Dr Samreen Memon | Dow University of Health Sciences (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr Samreen Memon
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Background: The aim of this study was to study the effects of pregnancy induced hypertension and ... more Background: The aim of this study was to study the effects of pregnancy induced hypertension and abruption of placenta on foeto-placental weight ratio and its comparison with normal group. Methods: In this comparative study hundred and twenty placentae were collected from labor room and gynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University hospital. Forty placentae from parturient that had pregnancy induced hypertension & forty placentae from parturient with history of Abruption of placenta & forty cases belonged to normal pregnancy (Control group). Fetal weights in all groups were taken along with the weights of placentae and foeto-placental weight was calculated in all groups. Results: Placental parameter weight and diameter of placenta in abruption of placentae and PIH group when compared with control group show highly significant (P <0.001) difference. The weight of the new born in abruption of placentae and PIH group also differs from control group significantly (P = 0.001). The feto-placental ratio is also significant statically in abruption of placentae but not in PIH. Conclusion: Both PIH and abruption of placentae are associated with remarkable changes in placenta such as small placental weight and diameter and as a result low birth weight babies and so altered feto-placental ratio.
International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, Aug 12, 2014
Inguinal hernia is a most common surgical condition worldwide during infancy. In spite of signifi... more Inguinal hernia is a most common surgical condition worldwide during infancy. In spite of significant improvements in pediatric surgery it still carries mortality and morbidity due to delay between diagnosis and surgical intervention. A delay in the treatment of inguinal hernia may lead to incarceration and strangulation. In developing countries like us the risk of incarceration and complications is much higher due to delay in seeking treatment due to lack of awareness among parents, general practitioners and even general surgeons about the timings of surgery for inguinal hernia in neonates and children. So to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general surgeons towards pediatrics inguinal hernia this observational study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro Sindh. All the willing general surgeons of all surgical units of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro were interviewed through a written questionnaire. Majority of surgeons favor ideal age of surgery is around two years and only 10% suggested that surgery should be done as soon as possible. Regarding the preference of bilateral herniotomy in single attempt, nearly half of surgeon's answer was no and half were in favor of surgery. For treatment of obstructed /irreducible hernia, emergency surgical management was suggested by 80% of surgeons while only 16% liked trial of manual reduction followed by elective surgery. Referral to pediatric surgeon for pediatric inguinal hernia surgery was fifty and fifty. Last question was regarding visibility of hernial swelling on physical examination while parents are sure.
Rawal Medical Journal, 2018
The professional medical journal, Oct 15, 2013
Objective: To examine the morphological change due to excessive calcification of placenta of preg... more Objective: To examine the morphological change due to excessive calcification of placenta of pregnancies complicated bypregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and placental Abruption and its relation with fetal outcome. Study design: Case control type ofstudy. Place and duration: This study was conducted from June 2008 to July 2009 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University ofMedical &amp;amp;amp; Health Sciences Jamshoro. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty placentae were collected from labor room andgynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University Hospital. Forty placentae from parturients that had pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH), forty from parturient having placental abruption &amp;amp;amp; forty placentae of normal pregnancy (Control Group). Age of all parturients isbetween 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Weight and diameter of Placentae were measured. Approximately five cmpiece of placenta was taken and processed for histological study. Results: The weight of placenta in control group were 450 to 650 gmwith a mean weight of 526.25± 8.414 gm and their diameter from 19 to 24 cm with a mean of 21.225±0.2148cm. In PIH group weight ofplacenta was from 200 to 550gm with a mean weight of 432.25 ± 11.889gm and their diameter ranges from 10 to 16cms with amean14.208 ± 0.1914cm. In placental abruption group the weight of placenta ranges from 180 to 400 gm with a mean weight of 284.88±9.084 gms and diameter ranges from 10 to 14cms with mean 13.070 ± 0.2504 cm. The difference in weight and diameter of placentain PIH and abruptio placentae was found statistically significant when compared with weight and diameter of normal placentae. Theweight of new born babies in control group was 1.8 kg to 3.6 kg mean weight of 2.790± 0.0689kg. In PIH group, the fetal weight was 1.4kg to 3.0 kg with a mean weight of 2.195 ±0.0703kg. In abruptio placentae group, the weight of new born baby ranges from 1.0 kg to2.8kg with a mean weight of 1.898 ± 0.0660 kg. Conclusions: Fetal outcome in cases of PIH and in abruptio placentae was poor ascompared to control group.
