AMDE-1 Is a Dual Function Chemical for Autophagy Activation and Inhibition (original) (raw)
Fig 1
AMDE-1 can induce autophagy.
(A) The molecular structure of AMDE-1. (B-C) A549, wild type MEFs and Atg5 KO MEFs expressing GFP-LC3 were treated with or without AMDE-1 (10 μM) for 6 h, and then analyzed by GFP-LC3 puncta formation (B) or by immunoblotting (C). (D-E) A549, wild type MEFs and Atg5 KO MEFs were treated with 1 μM rapamycin (Rap) or 10 μM AMDE-1 for 6 h, followed by immunostaining with an anti-Atg16L1 antibody (D). Atg16L1 puncta were quantified (E). Values represent means ± SD from three independent experiments. ***: p<0.001. CM: control medium.