Chandan Singh | Dr.Harisingh Gour University Sagar(M.P.) India (original) (raw)
Papers by Chandan Singh
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis
The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC... more The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC), and Leaf Compost on the vegetative growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.). We have examined the physicochemical properties and fungal flora of soil (control) and different composts (amend- ments). The composts (amendments) were taken in four concentrations, i.e., 25, 50, 75, and 100%, along with complete loam soil as a control. The result reveals the differential response of compost (amendments), showing that Biosolid gives a higher yield at 25%, whereas SMC with 50% and Leaf com- post best results at 75% concentrations, respectively. The other parameters of the test plant, such as height, numbers of leaflets, numbers of pods, 100 seeds weight, are found in accordance with respective yields in all the amendments. However, SMC found better fertilizers compared to other test organic substances.
Diagnostics of Plant Diseases [Working Title], 2021
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout ... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout the India since ancient time. It is also grown in many countries of the world. The crop has been facing numerous biotic and abiotic constraints. Among biotic constraint crop affected adversely by diseases, caused by many pathogens. Ever since 1918 when for the first time wilt disease of chickpea was reported and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri was the causal organism many strategies have been adopted to control the wilt disease. The controlling methods included conventional as well as modern one. However, more and more emphasis was given on biological control agents such as AM fungi and Trichoderma. The role of AM fungi have been evaluated for controlling the wilt disease similarly role of Trichoderma is thoroughly established biological control agent against Fusarium wilt. With the advent of modern tools and techniques developing markers, resistant varieties, all such sources enable us...
Biodegradation Technology of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants
Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasit... more Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasite or saprophyte. Saprophytic fungi are good biodegraders. Through their enzymatic batteries, they can degrade any organic substances. Most of the time during the processes of degradation, macrofungi (mushrooms) are occurred as per the climatic conditions prevailing in the particular locations. Micro and macrofungi are considered a good source of human nutrition and medicine since time immemorial. Some of the fungi which are commonly known as mycorrhizae facilitate nutrients to more than 90% of green plants. Fungi play a basic role in plant physiology and help in the biosynthesis of different plant hormones that provides the flexibility of plant to withstand adverse environmental stress, the whole fungi are more friend than foe.
The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC... more The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent
Mushroom Compost (SMC), and Leaf Compost on the vegetative growth and
yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.). We have examined the physicochemical
properties and fungal flora of soil (control) and different composts (amend-
ments). The composts (amendments) were taken in four concentrations, i.e.,
25, 50, 75, and 100%, along with complete loam soil as a control. The result
reveals the differential response of compost (amendments), showing that
Biosolid gives a higher yield at 25%, whereas SMC with 50% and Leaf com-
post best results at 75% concentrations, respectively. The other parameters
of the test plant, such as height, numbers of leaflets, numbers of pods, 100
seeds weight, are found in accordance with respective yields in all the
amendments. However, SMC found better fertilizers compared to other test
organic substances.
Sustainable Agriculture, 2021
Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants a... more Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants and animals to more than 250 °C in a low-oxygen environment. It could be efficiently produced by the various methods, but the top-lit updraft (TLUD) method is the most affordable at each farm level in agriculture. Several controlling factors determine the distinctive quality of biochar; however, the agricultural application of biochar is precisely beneficial if applied appropriately. It increases the water retention capability of the soil and cation exchange rates and holds the nutrient-holding capacity and reclamation of acidic soils. Moreover, biochar could also endure an efficient way to sequestrate carbon and a valuable agent for sustainable agriculture.
Springer, Cham, 2022
Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants a... more Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants and animals to more than 250 °C in a low-oxygen environment. It could be efficiently produced by the various methods, but the top-lit updraft (TLUD) method is the most affordable at each farm level in agriculture. Several controlling factors determine the distinctive quality of biochar; however, the agricultural application of biochar is precisely beneficial if applied appropriately. It increases the water retention capability of the soil and cation exchange rates and holds the nutrient-holding capacity and reclamation of acidic soils. Moreover, biochar could also endure an efficient way to sequestrate carbon and a valuable agent for sustainable agriculture.
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020
Mushrooms are the source of food and medicine. There are numbers of mushrooms added to the diet a... more Mushrooms are the source of food and medicine. There are numbers of mushrooms added to the diet and are easy to cultivate on the agric residue riched in carbon source. Mushroom cultivation not only provides a source of food but also helps in the management of agric residue. Moreover, mushroom compost or spent mushroom substrate are used as a biofertilizer and could be included in various components of Integrated farm management. Many research studies reported that mushrooms and mushroom compost would be effective components in increasing farmer's income and reduce the input cost in farms. In this review, we have discussed and compiled the possible integration of mushrooms and mushroom composts in different components of the integrated farming system and farm management.
