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officium

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/05 17:45 UTC 版)

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɔfˈfɪ.ki.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ofˈfiː.t͡ʃi.um]

名詞

officium n (genitive officiī or officī); second declension

1. duty, service, office
   Synonyms: mūnus, ministerium, negōtium, cūra, cūrātiō
   Exsecūtiō officiī plērumque certum suae ūtilitātis proximae sacrificium implicat.
   The performance of a duty usually involves a certain sacrifice of one's own immediate benefit.
2. (figurative) obligation, an obligatory service, visit, or gesture
3. (act of) kindness, favor, courtesy

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

派生語

• officialis, officialiter
• officīna

派生した語

• → Albanian: ofiq
• → Catalan: ofici
• Esperanto: ofico
  • Ido: ofico
• → French: office
  • → English: office (see there for further descendants)
• → Galician: oficio
• → Koine Greek: ὀφφίκιον (ophphíkion)
  • Byzantine Greek: ὀφφίκιον (ophphíkion)
    * Greek: οφίκιο (ofíkio)
• → Middle Irish: oific
  • Irish: oifig
  • Manx: oik
  • Scottish Gaelic: oifig
• Italian: ufficio, uffizio
• Ladin: ufize
• → Portuguese: ofício
• → Romanian: oficiu
• → Romansch: uffizi
• → Spanish: oficio

参照

• “officium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “officium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "officium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “officium”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to perform the last offices of affection: supremis officiis aliquem prosequi (vid sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
  • to do one's duty: officium suum facere, servare, colere, tueri, exsequi, praestare
  • to fulfil one's duty in every detail: omnes officii partes exsequi
  • to fulfil one's duty in every detail: nullam officii partem deserere
  • to be exact, punctual in the performance of one's duty: diligentem esse in retinendis officiis
  • to neglect one's duty: officium suum deserere, neglegere
  • to return to one's duties: ad officium redire
  • it is a breach of duty to..: contra officium est c. Inf.
  • we are united by many mutual obligations: multa et magna inter nos officia intercedunt (Fam. 13. 65)
  • to be courteous, obliging to some one: in aliquem officia conferre
  • to be courteous, obliging to some one: aliquem officiis suis complecti, prosequi
  • a most courteous letter: litterae officii or humanitatis plenae
  • to reduce a people to their former obedience: aliquem ad officium (cf. sect. X. 7, note officium...) reducere (Nep. Dat. 2. 3)
  • (ambiguous) to perform the last rites for a person: supremo officio in aliquem fungi
  • (ambiguous) to do one's duty: officio suo satisfacere (Div. in Caec. 14. 47)
  • (ambiguous) to do one's duty: officio suo fungi
  • (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: ab officio discedere
  • (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: de, ab officio decedere
  • (ambiguous) to neglect one's duty: officio suo deesse (Fam. 7. 3)
  • (ambiguous) to remain faithful to one's duty: in officio manere (Att. 1. 3)
  • (ambiguous) to let oneself be perverted from one's duty: ab officio abduci, avocari
  • (ambiguous) without violating, neglecting one's duty: salvo officio (Off. 3. 1. 4)
  • (ambiguous) to keep good discipline amongst one's men: milites coercere et in officio continere (B. C. 1. 67. 4)
  • (ambiguous) to keep some one in subjection: aliquem in officio continere
  • (ambiguous) to remain in subjection: in officio manere, permanere

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