Protection Against Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens by Regulated Delayed Lysis Salmonella Vaccines (original) (raw)
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31 July 2015 Protection Against Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens by Regulated Delayed Lysis Salmonella Vaccines
Yanlong Jiang,Hua Mo,Crystal Willingham,Shifeng Wang,Jie-yeun Park,Wei Kong,Kenneth L. Roland,Roy Curtiss
Author Affiliations +
Yanlong Jiang,1 Hua Mo,1 Crystal Willingham,1 Shifeng Wang,1 Jie-yeun Park,1 Wei Kong,1 Kenneth L. Roland,1 Roy Curtiss1,2,*,**
1ACenter for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University,
2BSchool of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
*Corresponding author. E-mail: rcurtiss@ufl.edu
**Present address: University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880.
Abstract
Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Gram-positive Clostridium perfringens type A strains, has gained more attention in the broiler industry due to governmental restrictions affecting the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in feed. To date, there is only one commercial NE vaccine available, based on the C. perfringens alpha toxin. However, recent work has suggested that the NetB toxin, not alpha toxin, is the most critical virulence factor for causing NE. These findings notwithstanding, it is clear from prior research that immune responses against both toxins can provide some protection against NE. In this study, we delivered a carboxyl-terminal fragment of alpha toxin and a GST-NetB fusion protein using a novel attenuated Salmonella vaccine strain designed to lyse after 6–10 rounds of replication in the chicken host. We immunized birds with vaccine strains producing each protein individually, a mixture of the two strains, or with a single vaccine strain that produced both proteins. Immunization with strains producing either of the single proteins was not protective, but immunization with a mixture of the two or with a single strain producing both proteins resulted in protective immunity. The vaccine strain synthesizing both PlcC and GST-NetB was able to elicit strong production of intestinal IgA, IgY, and IgM antibodies and significantly protect broilers against C. perfringens challenge against both mild and severe challenges. Although not part of our experimental plan, the broiler chicks we obtained for these studies were apparently contaminated during transit from the hatchery with group D Salmonella. Despite this drawback, the vaccines worked well, indicating applicability to real-world conditions.
© 2015 American Association of Avian Pathologists
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Yanlong Jiang, Hua Mo, Crystal Willingham, Shifeng Wang, Jie-yeun Park, Wei Kong, Kenneth L. Roland, and Roy Curtiss "Protection Against Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens by Regulated Delayed Lysis Salmonella Vaccines," Avian Diseases 59(4), 475-485, (31 July 2015). https://doi.org/10.1637/11094-041715-Reg
Received: 23 April 2015; Accepted: 1 July 2015; Published: 31 July 2015
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