International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2021
In India pea is the second greatest protein source followed by chickpea for the people of the cou... more In India pea is the second greatest protein source followed by chickpea for the people of the country, over the years due to pathogen attack and climate change, the yield of pea has reduced categorically which generated great concern among scientists, policymakers, and common people thus resulting into the development of strategies to assess the impact and severity of the disease spread around the country various measures were taken into the account to find out the best method to control the disease. It has been found that pea is most susceptible to fungal pathogens. After reviewing the literature it is deduced that there are enormous species of fungi reported showing beneficial as well as harmful relationships with the pea and other crop plants worldwide. Disease in the pea plant is mainly caused by microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, and some nematodes, but much of the losses are occurred due to fungal pathogens (generally soil-borne). In the present review the most common diseases of pea caused by soil-borne fungi are Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi, Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, Aphanomyces euteiches, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The present article deals with the evaluation of the aggressiveness, detrimental effect and taxonomic and symptomatic status of fungal pathogens.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout ... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout the India since ancient time. It is also grown in many countries of the world. The crop has been facing numerous biotic and abiotic constraints. Among biotic constraint crop affected adversely by diseases, caused by many pathogens. Ever since 1918 when for the first time wilt disease of chickpea was reported and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri was the causal organism many strategies have been adopted to control the wilt disease. The controlling methods included conventional as well as modern one. However, more and more emphasis was given on biological control agents such as AM fungi and Trichoderma. The role of AM fungi have been evaluated for controlling the wilt disease similarly role of Trichoderma is thoroughly established biological control agent against Fusarium wilt. With the advent of modern tools and techniques developing markers, resistant varieties, all such sources enable us to reduce the effect of pathogens. Here an attempted has been made to acknowledge the trend of disease management and evaluation strategies of Fusarium wilt of chickpea for getting better yields of the crop.
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) is one of the most popular vegetables on the earth and produced ... more Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) is one of the most popular vegetables on the earth and produced in bulk quantities. Over the years non-judicious use of chemicals has reduced the soil fertility resulting decrease in the production of tomato and qualities. Here an attempted has been made to find alternatives for chemicals fertilizer, in this study we have use biochar, leaf compost, and SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) the results indicates that out of these three, SMC yield better results in plant growth and productivity, followed by biochar than leaf compost and comparative lesser growth was observed in field soil, which was taken as control. Field soil was combined with different percentages of Biochar, Leaf compost, and SMC to obtain the following combinations T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4). The concentrations of Biochar, Leaf compost, and SMC promoted vegetative growth (plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, and axillary branches) of the test plants (tomato plant). Tomato seedlings were grown in pots under different treatments, the experimental setup was visited regularly to record data viz. plant height, number of floral buds, and flowers. The study shows that SMC provides favorable soil conditioners for the cultivation of tomatoes as it improved growth and yield of tomato seedlings in the experiment.
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 2020
To evaluate the effect of chemical fertilizer treated and VA-mycorrhizal inoculated soybean, whea... more To evaluate the effect of chemical fertilizer treated and VA-mycorrhizal inoculated soybean, wheat and paddy biomass on mushroom cultivation of different species of Pleurotus (i.e. P. sajor caju, P. florida, P. ostreatus P. djamor) were cultivated on chemical fertilizer treated and VA-mycorrhizal inoculated soybean, wheat and paddy straws. Comparisons were with untreated/uninoculated control biomass. Mycorrhizal inoculated biomass was found to be significantly superior over chemical fertilizer treated and control biomass for mushroom yield. The yield of fruiting bodies obtained was significantly higher in mycorrhizal inoculated soybean biomass in comparison to wheat and paddy biomass. Pleurotus sajor-caju gave highest yield while P. djamor gave significantly poor yield among all the test species. An interesting point was finding out that all the three species of Pleurotus gave maximum yield in SS except P. djamor.
Books by Chandan Singh
IntechOpen, 2021
Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasit... more Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasite or saprophyte. Saprophytic fungi are good biodegraders. Through their enzymatic batteries, they can degrade any organic substances. Most of the time during the processes of degradation, macrofungi (mushrooms) are occurred as per the climatic conditions prevailing in the particular locations. Micro and macrofungi are considered a good source of human nutrition and medicine since time immemorial. Some of the fungi which are commonly known as mycorrhizae facilitate nutrients to more than 90% of green plants. Fungi play a basic role in plant physiology and help in the biosynthesis of different plant hormones that provides the flexibility of plant to withstand adverse environmental stress, the whole fungi are more friend than foe.