Background Glaucoma is a group of complex neurodegenerative ophthalmological disorders and is the... more Background Glaucoma is a group of complex neurodegenerative ophthalmological disorders and is the second common of cause of irreversible blindness around the globe. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the commonest type of all glaucoma and is characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) leading to optic nerve damage and visual field defects. Inherited mutations in CYP1B1 are a rare cause of POAG. Objective This study was conducted to screen Pakistani population with POAG for CYP1B1 variants. Methods Detailed family history was recorded from all participating families. The disease was confirmed through ophthalmological examinations. Blood samples were collected for genomic DNA extraction. CYP1B1 exons were directly sequenced in one affected individual from each family. Results CYP1B1 sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous missense variant, c.649G>A (p.Asp217Asn). All affected individuals having the variant had characteristic glaucomatous changes with mean disease onset...
Objective(s): This study aimed to find out whether the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system ... more Objective(s): This study aimed to find out whether the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system could be employed to predict the teratogenecity of common environmental factors. Different multivitamins and over the counter drugs were used in this study. Materials and Methods: White Leghorn 5-day-old embryo hearts were dissected and trypsinized to produce a cardiomyocyte cell suspension in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium. The cultures were incubated at 370C in 5 % CO2 in air, and observations were made at 24, 48 and 144 hr, for the detection of cell beating. Cellular viability was assessed using the resazurin assay and cell protein content was assessed by the kenacid blue assay. It was observed that while not affecting total cell number folic acid, vitamin C, sodium fluoride and ginseng did not significantly reduced cell activity and beating. However cadmium chloride significantly reduced the beating, cell viability and cell protein content in micromass cultures. Results...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2013
The placenta is a distinctive organ, which facilitates the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the ... more The placenta is a distinctive organ, which facilitates the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus through placental microcirculation. Placenta potentially plays a key role in the etiology of developmental programming through its impact on nutrient transfer. Placental transport efficiency depends on a variety of parameters, including surface area for exchange, thickness of the placental membrane. The aim of this study is to see the morphological, histological and radiological changes in excessive placental calcification and its relation with fetal outcome. This retrospective study was conducted at the
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Etiology of NTDs reflect a combination of genetic predisposition, various nutritional and environ... more Etiology of NTDs reflect a combination of genetic predisposition, various nutritional and environmental factors like female baby, family history of NTDs, obesity, pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, low dietary folate intake, lack of folic acid supplementation, use of anticonvulsant drugs (sodium valporate, carbamazepine), use of folic acid antagonists (e.g. methotrexate) or genetic factors causing abnormal folate metabolism.
Reproductive Toxicology, 2014
The use of carbamazepine (CBZ) during pregnancy increases cardiovascular anomalies. In this study... more The use of carbamazepine (CBZ) during pregnancy increases cardiovascular anomalies. In this study CBZ developmental cardiotoxic effects were evaluated using chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) culture and mouse embryonic stem cells derived cardiomyocyte (ESDC) systems. In MM culture, CBZ only inhibited the cardiomyocyte contractile activity, while in ESDC it completely ceased the contractile activity at 200 μM with decreased cell viability and protein content. The antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) supplement in MM and ascorbic acid (AA) in ESDC showed protective effects on CBZ toxicity, but elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were recorded with CBZ treatment only in ESDC. CBZ has also affected cardiac connexin 43 expression in both in vitro systems. Our results indicated CBZ induced ROS stress as mechanism of developmental cardiotoxicity at early stage of cardiogenesis in ESDC system compared to MM system's differentiated cells. These toxic effects can be negated by using antioxidant agent.
Reproductive Toxicology, 2013
Maternal diseases like diabetes mellitus may cause developmental defects. Supplementation with fo... more Maternal diseases like diabetes mellitus may cause developmental defects. Supplementation with folic acid and vitamin C during the periconceptional period has been shown to prevent some neural tube and congenital heart defects. Hearts were dissected from 5 days-old White Leghorn chick embryos, the cells isolated and cultured in micromass under diabetic conditions, with and without folic acid and vitamin C. Contractile activity, cell viability (resazurin reduction) and protein assays were performed. Results indicated diabetic conditions reduced contractile activity and cell viability, whilst vitamin C (100 μM) and folic acid (1 mM) administered concurrently significantly improved them to values comparable with the control. Day 3 chick embryos in ovo were injected with glucose+hydroxybutyrate or a combination of these and vitamins. Diabetic conditions caused gross and histological malformations, but these effects were abrogated by vitamin supplement. Teratogenic effects on heart development could possibly be prevented by vitamin supplementation during pregnancy.
