Housing Improvements and Malaria Risk in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multi-Country Analysis of Survey Data (original) (raw)
Fig 1
Reduction in the odds of malaria infection in children aged 0–5 y living in modern houses in sub-Saharan Africa.
Values to the left of the vertical line representing the null value indicate a reduction in the odds of malaria infection in modern housing compared to traditional housing. Data are taken from 15 Demographic and Health Surveys and 14 Malaria Indicator Surveys conducted between 2008 and 2015. Houses built with a finished wall, finished roof, and finished floor material were classified as modern, and all other houses were classified as traditional (S2 Appendix). ORs are adjusted for age, gender, insecticide-treated net use, indoor residual spraying in the past 12 mo (where measured), household wealth, and geographic cluster. Summary effects are from random effects analysis. Sub-groups show diagnostic test. Error bars show 95% confidence intervals. DRC, Democratic Republic of the Congo; OR, odds ratio; RDT, rapid diagnostic test.