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis
The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC... more The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC), and Leaf Compost on the vegetative growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.). We have examined the physicochemical properties and fungal flora of soil (control) and different composts (amend- ments). The composts (amendments) were taken in four concentrations, i.e., 25, 50, 75, and 100%, along with complete loam soil as a control. The result reveals the differential response of compost (amendments), showing that Biosolid gives a higher yield at 25%, whereas SMC with 50% and Leaf com- post best results at 75% concentrations, respectively. The other parameters of the test plant, such as height, numbers of leaflets, numbers of pods, 100 seeds weight, are found in accordance with respective yields in all the amendments. However, SMC found better fertilizers compared to other test organic substances.
Diagnostics of Plant Diseases [Working Title], 2021
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout ... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout the India since ancient time. It is also grown in many countries of the world. The crop has been facing numerous biotic and abiotic constraints. Among biotic constraint crop affected adversely by diseases, caused by many pathogens. Ever since 1918 when for the first time wilt disease of chickpea was reported and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri was the causal organism many strategies have been adopted to control the wilt disease. The controlling methods included conventional as well as modern one. However, more and more emphasis was given on biological control agents such as AM fungi and Trichoderma. The role of AM fungi have been evaluated for controlling the wilt disease similarly role of Trichoderma is thoroughly established biological control agent against Fusarium wilt. With the advent of modern tools and techniques developing markers, resistant varieties, all such sources enable us...
Biodegradation Technology of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants
Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasit... more Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasite or saprophyte. Saprophytic fungi are good biodegraders. Through their enzymatic batteries, they can degrade any organic substances. Most of the time during the processes of degradation, macrofungi (mushrooms) are occurred as per the climatic conditions prevailing in the particular locations. Micro and macrofungi are considered a good source of human nutrition and medicine since time immemorial. Some of the fungi which are commonly known as mycorrhizae facilitate nutrients to more than 90% of green plants. Fungi play a basic role in plant physiology and help in the biosynthesis of different plant hormones that provides the flexibility of plant to withstand adverse environmental stress, the whole fungi are more friend than foe.
The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC... more The present study deals with the effects of Biosolid (animal manure), Spent
Mushroom Compost (SMC), and Leaf Compost on the vegetative growth and
yield of pea (Pisum sativum L.). We have examined the physicochemical
properties and fungal flora of soil (control) and different composts (amend-
ments). The composts (amendments) were taken in four concentrations, i.e.,
25, 50, 75, and 100%, along with complete loam soil as a control. The result
reveals the differential response of compost (amendments), showing that
Biosolid gives a higher yield at 25%, whereas SMC with 50% and Leaf com-
post best results at 75% concentrations, respectively. The other parameters
of the test plant, such as height, numbers of leaflets, numbers of pods, 100
seeds weight, are found in accordance with respective yields in all the
amendments. However, SMC found better fertilizers compared to other test
organic substances.
Sustainable Agriculture, 2021
Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants a... more Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants and animals to more than 250 °C in a low-oxygen environment. It could be efficiently produced by the various methods, but the top-lit updraft (TLUD) method is the most affordable at each farm level in agriculture. Several controlling factors determine the distinctive quality of biochar; however, the agricultural application of biochar is precisely beneficial if applied appropriately. It increases the water retention capability of the soil and cation exchange rates and holds the nutrient-holding capacity and reclamation of acidic soils. Moreover, biochar could also endure an efficient way to sequestrate carbon and a valuable agent for sustainable agriculture.
Springer, Cham, 2022
Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants a... more Biochar is a charcoal, rich in carbon, produced by typically burning organic residues of plants and animals to more than 250 °C in a low-oxygen environment. It could be efficiently produced by the various methods, but the top-lit updraft (TLUD) method is the most affordable at each farm level in agriculture. Several controlling factors determine the distinctive quality of biochar; however, the agricultural application of biochar is precisely beneficial if applied appropriately. It increases the water retention capability of the soil and cation exchange rates and holds the nutrient-holding capacity and reclamation of acidic soils. Moreover, biochar could also endure an efficient way to sequestrate carbon and a valuable agent for sustainable agriculture.
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020
Mushrooms are the source of food and medicine. There are numbers of mushrooms added to the diet a... more Mushrooms are the source of food and medicine. There are numbers of mushrooms added to the diet and are easy to cultivate on the agric residue riched in carbon source. Mushroom cultivation not only provides a source of food but also helps in the management of agric residue. Moreover, mushroom compost or spent mushroom substrate are used as a biofertilizer and could be included in various components of Integrated farm management. Many research studies reported that mushrooms and mushroom compost would be effective components in increasing farmer's income and reduce the input cost in farms. In this review, we have discussed and compiled the possible integration of mushrooms and mushroom composts in different components of the integrated farming system and farm management.
