Female Bias in Rhox6 and 9 Regulation by the Histone Demethylase KDM6A (original) (raw)
Figure 1
Sexual dimorphism of Rhox6 and 9 and Kdm6a expression in ES cells and embryos.
(A) Rhox6 and 9 expression measured by qRT-PCR is higher in female (PGK12.1 and E8) than male (WD44 and E14) undifferentiated ES cells (***p<0.0001). Gene expression was normalized to 18s levels. (B) Rhox6 and 9 expression measured by qRT-PCR in female PGK12.1 ES cells and in male WD44 ES cells during ES cell differentiation. Gene expression was normalized to 18s levels. (C) Re-analyses of published expression array data in germ cells and somatic cells in sexed embryos (11.5–13.5 dpc) shows higher Rhox6 and 9 expression in female than male embryos (*p<0.05, **p<0.001) (see also Figure S2A). Endothelial, mesenchymal, and follicle cells were analyzed together as somatic cells (12 samples total). Values were normalized to the array mean. (D) Kdm6a expression measured by qRT-PCR is higher in female (PGK12.1 and E8) than male (WD44 and E14) undifferentiated ES cells (*p<0.05). Gene expression was normalized to 18s levels. (E) Western blot analysis confirms higher protein levels in female (PGK12.1 and E8) versus male (WD44 and E14) ES cells. β-ACTIN is used as a control. (F) Kdm6a expression measured by qRT-PCR in female PGK12.1 ES cells and in male WD44 ES cells is higher in undifferentiated female than male ES cells throughout differentiation (**p<0.001, ***p<0.0001). Gene expression was normalized to 18s levels. (G) Re-analyses of published expression array data in germ cells and somatic cells in sexed embryos (11.5–13.5 dpc) shows higher Kdm6a expression in female than male embryos (*p<0.05, **p<0.001, ***p<0.0001). Endothelial, mesenchymal, and follicle cells were analyzed together as somatic cells (12 samples total). was higher. Values were normalized to the array mean.