Reproductive Toxicology, 2009
Reproductive Toxicology, 2009
The teratogenic effects of ethanol include malformations of the cardiovascular system, which may ... more The teratogenic effects of ethanol include malformations of the cardiovascular system, which may be abrogated by multivitamin therapy. Chick cardiomyocytes in micromass culture were treated with ethanol alone or with supplementation with folate or vitamin C. Ethanol alone caused a loss of cell viability and differentiation (beating) whereas those cells treated in addition with vitamins were comparable to the control. Chick embryos were injected on day 3 of incubation with PBS, ethanol alone or with additional vitamin C or folic acid. On day 9 embryos were examined for viability, growth retardation and gross malformation and the hearts were processed for histology. Results showed that ethanol significantly decreased survival of embryos or caused growth retardation and gross malformation (p < 0.05). Embryos incubated with addition of vitamin C or folic acid were comparable to the control. Data obtained in this study suggest that supplementation with vitamin C or folic acid during pregnancy may prevent defects in heart development brought about by ethanol.
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2013
This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system for p... more This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system for prediction of teratogenecity of common environmental factors and prevention of such effects by addition of multivitamins. White Leghorn 5-day-old embryo hearts were dissected and disassociate to produce a cardiomyocyte cell suspension in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium. The cultures were incubated at 370C in 5% CO2 in air. Microscopic observations regarding cell beating and contractility were made at 24, 48 and 144 hours post culture. Cellular viability/metabolic activity was assessed by using the resazurin reduction assay and cell total protein content was assessed by the kenacid blue assay. It was observed that cadmium chloride induced toxicity was not reversed by addition of folic acid and vitamin C, however the nicotine induced teratogenic effects were reversed by addition of folic acid and vitamin C. The results demonstrate the potential of the chick cardiomyocyte MM culture assay to identify teratogens/embryotoxins that alter morphology and function, which may result in either teratogenic outcome or causing cytotoxicity and also protection brought about by addition of multivitamins. This could form part of a screen for developmental toxicity related to cardiac function. The effects of nicotine were compared to in ovo culture also showed protective effects of multivitamins in nicotine induced teratogenecity.
Objective: The present study aims to observe the effect of Nigella Sativa (NS) oil extract on the... more Objective: The present study aims to observe the effect of Nigella Sativa (NS) oil extract on the granulation tissue formation on induced cutaneous wounds in a rabbit model. Study Design: Experimental study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Isra University Hyderabad from May to October, 2012. Materials and Methods: Twenty male adult Wistar rabbits were studied according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The rabbits were divided into two groups; Group I. (n=10) skin wounds were treated with 1% pyodine daily and Group II. (n=10) Nigella sativa extract oil was applied on inflicted cutaneous wounds. The animals were sacrificed by over-dose of Ketamine and Xylazil as per protocol and skin wound area was excised. The tissue samples were fixed in marked containers, containing 10% formaldehyde as preservative. The tissue samples were embedded in paraffin, cut into 5 um thick sections and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin & Masson`s trichrome...
Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2013
OBJECTIVES: To observe and compare gross and histological changes of the placenta of nondiabetic ... more OBJECTIVES: To observe and compare gross and histological changes of the placenta of nondiabetic and diabetic mothers. And observe possible changes in the fetal weight of diabetic and non diabetic mothers. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. PLACE AND DURATION: This study was conducted from June 2009 to July 2010 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro. The placentae were collected from department of Gynecology & Obstetrics of Liaquat University Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty freshly delivered placentae were collected forty placentae from diabetic’s mothers & forty placentae from parturient belonged to uncomplicated pregnancy (control group). Ages of all parturient were between 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Placentae were measured on a weighing machine graduated in grams and diameter was measured with the help of a measuring tape in centimeters. Approximately five mm piece of from diabetic placenta was tak...
Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2012
OBJECTIVE: To see the morphological changes in excessive placental calcification in pregnancy ind... more OBJECTIVE: To see the morphological changes in excessive placental calcification in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and its relation with fetal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective comparative study. PLACE AND DURATION: This study was conducted from June 2008 to July 2009 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro and placentae were collected from department of Gynecology & Obstetrics of Liaquat University Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty freshly delivered placentae were collected from labor room and gynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University Hospital. Forty placentae from parturient that had pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) & forty placentae from parturient belonged to uncomplicated pregnancy (control group). Ages of all parturient were between 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Placentae were measured on a weighing machine graduated in grams and diameter was measured with the help of a measuring t...
Rawal Medical Journal, 2017
Objective: To investigate the food allergy especially, wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylax... more Objective: To investigate the food allergy especially, wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) in population of Hyderabad and adjoining areas, Pakistan. Methodology: We collected the data from 405 individuals having a different form of allergy, some individual were asthmatic and other were non asthmatic with other symptoms, some were effected from dust, pollen, paint etc. Out of 405 individuals, we selected the 10, who were suspected to wheat allergy after ingestion of wheat or wheat products and physical exercise. Results: We found that their immune system was triggered after eating wheat product and physical activity. Characterization of serum protein in these patients shows that 77 kDa band common which belongs to the insoluble wheat protein (gliadin) and major causative of WDEIA. Conclusion: Wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis is characterized by anaphylactic reactions after ingestion of the wheat product and physical exercise. The ELISA antibody response c...
Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, 2018
Objectives: To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (USG) in estimating foetal birth weight in tw... more Objectives: To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (USG) in estimating foetal birth weight in twin pregnancies; and to classify the relationship of actual birth weight and estimated birth weight on ultrasonography. Methodology: It was an observational study on women with twin pregnancies who delivered from January 2009 till August 2018. Out of 27,219 women delivered at North Cumbria University Hospital, United Kingdom, a total of 870 sets of twin pregnancies were identified. We used customised growth chart software made by Perinatal Institute, United Kingdom for the plotting of foetal growth by USG. The estimated foetal birth weight (EFBW) measured on serial growth scans of twin pregnancies closest to the birth date was plotted on the customised growth charts. The EFBW at the time of delivery was predicted by following that centile and the difference between this EFBW and the actual weight was then assessed. Results: Of the 870 women with twin-pregnancy, majority were aged between ...
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Background: The aim of this study was to study the effects of pregnancy induced hypertension and ... more Background: The aim of this study was to study the effects of pregnancy induced hypertension and abruption of placenta on foeto-placental weight ratio and its comparison with normal group. Methods: In this comparative study hundred and twenty placentae were collected from labor room and gynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University hospital. Forty placentae from parturient that had pregnancy induced hypertension & forty placentae from parturient with history of Abruption of placenta & forty cases belonged to normal pregnancy (Control group). Fetal weights in all groups were taken along with the weights of placentae and foeto-placental weight was calculated in all groups. Results: Placental parameter weight and diameter of placenta in abruption of placentae and PIH group when compared with control group show highly significant (P <0.001) difference. The weight of the new born in abruption of placentae and PIH group also differs from control group significantly (P = 0.001). The feto-placental ratio is also significant statically in abruption of placentae but not in PIH. Conclusion: Both PIH and abruption of placentae are associated with remarkable changes in placenta such as small placental weight and diameter and as a result low birth weight babies and so altered feto-placental ratio.
International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, Aug 12, 2014
Inguinal hernia is a most common surgical condition worldwide during infancy. In spite of signifi... more Inguinal hernia is a most common surgical condition worldwide during infancy. In spite of significant improvements in pediatric surgery it still carries mortality and morbidity due to delay between diagnosis and surgical intervention. A delay in the treatment of inguinal hernia may lead to incarceration and strangulation. In developing countries like us the risk of incarceration and complications is much higher due to delay in seeking treatment due to lack of awareness among parents, general practitioners and even general surgeons about the timings of surgery for inguinal hernia in neonates and children. So to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of general surgeons towards pediatrics inguinal hernia this observational study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro Sindh. All the willing general surgeons of all surgical units of Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro were interviewed through a written questionnaire. Majority of surgeons favor ideal age of surgery is around two years and only 10% suggested that surgery should be done as soon as possible. Regarding the preference of bilateral herniotomy in single attempt, nearly half of surgeon's answer was no and half were in favor of surgery. For treatment of obstructed /irreducible hernia, emergency surgical management was suggested by 80% of surgeons while only 16% liked trial of manual reduction followed by elective surgery. Referral to pediatric surgeon for pediatric inguinal hernia surgery was fifty and fifty. Last question was regarding visibility of hernial swelling on physical examination while parents are sure.
