Schistosoma japonicum extracellular vesicle miRNA cargo regulates host macrophage functions facilitating parasitism (original) (raw)
Fig 1
Characterization of SjEVs and their cargo miRNAs.
(A) Size distribution of SjEVs and NCTC EVs isolated from culture medium of adult S. japonicum. The results shown are representative of the data from three independent SjEV/NCTC EV preparations analyzed using a Zetasizer Nano ZS. (B) Immunoblotting analysis of SjEVs contents using antibodies against known mammalian EV markers. (C) Length distribution and first nucleotide (top) of SjEV-associated small RNAs and their classification (bottom) from a representative library. Small RNAs matching to rRNAs and tRNAs were removed from this analysis (see S2 Fig). Sj miRNA: S. japonicum miRNAs; Sj repeats: small RNAs corresponding to repetitive sequences in the S. japonicum genome; Sj mRNAs: small RNAs matching S. japonicum mRNAs; Sj unannotated: small RNAs corresponding to other unannotated sequences in the S. japonicum genome; Rabbit miRNA: miRNAs that do not match the S. japonicum genome but correspond to rabbit or other species miRNAs; Rabbit other ncRNAs: small RNAs that do not match the S. japonicum genome but correspond to the rabbit genome. (D) Heat map of relative abundance of selected SjEV miRNAs. Data illustrate the average of SjEV miRNAs for three biological replications (R1, R2 and R3). (E) RT-qPCR confirmation of the abundance of SjEV miRNAs. Data illustrate representative results and show the mean and standard errors from an experiment carried out in triplicate.