Balanced Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Activities of EDS1 Are Required for a Complete Plant Innate Immune Response (original) (raw)
Figure 5
Enhanced export of EDS1 from nuclei leads to reduced resistance.
(A) Western blot showing total EDS1 protein levels in wt plants and in selected independent transgenic lines expressing the indicated EDS1 fusions. NES and nes denote functional and non-functional nuclear export signals, respectively. Ponceau S staining of the membrane shows equal loading. (B) Confocal images showing the subcellular distribution of the EDS1-YFP-NES and EDS1-YFP-nes fusions in one representative transgenic line 5 d post inoculation with virulent H. arabidopsidis Noco2. Bar is 15 µm. (C) The indicated genotypes were spray-inoculated with avirulent Pst DC3000 AvrRps4 bacterial suspension and bacterial titers determined 3 h (day 0, white bars) and 3 d (grey bars) post inoculation. Bars represent means of 5 replicates ± standard error. ** p value<0.001; * p value<0.05. (D) Infection phenotypes of leaves inoculated with a spore suspension of avirulent H. arabidopsidis isolate Emwa1. Leaves were stained with lactophenol trypan blue 6 d post inoculation to visualize pathogen growth and host cell death. h: hyphae; HR: hypersensitive response. Bar is 500 µm. (E) The indicated genotypes were spray- inoculated with a virulent Pst DC3000 suspension and bacterial titers determined 3 h (day 0, white bars) and 3 d (grey bars) post inoculation. Bars represent means of 4 replicates ± standard error. ** p value<0.001; * p value<0.05. Similar results were obtained in at least three independent experiments.