Rawal Medical Journal, 2018
The professional medical journal, Oct 15, 2013
Objective: To examine the morphological change due to excessive calcification of placenta of preg... more Objective: To examine the morphological change due to excessive calcification of placenta of pregnancies complicated bypregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and placental Abruption and its relation with fetal outcome. Study design: Case control type ofstudy. Place and duration: This study was conducted from June 2008 to July 2009 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University ofMedical &amp;amp;amp; Health Sciences Jamshoro. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty placentae were collected from labor room andgynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University Hospital. Forty placentae from parturients that had pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH), forty from parturient having placental abruption &amp;amp;amp; forty placentae of normal pregnancy (Control Group). Age of all parturients isbetween 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Weight and diameter of Placentae were measured. Approximately five cmpiece of placenta was taken and processed for histological study. Results: The weight of placenta in control group were 450 to 650 gmwith a mean weight of 526.25± 8.414 gm and their diameter from 19 to 24 cm with a mean of 21.225±0.2148cm. In PIH group weight ofplacenta was from 200 to 550gm with a mean weight of 432.25 ± 11.889gm and their diameter ranges from 10 to 16cms with amean14.208 ± 0.1914cm. In placental abruption group the weight of placenta ranges from 180 to 400 gm with a mean weight of 284.88±9.084 gms and diameter ranges from 10 to 14cms with mean 13.070 ± 0.2504 cm. The difference in weight and diameter of placentain PIH and abruptio placentae was found statistically significant when compared with weight and diameter of normal placentae. Theweight of new born babies in control group was 1.8 kg to 3.6 kg mean weight of 2.790± 0.0689kg. In PIH group, the fetal weight was 1.4kg to 3.0 kg with a mean weight of 2.195 ±0.0703kg. In abruptio placentae group, the weight of new born baby ranges from 1.0 kg to2.8kg with a mean weight of 1.898 ± 0.0660 kg. Conclusions: Fetal outcome in cases of PIH and in abruptio placentae was poor ascompared to control group.
Background Glaucoma is a group of complex neurodegenerative ophthalmological disorders and is the... more Background Glaucoma is a group of complex neurodegenerative ophthalmological disorders and is the second common of cause of irreversible blindness around the globe. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the commonest type of all glaucoma and is characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) leading to optic nerve damage and visual field defects. Inherited mutations in CYP1B1 are a rare cause of POAG. Objective This study was conducted to screen Pakistani population with POAG for CYP1B1 variants. Methods Detailed family history was recorded from all participating families. The disease was confirmed through ophthalmological examinations. Blood samples were collected for genomic DNA extraction. CYP1B1 exons were directly sequenced in one affected individual from each family. Results CYP1B1 sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous missense variant, c.649G>A (p.Asp217Asn). All affected individuals having the variant had characteristic glaucomatous changes with mean disease onset...
Objective(s): This study aimed to find out whether the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system ... more Objective(s): This study aimed to find out whether the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system could be employed to predict the teratogenecity of common environmental factors. Different multivitamins and over the counter drugs were used in this study. Materials and Methods: White Leghorn 5-day-old embryo hearts were dissected and trypsinized to produce a cardiomyocyte cell suspension in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium. The cultures were incubated at 370C in 5 % CO2 in air, and observations were made at 24, 48 and 144 hr, for the detection of cell beating. Cellular viability was assessed using the resazurin assay and cell protein content was assessed by the kenacid blue assay. It was observed that while not affecting total cell number folic acid, vitamin C, sodium fluoride and ginseng did not significantly reduced cell activity and beating. However cadmium chloride significantly reduced the beating, cell viability and cell protein content in micromass cultures. Results...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2013
The placenta is a distinctive organ, which facilitates the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the ... more The placenta is a distinctive organ, which facilitates the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus through placental microcirculation. Placenta potentially plays a key role in the etiology of developmental programming through its impact on nutrient transfer. Placental transport efficiency depends on a variety of parameters, including surface area for exchange, thickness of the placental membrane. The aim of this study is to see the morphological, histological and radiological changes in excessive placental calcification and its relation with fetal outcome. This retrospective study was conducted at the
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2015
Etiology of NTDs reflect a combination of genetic predisposition, various nutritional and environ... more Etiology of NTDs reflect a combination of genetic predisposition, various nutritional and environmental factors like female baby, family history of NTDs, obesity, pregestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, low dietary folate intake, lack of folic acid supplementation, use of anticonvulsant drugs (sodium valporate, carbamazepine), use of folic acid antagonists (e.g. methotrexate) or genetic factors causing abnormal folate metabolism.
