TOLL - Weblio 英和・和英辞典 (original) (raw)

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/06/10 17:56 UTC 版)

発音

語源 1

From 中期英語 toll, tol, tolle, from 古期英語 toll m or n and toln f (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”).

Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale.

Alternate etymology derives 古期英語 toll from Medieval Latin tolōneum, tolōnium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin telōneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).

名詞

toll (plural tolls)

  1. A fee paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, etc.
    • 1957 October, M. D. Greville and G. O. Holt, “Railway Development in Manchester—2”, in Railway Magazine, page 726:
      Meanwhile, the tolls dispute had gone to the courts, and the E.L.R. was completely successful when, in 1856, the House of Lords awarded it the sum of £30,000 against the L.Y.R. for tolls overcharged.
  2. Loss or damage incurred through a disaster.
    The war has taken its toll on the people.
  3. A fee paid by the owner of materials or other goods for processing such goods, as under a tolling agreement.
    toll ore refining; toll manufacturing
  4. (business, by extension) A fee for using any kind of material processing service.
    We can handle on a toll basis your needs for spray drying, repackaging, crushing and grinding, and dry blending.
  5. (US) A tollbooth.
    We will be replacing some manned tolls with high-speed device readers.
  6. (UK, law, obsolete) A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor.
  7. (obsolete, regional England) A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding.
派生語

動詞

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

  1. (transitive) To impose a fee for the use of.
    Once more it is proposed to toll the East River bridges.
  2. (ambitransitive) To levy a toll on (someone or something).
    • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
  3. (transitive) To take as a toll.
  4. To pay a toll or tallage.
    • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:

参照

  1. ^ Whitney, The Century dictionary and cyclopedia, toll.

動詞

toll (third-person singular simple present tolls, present participle tolling, simple past and past participle tolled)

  1. (ergative) To ring (a bell) slowly and repeatedly.
  2. (transitive) To summon by ringing a bell.
  3. (transitive) To announce by ringing a bell.
  4. (figuratively) To make a sound as if made by a bell.

語源 3

From 中期英語 tolen, tollen, variation of tullen, tillen (“to draw, allure, entice”), from 古期英語 *tyllan, *tillan (“to pull, draw, attract”) (found in compounds fortyllan (“to seduce, lead astray, draw away from the mark, deceive”) and betyllan, betillan (“to lure, decoy”)), related to Old Frisian tilla (“to lift, raise”), Dutch tillen (“to lift, raise, weigh, buy”), Low German tillen (“to lift, remove”), Swedish dialectal tille (“to take up, appropriate”).

語源 5

参照

参考

語源

From Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”).

Alternate etymology derives toll from Proto-Germanic *tollą, from Vulgar Latin toloneum, from Late Latin teloneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).

Germanic cognates include Old Saxon tol (Dutch tol), Old High German zol (German Zoll), Old Norse tollr (Swedish tull). See also parallel forms represented by 古期英語 toln.

名詞

toll n or m

  1. tax, toll, fare

語形変化

Strong _a_-stem:

singular plural
nominative toll toll
accusative toll toll
genitive tolles tolla
dative tolle tollum

It also appears as masculine: Strong _a_-stem:

singular plural
nominative toll tollas
accusative toll tollas
genitive tolles tolla
dative tolle tollum

派生した語

参照

  1. ^ Whitney, The Century dictionary and cyclopedia, toll.

中期英語

語源 1

From 古期英語 toll, from Proto-Germanic *tullō.

別の表記

名詞

toll (plural tolles)

  1. A toll, tax, or charge.
  2. The privilege to levy fees or charges.
  3. A waiver from any fees or charges.
  4. (rare) taxation, payment.
  5. (rare) An edge, point of difference
関連する語
派生した語
参照

語源 2