
    PubMed Google Scholar
56. Dobbins, I. G. & Wagner, A. D. Domain-general and domain-sensitive prefrontal mechanisms for recollecting events and detecting novelty. Cereb. Cortex 15, 1768–1778 (2005).
    PubMed Google Scholar
57. Wagner, A., Shannon, B., Kahn, I. & Buckner, R. Parietal lobe contributions to episodic memory retrieval. Trends Cogn. Sci. 9, 445–453 (2005). This article reviews fMRI evidence of and theoretical accounts about the role of the parietal cortex in episodic retrieval.
    PubMed Google Scholar
58. Baddeley, A. Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 4, 829–839 (2003).
    CAS Google Scholar
59. Vilberg, K. L. & Rugg, M. D. Memory retrieval and the parietal cortex: a review of evidence from event-related fMRI. Neuropsychologia 46, 1787–1799 (2008). This article includes a meta-analysis of fMRI activations during episodic retrieval and attributes the role of the ventral parietal cortex to a working-memory module known as the episodic buffer.
    PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
60. Wheeler, M. E. & Buckner, R. L. Functional-anatomic correlates of remembering and knowing. Neuroimage 21, 1337–1349 (2004). Using the remember–know paradigm, this fMRI study demonstrated that recollection engages ventral parietal regions, whereas familiarity engages more dorsal parietal regions.
    PubMed Google Scholar
61. Yonelinas, A. P., Otten, L. J., Shaw, K. N. & Rugg, M. D. Separating the brain regions involved in recollection and familiarity in recognition memory. J. Neurosci. 25, 3002–3008 (2005).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
62. Daselaar, S. M., Fleck, M. S. & Cabeza, R. E. Triple dissociation in the medial temporal lobes: recollection, familiarity, and novelty. J. Neurophysiol. 96, 1902–1911 (2006).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
63. Kim, H. & Cabeza, R. Trusting our memories: dissociating the neural correlates of confidence in veridical vs. illusory memories. J. Neurosci. 27, 12190–12197 (2007).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
64. Moritz, S., Glascher, J., Sommer, T., Buchel, C. & Braus, D. F. Neural correlates of memory confidence. Neuroimage 33, 1188–1193 (2006).
    PubMed Google Scholar
65. Skinner, E. L. & Fernandes, M. A. Neural correlates of recollection and familiarity: a review of neuroimaging and patient data. Neuropsychologia 45, 2163–2179 (2007).
    PubMed Google Scholar
66. Corbetta, M., Kincade, J. M., Ollinger, J. M., McAvoy, M. P. & Shulman, G. L. Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex. Nature Neurosci. 3, 292–297 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
67. Clark, V. P., Fannon, S., Lai, S., Benson, R. & Bauer, L. Responses to rare visual target and distractor stimuli using event-related fMRI. J. Neurophysiol. 83, 3133–3139 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
68. Downar, J., Crawley, A. P., Mikulis, D. J. & Davis, K. D. A multimodal cortical network for the detection of changes in the sensory environment. Nature Neurosci. 3, 277–283 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
69. Downar, J., Crawley, A. P., Mikulis, D. J. & Davis, K. D. The effect of task relevance on the cortical response to changes in visual and auditory stimuli: an event-related fMRI study. Neuroimage 14, 1256–1267 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
70. Kiehl, K. A., Laurens, K. R., Duty, T. L., Forster, B. B. & Liddle, P. F. Neural sources involved in auditory target detection and novelty processing: an event-related fMRI study. Psychophysiology 38, 133–142 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
71. Marois, R., Leung, H. C. & Gore, J. C. A stimulus-driven approach to object identity and location processing in the human brain. Neuron 25, 717–728 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
72. Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Gray, J. R., Molfese, D. L. & Snyder, A. Anterior cingulate cortex and response conflict: effects of frequency, inhibition and errors. Cereb. Cortex 11, 825–836 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
73. Corbetta, M., Patel, G. & Shulman, G. L. The reorienting system of the human brain: from environment to theory of mind. Neuron 58, 306–324 (2008).
    CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
74. Cabeza, R. et al. Attention-related activity during episodic memory retrieval: a cross-function fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 41, 390–399 (2003).
    PubMed Google Scholar
75. Serences, J. T. et al. Coordination of voluntary and stimulus-driven attentional control in human cortex. Psychol. Sci. 16, 114–122 (2005).
    PubMed Google Scholar
76. Shulman, G. L., Ollinger, J. M., Linenweber, M., Petersen, S. E. & Corbetta, M. Multiple neural correlates of detection in the human brain. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 313–318 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
77. Milner, B. Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man. Br. Med. Bull. 27, 272–277 (1971).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
78. Arrington, C. M., Carr, T. H., Mayer, A. R. & Rao, S. M. Neural mechanisms of visual attention: object-based selection of a region in space. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12, 106–117 (2000).