Reproductive Toxicology, 2014
The use of carbamazepine (CBZ) during pregnancy increases cardiovascular anomalies. In this study... more The use of carbamazepine (CBZ) during pregnancy increases cardiovascular anomalies. In this study CBZ developmental cardiotoxic effects were evaluated using chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) culture and mouse embryonic stem cells derived cardiomyocyte (ESDC) systems. In MM culture, CBZ only inhibited the cardiomyocyte contractile activity, while in ESDC it completely ceased the contractile activity at 200 μM with decreased cell viability and protein content. The antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) supplement in MM and ascorbic acid (AA) in ESDC showed protective effects on CBZ toxicity, but elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were recorded with CBZ treatment only in ESDC. CBZ has also affected cardiac connexin 43 expression in both in vitro systems. Our results indicated CBZ induced ROS stress as mechanism of developmental cardiotoxicity at early stage of cardiogenesis in ESDC system compared to MM system's differentiated cells. These toxic effects can be negated by using antioxidant agent.
Reproductive Toxicology, 2013
Maternal diseases like diabetes mellitus may cause developmental defects. Supplementation with fo... more Maternal diseases like diabetes mellitus may cause developmental defects. Supplementation with folic acid and vitamin C during the periconceptional period has been shown to prevent some neural tube and congenital heart defects. Hearts were dissected from 5 days-old White Leghorn chick embryos, the cells isolated and cultured in micromass under diabetic conditions, with and without folic acid and vitamin C. Contractile activity, cell viability (resazurin reduction) and protein assays were performed. Results indicated diabetic conditions reduced contractile activity and cell viability, whilst vitamin C (100 μM) and folic acid (1 mM) administered concurrently significantly improved them to values comparable with the control. Day 3 chick embryos in ovo were injected with glucose+hydroxybutyrate or a combination of these and vitamins. Diabetic conditions caused gross and histological malformations, but these effects were abrogated by vitamin supplement. Teratogenic effects on heart development could possibly be prevented by vitamin supplementation during pregnancy.
Reproductive Toxicology, 2009
Reproductive Toxicology, 2009
The teratogenic effects of ethanol include malformations of the cardiovascular system, which may ... more The teratogenic effects of ethanol include malformations of the cardiovascular system, which may be abrogated by multivitamin therapy. Chick cardiomyocytes in micromass culture were treated with ethanol alone or with supplementation with folate or vitamin C. Ethanol alone caused a loss of cell viability and differentiation (beating) whereas those cells treated in addition with vitamins were comparable to the control. Chick embryos were injected on day 3 of incubation with PBS, ethanol alone or with additional vitamin C or folic acid. On day 9 embryos were examined for viability, growth retardation and gross malformation and the hearts were processed for histology. Results showed that ethanol significantly decreased survival of embryos or caused growth retardation and gross malformation (p < 0.05). Embryos incubated with addition of vitamin C or folic acid were comparable to the control. Data obtained in this study suggest that supplementation with vitamin C or folic acid during pregnancy may prevent defects in heart development brought about by ethanol.
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2013
This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system for p... more This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the chick cardiomyocyte micromass (MM) system for prediction of teratogenecity of common environmental factors and prevention of such effects by addition of multivitamins. White Leghorn 5-day-old embryo hearts were dissected and disassociate to produce a cardiomyocyte cell suspension in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium. The cultures were incubated at 370C in 5% CO2 in air. Microscopic observations regarding cell beating and contractility were made at 24, 48 and 144 hours post culture. Cellular viability/metabolic activity was assessed by using the resazurin reduction assay and cell total protein content was assessed by the kenacid blue assay. It was observed that cadmium chloride induced toxicity was not reversed by addition of folic acid and vitamin C, however the nicotine induced teratogenic effects were reversed by addition of folic acid and vitamin C. The results demonstrate the potential of the chick cardiomyocyte MM culture assay to identify teratogens/embryotoxins that alter morphology and function, which may result in either teratogenic outcome or causing cytotoxicity and also protection brought about by addition of multivitamins. This could form part of a screen for developmental toxicity related to cardiac function. The effects of nicotine were compared to in ovo culture also showed protective effects of multivitamins in nicotine induced teratogenecity.
