Different Cranial Ontogeny in Europeans and Southern Africans (original) (raw)
Figure 5
GPA/PCA results for facial PC1.
(a) PC1 scores vs chronological age. Smoothing splines accounted for 83.4 and 68% of variation in the European and Southern African distributions, respectively. (b) PC1 scores vs dental age. (c) PC1 scores vs CS. (f) Frontal view of facial shape in extreme negative values (newborns = target), considering extreme positive values as the reference. (g) Frontal view of facial shape in extreme positive values (adults = target), considering extreme negative values as the reference. (g) Mean and 95% standard error for PC1 scores vs post-pubertal stages. Green: Europeans. Red: Southern Africans. Horizontal lines in a represent adult means: Europeans, solid line; Southern Africans, dotted line.