International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2021
In India pea is the second greatest protein source followed by chickpea for the people of the cou... more In India pea is the second greatest protein source followed by chickpea for the people of the country, over the years due to pathogen attack and climate change, the yield of pea has reduced categorically which generated great concern among scientists, policymakers, and common people thus resulting into the development of strategies to assess the impact and severity of the disease spread around the country various measures were taken into the account to find out the best method to control the disease. It has been found that pea is most susceptible to fungal pathogens. After reviewing the literature it is deduced that there are enormous species of fungi reported showing beneficial as well as harmful relationships with the pea and other crop plants worldwide. Disease in the pea plant is mainly caused by microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, and some nematodes, but much of the losses are occurred due to fungal pathogens (generally soil-borne). In the present review the most common diseases of pea caused by soil-borne fungi are Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi, Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, Aphanomyces euteiches, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The present article deals with the evaluation of the aggressiveness, detrimental effect and taxonomic and symptomatic status of fungal pathogens.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout ... more Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important annual legume crops, cultivated throughout the India since ancient time. It is also grown in many countries of the world. The crop has been facing numerous biotic and abiotic constraints. Among biotic constraint crop affected adversely by diseases, caused by many pathogens. Ever since 1918 when for the first time wilt disease of chickpea was reported and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri was the causal organism many strategies have been adopted to control the wilt disease. The controlling methods included conventional as well as modern one. However, more and more emphasis was given on biological control agents such as AM fungi and Trichoderma. The role of AM fungi have been evaluated for controlling the wilt disease similarly role of Trichoderma is thoroughly established biological control agent against Fusarium wilt. With the advent of modern tools and techniques developing markers, resistant varieties, all such sources enable us to reduce the effect of pathogens. Here an attempted has been made to acknowledge the trend of disease management and evaluation strategies of Fusarium wilt of chickpea for getting better yields of the crop.
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) is one of the most popular vegetables on the earth and produced ... more Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) is one of the most popular vegetables on the earth and produced in bulk quantities. Over the years non-judicious use of chemicals has reduced the soil fertility resulting decrease in the production of tomato and qualities. Here an attempted has been made to find alternatives for chemicals fertilizer, in this study we have use biochar, leaf compost, and SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) the results indicates that out of these three, SMC yield better results in plant growth and productivity, followed by biochar than leaf compost and comparative lesser growth was observed in field soil, which was taken as control. Field soil was combined with different percentages of Biochar, Leaf compost, and SMC to obtain the following combinations T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4). The concentrations of Biochar, Leaf compost, and SMC promoted vegetative growth (plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, and axillary branches) of the test plants (tomato plant). Tomato seedlings were grown in pots under different treatments, the experimental setup was visited regularly to record data viz. plant height, number of floral buds, and flowers. The study shows that SMC provides favorable soil conditioners for the cultivation of tomatoes as it improved growth and yield of tomato seedlings in the experiment.
Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 2020
To evaluate the effect of chemical fertilizer treated and VA-mycorrhizal inoculated soybean, whea... more To evaluate the effect of chemical fertilizer treated and VA-mycorrhizal inoculated soybean, wheat and paddy biomass on mushroom cultivation of different species of Pleurotus (i.e. P. sajor caju, P. florida, P. ostreatus P. djamor) were cultivated on chemical fertilizer treated and VA-mycorrhizal inoculated soybean, wheat and paddy straws. Comparisons were with untreated/uninoculated control biomass. Mycorrhizal inoculated biomass was found to be significantly superior over chemical fertilizer treated and control biomass for mushroom yield. The yield of fruiting bodies obtained was significantly higher in mycorrhizal inoculated soybean biomass in comparison to wheat and paddy biomass. Pleurotus sajor-caju gave highest yield while P. djamor gave significantly poor yield among all the test species. An interesting point was finding out that all the three species of Pleurotus gave maximum yield in SS except P. djamor.
IntechOpen, 2021
Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasit... more Fungi being achlorophyllous depends on other living organisms for their food either being parasite or saprophyte. Saprophytic fungi are good biodegraders. Through their enzymatic batteries, they can degrade any organic substances. Most of the time during the processes of degradation, macrofungi (mushrooms) are occurred as per the climatic conditions prevailing in the particular locations. Micro and macrofungi are considered a good source of human nutrition and medicine since time immemorial. Some of the fungi which are commonly known as mycorrhizae facilitate nutrients to more than 90% of green plants. Fungi play a basic role in plant physiology and help in the biosynthesis of different plant hormones that provides the flexibility of plant to withstand adverse environmental stress, the whole fungi are more friend than foe.