Objective: The present study aims to observe the effect of Nigella Sativa (NS) oil extract on the... more Objective: The present study aims to observe the effect of Nigella Sativa (NS) oil extract on the granulation tissue formation on induced cutaneous wounds in a rabbit model. Study Design: Experimental study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Isra University Hyderabad from May to October, 2012. Materials and Methods: Twenty male adult Wistar rabbits were studied according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The rabbits were divided into two groups; Group I. (n=10) skin wounds were treated with 1% pyodine daily and Group II. (n=10) Nigella sativa extract oil was applied on inflicted cutaneous wounds. The animals were sacrificed by over-dose of Ketamine and Xylazil as per protocol and skin wound area was excised. The tissue samples were fixed in marked containers, containing 10% formaldehyde as preservative. The tissue samples were embedded in paraffin, cut into 5 um thick sections and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin & Masson`s trichrome...
Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2013
OBJECTIVES: To observe and compare gross and histological changes of the placenta of nondiabetic ... more OBJECTIVES: To observe and compare gross and histological changes of the placenta of nondiabetic and diabetic mothers. And observe possible changes in the fetal weight of diabetic and non diabetic mothers. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. PLACE AND DURATION: This study was conducted from June 2009 to July 2010 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro. The placentae were collected from department of Gynecology & Obstetrics of Liaquat University Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty freshly delivered placentae were collected forty placentae from diabetic’s mothers & forty placentae from parturient belonged to uncomplicated pregnancy (control group). Ages of all parturient were between 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Placentae were measured on a weighing machine graduated in grams and diameter was measured with the help of a measuring tape in centimeters. Approximately five mm piece of from diabetic placenta was tak...
Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2012
OBJECTIVE: To see the morphological changes in excessive placental calcification in pregnancy ind... more OBJECTIVE: To see the morphological changes in excessive placental calcification in pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and its relation with fetal outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective comparative study. PLACE AND DURATION: This study was conducted from June 2008 to July 2009 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro and placentae were collected from department of Gynecology & Obstetrics of Liaquat University Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty freshly delivered placentae were collected from labor room and gynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University Hospital. Forty placentae from parturient that had pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) & forty placentae from parturient belonged to uncomplicated pregnancy (control group). Ages of all parturient were between 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Placentae were measured on a weighing machine graduated in grams and diameter was measured with the help of a measuring t...
Rawal Medical Journal, 2017
Objective: To investigate the food allergy especially, wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylax... more Objective: To investigate the food allergy especially, wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) in population of Hyderabad and adjoining areas, Pakistan. Methodology: We collected the data from 405 individuals having a different form of allergy, some individual were asthmatic and other were non asthmatic with other symptoms, some were effected from dust, pollen, paint etc. Out of 405 individuals, we selected the 10, who were suspected to wheat allergy after ingestion of wheat or wheat products and physical exercise. Results: We found that their immune system was triggered after eating wheat product and physical activity. Characterization of serum protein in these patients shows that 77 kDa band common which belongs to the insoluble wheat protein (gliadin) and major causative of WDEIA. Conclusion: Wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis is characterized by anaphylactic reactions after ingestion of the wheat product and physical exercise. The ELISA antibody response c...
Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute, 2018
Objectives: To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (USG) in estimating foetal birth weight in tw... more Objectives: To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (USG) in estimating foetal birth weight in twin pregnancies; and to classify the relationship of actual birth weight and estimated birth weight on ultrasonography. Methodology: It was an observational study on women with twin pregnancies who delivered from January 2009 till August 2018. Out of 27,219 women delivered at North Cumbria University Hospital, United Kingdom, a total of 870 sets of twin pregnancies were identified. We used customised growth chart software made by Perinatal Institute, United Kingdom for the plotting of foetal growth by USG. The estimated foetal birth weight (EFBW) measured on serial growth scans of twin pregnancies closest to the birth date was plotted on the customised growth charts. The EFBW at the time of delivery was predicted by following that centile and the difference between this EFBW and the actual weight was then assessed. Results: Of the 870 women with twin-pregnancy, majority were aged between ...