Consumption of Fructose and High Fructose Corn Syrup Increase Postprandial Triglycerides, LDL-Cholesterol, and Apolipoprotein-B in Young Men and Women (original) (raw)

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1Department of Molecular Biosciences (K.L.S., G.C., T.H.F., V.L., R.I.M., P.J.H.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

2School of Veterinary Medicine, and Department of Nutrition (K.L.S., P.J.H., N.L.K.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

*Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Kimber L. Stanhope, Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616.

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3Department of Pediatrics (A.A.B.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

6Department of Pediatrics (A.A.B.), School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37204

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4Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (V.M.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

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7Lipid Metabolism Laboratory (K.N.), Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111

8Diagnostic Division (K.N., T.N.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo 101-8535, Japan

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9Denka Seiken Co., Ltd. (Y.I.), Tokyo103-0025, Japan

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8Diagnostic Division (K.N., T.N.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo 101-8535, Japan

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1Department of Molecular Biosciences (K.L.S., G.C., T.H.F., V.L., R.I.M., P.J.H.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

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1Department of Molecular Biosciences (K.L.S., G.C., T.H.F., V.L., R.I.M., P.J.H.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

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1Department of Molecular Biosciences (K.L.S., G.C., T.H.F., V.L., R.I.M., P.J.H.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

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1Department of Molecular Biosciences (K.L.S., G.C., T.H.F., V.L., R.I.M., P.J.H.), Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California 95616

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Published:

01 October 2011

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Kimber L. Stanhope, Andrew A. Bremer, Valentina Medici, Katsuyuki Nakajima, Yasuki Ito, Takamitsu Nakano, Guoxia Chen, Tak Hou Fong, Vivien Lee, Roseanne I. Menorca, Nancy L. Keim, Peter J. Havel, Consumption of Fructose and High Fructose Corn Syrup Increase Postprandial Triglycerides, LDL-Cholesterol, and Apolipoprotein-B in Young Men and Women, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 96, Issue 10, 1 October 2011, Pages E1596–E1605, https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1251
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Abstract

Context:

The American Heart Association Nutrition Committee recommends women and men consume no more than 100 and 150 kcal of added sugar per day, respectively, whereas the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, suggests a maximal added sugar intake of 25% or less of total energy.

Objective:

To address this discrepancy, we compared the effects of consuming glucose, fructose, or high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) at 25% of energy requirements (E) on risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Participants, Design and Setting, and Intervention:

Forty-eight adults (aged 18–40 yr; body mass index 18–35 kg/m2) resided at the Clinical Research Center for 3.5 d of baseline testing while consuming energy-balanced diets containing 55% E complex carbohydrate. For 12 outpatient days, they consumed usual ad libitum diets along with three servings per day of glucose, fructose, or HFCS-sweetened beverages (n = 16/group), which provided 25% E requirements. Subjects then consumed energy-balanced diets containing 25% E sugar-sweetened beverages/30% E complex carbohydrate during 3.5 d of inpatient intervention testing.

Main Outcome Measures:

Twenty-four-hour triglyceride area under the curve, fasting plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) concentrations were measured.

Results:

Twenty-four-hour triglyceride area under the curve was increased compared with baseline during consumption of fructose (+4.7 ± 1.2 mmol/liter × 24 h, P = 0.0032) and HFCS (+1.8 ± 1.4 mmol/liter × 24 h, P = 0.035) but not glucose (−1.9 ± 0.9 mmol/liter × 24 h, P = 0.14). Fasting LDL and apoB concentrations were increased during consumption of fructose (LDL: +0.29 ± 0.082 mmol/liter, P = 0.0023; apoB: +0.093 ± 0.022 g/liter, P = 0.0005) and HFCS (LDL: +0.42 ± 0.11 mmol/liter, P < 0.0001; apoB: +0.12 ± 0.031 g/liter, P < 0.0001) but not glucose (LDL: +0.012 ± 0.071 mmol/liter, P = 0.86; apoB: +0.0097 ± 0.019 g/liter, P = 0.90).

Conclusions:

Consumption of HFCS-sweetened beverages for 2 wk at 25% E increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease comparably with fructose and more than glucose in young adults.

Copyright © 2011 by The Endocrine Society

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