Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Exploits Inflammation to Compete with the Intestinal Microbiota (original) (raw)
Figure 7
Working Model for the Microbiota–Host–Pathogen Interaction in Health and Disease
Colonization resistance (or lack thereof) results from growth competition between microbiota and incoming pathogens. Host responses can skew growth conditions in the intestinal lumen in either direction. Left: the normal microbiota is shaped by mutually beneficial interactions with the intestinal mucosa and mediates colonization resistance against incoming pathogens. Right: S. Tm employs specific virulence factors for triggering colitis. Inflammation alters the luminal conditions and shifts the growth competition in favour of the pathogen, thus alleviating colonization resistance. Inhibitory effects on the microbiota (a) and/or improved growth conditions for the pathogen (b) may be involved. Furthermore, the microbiota–pathogen growth competition can be affected by antibiotic treatment or by pre-existing intestinal inflammation.