Abidemi Omonisi | Ekiti state university (original) (raw)
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Papers by Abidemi Omonisi
Cancer Epidemiology, 2012
The incidence of cancer continues to rise all over the world and current projections show that th... more The incidence of cancer continues to rise all over the world and current projections show that there will be 1.27 million new cases and almost 1 million deaths by 2030. In view of the rising incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, urgent steps are needed to guide appropriate policy, health sector investment and resource allocation. We posit that hospital based cancer registries (HBCR) are fundamental sources of information on the frequent cancer sites in limited resource regions where population level data is often unavailable. In regions where population based cancer registries are not in existence, HBCR are beneficial for policy and planning. Nineteen of twenty-one cancer registries in Nigeria met the definition of HBCR, and from these registries, we requested data on cancer cases recorded from January 2009 to December 2010. 16 of the 19 registries (84%) responded. Data on year hospital was established; year cancer registry was established, no. of pathologists and types of oncology services available in each tertiary health facility were shown. Analysis of relative frequency of cancers in each HBCR, the basis of diagnosis recorded in the HBCR and the total number of cases recorded by gender was carried out. The total number of cancers registered in these 11 hospital based cancer registries in 2009 and 2010 was 6484. The number of new cancer cases recorded annually in these hospital based cancer registries on average was 117 cases in males and I77 cases in females. Breast and cervical cancer were the most common cancers seen in women while prostate cancer was the commonest among men seen in these tertiary hospitals. Information provided by HBCR is beneficial and can be utilized for the improvement of cancer care delivery systems in low and middle income countries where there are no population based cancer registries.
Cancer Health Disparities, 2019
Prostate cancer (CaP) has been identified as the most common cancer among men globally with highe... more Prostate cancer (CaP) has been identified as the most common cancer among men globally with higher prevalence, incidence and mortality rates in Black men. This study aims to assess the risk factors for CaP among West African men residing in Nigeria, Cameroon and the United States. A validated Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) familial cohort study questionnaire was used to collect data on the respondents’ characteristics, alcohol consumption pattern, smoking pattern, knowledge of CaP, physical activity level and cancer status. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard procedures. Data was summarised using descriptive statistics and penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression analysis via Firth method to determine the association between CaP status and independent variables. The results show that 2.21% of the respondents reported to have been diagnosed with CaP. The median age of the respondents was 47 years with 62.21% having poor knowledge of CaP, an...
Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials)
Nature Medicine, 2021
Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic produc... more Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where lar...
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Pan African Medical Journal
Dermatology Research and Practice
Introduction. Skin and soft tissue diseases form a large and heterogeneous group of mesenchymal e... more Introduction. Skin and soft tissue diseases form a large and heterogeneous group of mesenchymal extraskeletal and dermatologic lesions in humans. Diseases of the skin and soft tissue can develop virtually anywhere in the body, extremities, the trunk, the retroperitoneum, the head, and the neck. Our study aims to review skin and soft tissue specimens from our centre describing the histopathological patterns. Method. A cross sectional study was done using secondary data of all skin and soft tissue specimens over a 3 year period. Patients’ demographics, sites of specimen, and histological diagnoses were extracted from the surgical day book. The data were analysed in terms of age and sex distribution and histological characteristics of pathologic lesions using the SPSS version 22. The data for these patients were presented in tables and figures. Result. 451 skin and soft tissue specimens constituting 18% of all the specimens with an M : F ratio of 1 : 1.2. The age range of our patients ...
Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica
Journey of anatomy as a discipline began from crude ancient civilizations with credit to cadavers... more Journey of anatomy as a discipline began from crude ancient civilizations with credit to cadavers at the centre up to this modern computerized creativity with reference to magnanimity of cadavers and donors. The study investigated various limitations in acquiring cadavers amongst healthcare givers in southwestern Nigeria: awareness of bequest program, religious beliefs, socio-cultural heritage and family influences. Questionnaire-based proforma was adopted with three sections: facility, socio-demographics and donation characteristics containing 20 item self-administered Likertstyle: 'yes', 'no' and 'not sure'. Facilities visited and formal permission sought to engage the middle-aged healthcare workers for one month's period. Data subjected to statistical package for social scientists with statistical significance taking as p<0.05. One hundred and thirty six middle-aged healthcare workers and above participated. Highest participants recorded in: tertiary institution; age group 50 to 54 years; gender male; Ekiti indigenes; tertiary educational degrees; married workers; Christianity; and doctors by profession. Cronbach's alpha reliability value of 0.801 established the study to be second to excellence. Issues on bequest program, sources of cadaver and affection independently explained poor awareness and alienation to bequeathment affairs. Influential factors on bequeathment synonymously judged unquestionable religious beliefs, veritable sociocultural traditions and family dominancy as militating factors. Typically, awareness on bequeathment was still pitiful as the criteria were only known in papers rather than the hearts of healthcare workers who were meant to propagate the crusade of bequeathment. The need to establish a global policy for bequeathment affairs including social, moral, political and financial needs for broadcast was conclusively accented, most especially, in Nigeria and the likes.
