Gene Disruption of Plasmodium falciparum p52 Results in Attenuation of Malaria Liver Stage Development in Cultured Primary Human Hepatocytes (original) (raw)
Figure 3
Invasion capacity of Wt and Δ_p52_ sporozoites in primary human hepatocytes in vitro.
(A) Intra (In) and extracellular (Ex) sporozoites 3 hrs after incubation of sporozoites with primary human hepatocytes in culture. Sporozoites were first stained with anti-PfCSP antibodies (red). Then cells were permeabilised and sporozoites were stained with anti-PfCSP antibodies (green). Consequently, extracellular sporozoites will stain red AND green and intracellular sporozoites will stain only green. Nuclei of the hepatocytes (white arrow heads) were stained with DAPI (B) The percentage of intracellular/invaded sporozoites (Wt and Δ_p52_ mutant lines) in primary human hepatocyte 3 hours after sporozoite incubation, as determined in the double anti-CSP staining immuno-fluorescence assay (see A). (C) The number of schizonts detected by IFA using anti-HSP70 antibodies and the nuclear dye DAPI formed 3 days after incubation with either Wt or Δ_p52_ mutant sporozoites. (D) The number of schizonts detected by IFA using anti-HSP70 antibodies and the nuclear dye DAPI formed 5 days after incubation with either Wt or Δ_p52_ mutant sporozoites.