Potato virus X, a filamentous plant viral nanoparticle for doxorubicin delivery in cancer therapy (original) (raw)
* Corresponding authors
a Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University Schools of Medicine and Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
E-mail: nicole.steinmetz@case.edu
b Department of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH-Aachen University, 52064 Aachen, Germany
c Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
d Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
e Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Engineering, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
f Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
Abstract
Plant viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are a novel class of nanocarriers with implications for drug delivery in cancer therapy. VNPs are characterized by their highly symmetrical nanoscale structures. Furthermore, plant VNPs are biocompatible, biodegradable, and non-infectious in mammals. VNPs provide a proteinaceous platform technology that can be readily engineered to carry contrast agents and therapies using chemical and genetic modifications. Of particular interest are high aspect ratio, elongated filaments such as the ones formed by potato virus X (PVX, measuring 515 × 13 nm). PVX has demonstrated enhanced tumor homing and penetration properties compared to spherical counterparts. Here, we sought to investigate the potential of PVX as a drug carrier delivering doxorubicin (DOX), a commonly used cancer chemotherapy. We synthesized therapeutic PVX nanoparticles using a simple in-solution mixing protocol; after 5 days of mixing of DOX and PVX and ultra-centrifugal purification, ∼1000 DOX per PVX were stably associated with the carrier, most likely based on hydrophobic interaction. Efficacy and drug activity of PVX–DOX were confirmed using a panel of cancer cell lines including ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer. Lastly, we demonstrated treatment of athymic mice bearing human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenografts: PVX–DOX treatment resulted in reduced tumor growth in this model. Our results open the door for further development of PVX and other high aspect ratio plant VNPs for applications in cancer therapy.
You have access to this article
Please wait while we load your content... Something went wrong. Try again?
Article information
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NR09099K
Article type
Paper
Submitted
22 Nov 2016
Accepted
16 Jan 2017
First published
19 Jan 2017
Download Citation
Nanoscale, 2017,9, 2348-2357
Permissions
Potato virus X, a filamentous plant viral nanoparticle for doxorubicin delivery in cancer therapy
D. H. T. Le, K. L. Lee, S. Shukla, U. Commandeur and N. F. Steinmetz,Nanoscale, 2017, 9, 2348DOI: 10.1039/C6NR09099K
To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.
If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.
If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.
Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.