Inadequate Clearance of Translocated Bacterial Products in HIV-Infected Humanized Mice (original) (raw)
Figure 3
HIV-infected humanized mice had high levels of CD8+ T-cell activation.
Control (black symbols) or HIV-infected mice (white symbols) received normal drinking water (circles) or 0.75% DSS (squares) for 2 weeks. (A) Activation levels in the spleen were determined by flow cytometry of human HLA-DR and CD38 staining of CD45+CD8+ (one representative animal per group) and CD45+CD4+ splenocytes. (B) DSS treatment alone slightly increased activation levels of CD4+ (*, P = 0.004) and CD8+ cells (*, P = 0.007), over those in uninfected, untreated control mice. HIV infection drastically increased CD8+ cell activation in animals that received normal (***, P<0.0001) or DSS (***, P<0.0001) water (n = 50, pooled data from two independent experiments).