    PubMed Google Scholar
79. Kincade, J. M., Abrams, R. A., Astafiev, S. V., Shulman, G. L. & Corbetta, M. An event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study of voluntary and stimulus-driven orienting of attention. J. Neurosci. 25, 4593–4604 (2005).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
80. Henson, R. N. A., Rugg, M. D., Shallice, T. & Dolan, R. J. Confidence in recognition memory for words: dissociating right prefrontal roles in episodic retrieval. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12, 913–923 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
81. Fleck, M. S., Daselaar, S. M., Dobbins, I. G. & Cabeza, R. Role of prefrontal and anterior cingulate regions in decision-making processes shared by memory and nonmemory tasks. Cereb. Cortex 16, 1623–1630 (2006).
    PubMed Google Scholar
82. Prince, S. E., Tsukiura, T., Daselaar, S. M. & Cabeza, R. Distinguishing the neural correlates of episodic memory encoding and semantic memory retrieval. Psychol. Sci. 18, 144–151 (2007).
    PubMed Google Scholar
83. Thompson-Schill, S. L., D'Esposito, M., Aguirre, G. K. & Farah, M. J. Role of left inferior prefrontal cortex in retrieval of semantic knowledge: a reevaluation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 14792–14797 (1997).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
84. Baddeley, A. The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory? Trends Cogn. Sci. 4, 417–423 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
85. Rotello, C. M. & Heit, E. Two-process models of recognition memory: evidence for recall-to-reject? J. Mem. Lang. 40, 432–453 (1999).
    Google Scholar
86. Moscovitch, M. Memory and working-with-memory: a component process model based on modules and central systems. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 4, 257–267 (1992).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
87. Moscovitch, M. in Memory Systems (eds Schacter, D. L. & Tulving, E.) 269–310 (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1994).
    Google Scholar
88. Jacoby, L. L., Woloshyn, V. & Kelley, C. M. Becoming famous without being recognized: unconscious influences of memory produced by divided attention. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 118, 115–125 (1989).
    Google Scholar
89. Kane, M. J. & Engle, R. W. Working-memory capacity, proactive interference, and divided attention: limits on long-term memory retrieval. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 26, 336–358 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
90. Moscovitch, M. Cognitive resources and dual-task interference effects at retrieval in normal people: the role of the frontal lobes and medial temporal cortex. Neuropsychology 8, 524–534 (1994).
    Google Scholar
91. Craik, F. I. M., Govoni, R., Naveh-Benjamin, M. & Anderson, N. D. The effects of divided attention on encoding and retrieval processes in human memory. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 125, 159–180 (1996).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
92. Fernandes, M. A. & Moscovitch, M. Divided attention and memory: evidence of substantial interference effects at retrieval and encoding. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 129, 155–176 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
93. Fox, M. D., Corbetta, M., Snyder, A. Z., Vincent, J. L. & Raichle, M. E. Spontaneous neuronal activity distinguishes human dorsal and ventral attention systems. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 10046–10051 (2006).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
94. Donaldson, D. I., Petersen, S. E. & Buckner, R. L. Dissociating memory retrieval processes using fMRI: evidence that priming does not support recognition memory. Neuron 31, 1047–1059 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
95. Donaldson, D. I., Petersen, S. E., Ollinger, J. M. & Buckner, R. L. Dissociating state and item components of recognition memory using fMRI. Neuroimage 13, 129–142 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
96. Henson, R. N., Hornberger, M. & Rugg, M. D. Further dissociating the processes involved in recognition memory: an fMRI study. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 17, 1058–1073 (2005).
    PubMed Google Scholar
97. Herron, J. E., Henson, R. N. & Rugg, M. D. Probability effects on the neural correlates of retrieval success: an fMRI study. Neuroimage 21, 302–310 (2004).
    PubMed Google Scholar
98. Maratos, E. J., Dolan, R. J., Morris, J. S., Henson, R. N. & Rugg, M. D. Neural activity associated with episodic memory for emotional context. Neuropsychologia 39, 910–920 (2001).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
99. McDermott, K. B., Jones, T. C., Petersen, S. E., Lageman, S. K. & Roediger, H. L. Retrieval success is accompanied by enhanced activation in anterior prefrontal cortex during recognition memory: an event-related fMRI study. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 12, 965–976 (2000).
    CAS PubMed Google Scholar
100. Ragland, J. D. et al. Event-related fMRI of frontotemporal activity during word encoding and recognition in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 161, 1004–1015 (2004).
     PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
101. Ragland, J. D., Valdez, J. N., Loughead, J., Gur, R. C. & Gur, R. E. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of internal source monitoring in schizophrenia: recognition with and without recollection. Schizophr. Res. 87, 160–171 (2006).
     PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
102. Shannon, B. J. & Buckner, R. L. Functional-anatomical correlates of memory retrieval that suggest nontraditional processing roles for multiple distinct regions within posterior neocortex. J. Neurosci. 24, 10084–10092 (2004).
     CAS PubMed Google Scholar
103. Tsukiura, T., Mochizuki-Kawai, K. & Fujii, T. The effect of encoding strategies on medial temporal lobe activations during the recognition of words: an event-related fMRI study. Neuroimage 25, 452–461 (2005).
     PubMed Google Scholar
104. von Zerssen, G. C., Mecklinger, A., Opitz, B. & von Cramon, D. J. Conscious recollection and illusory recognition: an event-related fMRI study. Eur. J. Neurosci. 13, 2148–2156 (2001).
     CAS PubMed Google Scholar
105. Leube, D. T., Erb, M., Grodd, W., Bartels, M. & Kircher, T. T. Successful episodic memory retrieval of newly learned faces activates a left fronto-parietal network. Cogn. Brain Res. 18, 97–101 (2003).
     Google Scholar
106. Leveroni, C. L. et al. Neural systems underlying the recognition of familiar and newly learned faces. J. Neurosci. 20, 878–886 (2000).
     CAS PubMed Google Scholar
107. Weis, S., Klaver, P., Reul, J., Elger, C. E. & Fernandez, G. Temporal and cerebellar brain regions that support both declarative memory formation and retrieval. Cereb. Cortex 14, 256–267 (2004).
     PubMed Google Scholar
108. Tulving, E. Memory and consciousness. Can. Psychol. 25, 1–12 (1985).
     Google Scholar
109. Fenker, D. B., Schott, B. H., Richardson-Klavehn, A., Heinze, H. J. & Duzel, E. Recapitulating emotional context: activation of amygdala, hippocampus and fusiform cortex during recollection and familiarity. Eur. J. Neurosci. 21, 1993–1999 (2005).
     PubMed Google Scholar
110. Montaldi, D., Spencer, T. J., Roberts, N. & Mayes, A. R. The neural system that mediates familiarity memory. Hippocampus 16, 504–520 (2006).
     PubMed Google Scholar
111. Johnson, J. D. & Rugg, M. D. Recollection and the reinstatement of encoding-related cortical activity. Cereb. Cortex 17, 2507–2515 (2007).
     PubMed Google Scholar
112. Vilberg, K. L. & Rugg, M. D. Dissociation of the neural correlates of recognition memory according to familiarity, recollection, and amount of recollected information. Neuropsychologia 45, 2216–2225 (2007).
     PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
113. Woodruff, C. C., Johnson, J. D., Uncapher, M. R. & Rugg, M. D. Content-specificity of the neural correlates of recollection. Neuropsychologia 43, 1022–1032 (2005).
     PubMed Google Scholar
114. Sharot, T., Delgado, M. R. & Phelps, E. A. How emotion enhances the feeling of remembering. Nature Neurosci. 7, 1376–1380 (2004).
     CAS PubMed Google Scholar
115. Cansino, S., Marquet, P., Dolan, R. J. & Rugg, M. D. Brain activity underlying encoding and retrieval of source memory. Cereb. Cortex 12, 1048–1056 (2002).
     PubMed Google Scholar
116. Kensinger, E. A. & Schacter, D. L. Neural processes underlying memory attribution on a reality-monitoring task. Cereb. Cortex 16, 1126–1133 (2006).
     PubMed Google Scholar
117. Iidaka, T., Matsumoto, A., Nogawa, J., Yamamoto, Y. & Sadato, N. Frontoparietal network involved in successful retrieval from episodic memory. Spatial and temporal analyses using fMRI and ERP. Cereb. Cortex 16, 1349–1360 (2006).
     PubMed Google Scholar
118. Daselaar, S. M., Fleck, M. S., Dobbins, I. G., Madden, D. J. & Cabeza, R. Effects of healthy aging on hippocampal and rhinal memory functions: an event-related fMRI study. Cereb. Cortex 16, 1771–1782 (2006).
     PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
119. Chua, E. F., Schacter, D. L., Rand-Giovannetti, E. & Sperling, R. A. Understanding metamemory: neural correlates of the cognitive process and subjective level of confidence in recognition memory. Neuroimage 29, 1150–1160 (2006).
     PubMed Google Scholar

Download references