Coevolution and the Effects of Climate Change on Interacting Species (original) (raw)
Figure 4
Predation equilibrium densities and traits.
Equilibrium prey (solid lines) and predator (dashed lines) densities (A, B) and trait values (C, D) for different climatic conditions. Densities are scaled to equilibrium at E = 0. (A, C) The prey intrinsic rate of increase increases linearly with climate E, while the predation rate is unaffected. (B, D) The predation rate increases linearly with E, while the prey intrinsic rate of increase is unaffected. The _x_-axis for panels A and C represents the climatic effect on the intrinsic rate of increase of prey, bnE, and the _x_-axis for panels B and D represents the climatic effect on the predation rate, bpE. Red lines give eco-evolutionary equilibrium assuming high genetic variation (_V_1, _V_2>>0), and blue lines give the case of no coevolution (_V_1 = _V_2 = 0). Increases in either prey or predator trait values reduce per capita predation rate. Parameter values used were: R = 0.5, _Q_0 = 2, c = 0.25, f = 0.04, g = 0.04, and _m_0 = 0.005. Climate change effect parameters were either bp = 0.2 and bn = 0 (A, C) or bp = 0 and bn = 0.02 (B, D).