Cancers
Background: The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for AR-posit... more Background: The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for AR-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, conflicting reports regarding AR’s prognostic role in TNBC are putting its usefulness in question. Some studies conclude that AR positivity indicates a good prognosis in TNBC, whereas others suggest the opposite, and some show that AR status has no significant bearing on the patients’ prognosis. Methods: We evaluated the prognostic value of AR in resected primary tumors from TNBC patients from six international cohorts {US (n = 420), UK (n = 239), Norway (n = 104), Ireland (n = 222), Nigeria (n = 180), and India (n = 242); total n = 1407}. All TNBC samples were stained with the same anti-AR antibody using the same immunohistochemistry protocol, and samples with ≥1% of AR-positive nuclei were deemed AR-positive TNBCs. Results: AR status shows population-specific patterns of association with patients’ overall survival after controlling for...
Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials)
International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery
Background: The spectrum of salivary gland lesions is wide and the relative incidence of neoplast... more Background: The spectrum of salivary gland lesions is wide and the relative incidence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions is variable in different studies. Despite the relatively common nature of salivary gland disorders, there is dearth of literature on these lesions, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We therefore embarked on this study to analyze the differential diagnosis of salivary gland lesions seen and managed at our institution. Methods: A retrospective review of salivary gland disorders that presented at our facility from January 2012 to December 2016 was done. Information on patients' demographic details, type and location of salivary gland lesion, histologic diagnosis and treatment were retrieved and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Result: A total of 65 patients were treated for salivary gland lesions of various types during the study period. The age of the patients ranged from 3 months to 68 years [mean 33.8 ± 12.3]. Neoplastic lesions [n = 39, 60.0%] were the commonest followed by sialolithiasis [n = 14, 21.5%] while mucous retention/extravasation cysts accounted for 13.9% of the cases. Pleomorphic adenoma was the predominant tumor in this series [87.2%] and the commonest site was the parotid gland [58.8%]. On the contrary submandibular gland appeared to be the commonest site for sialolithiasis [57.1%]. The majority of mucous retention/extravasation cysts occurred in the sublingual gland [55.5%]. Conclusion: Neoplastic lesions remain the commonest salivary gland disorder and pleomorphic adenoma was the most prevalent. Sialolithiasis and mucous cysts are salivary gland lesions with equally wide disease spectrum.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
AIM: In this study, Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Mole... more AIM: In this study, Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 were localised to investigate the healing effects of a flavonoid-rich fraction of M. paradisiaca fruit in the gastric corpus of Wistar rats following aspirin-induced gastric lesion.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mature, unripe fruits of M. paradisiaca were peeled; air dried, pulverised, extracted with 70% methanol, concentrated and partitioned. Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups of 15 rats each. The gastric lesion was induced in groups B, C, D, E and F rats by administration of 400 mg/kg aspirin in distilled water. Group A received distilled water. After 24 hours, flavonoid fraction of M. paradisiaca was administered to groups C, D and E at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively for 21 days. Group F rats received omeprazole at 1.8 mg/kg for 21 days. Five rats from each group were anaesthetized with ketamine on days 14, 21 and 28. Gastric tissues were excised and fix...
Cancer Epidemiology, 2012
The incidence of cancer continues to rise all over the world and current projections show that th... more The incidence of cancer continues to rise all over the world and current projections show that there will be 1.27 million new cases and almost 1 million deaths by 2030. In view of the rising incidence of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa, urgent steps are needed to guide appropriate policy, health sector investment and resource allocation. We posit that hospital based cancer registries (HBCR) are fundamental sources of information on the frequent cancer sites in limited resource regions where population level data is often unavailable. In regions where population based cancer registries are not in existence, HBCR are beneficial for policy and planning. Nineteen of twenty-one cancer registries in Nigeria met the definition of HBCR, and from these registries, we requested data on cancer cases recorded from January 2009 to December 2010. 16 of the 19 registries (84%) responded. Data on year hospital was established; year cancer registry was established, no. of pathologists and types of oncology services available in each tertiary health facility were shown. Analysis of relative frequency of cancers in each HBCR, the basis of diagnosis recorded in the HBCR and the total number of cases recorded by gender was carried out. The total number of cancers registered in these 11 hospital based cancer registries in 2009 and 2010 was 6484. The number of new cancer cases recorded annually in these hospital based cancer registries on average was 117 cases in males and I77 cases in females. Breast and cervical cancer were the most common cancers seen in women while prostate cancer was the commonest among men seen in these tertiary hospitals. Information provided by HBCR is beneficial and can be utilized for the improvement of cancer care delivery systems in low and middle income countries where there are no population based cancer registries.
Cancer Health Disparities, 2019
Prostate cancer (CaP) has been identified as the most common cancer among men globally with highe... more Prostate cancer (CaP) has been identified as the most common cancer among men globally with higher prevalence, incidence and mortality rates in Black men. This study aims to assess the risk factors for CaP among West African men residing in Nigeria, Cameroon and the United States. A validated Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) familial cohort study questionnaire was used to collect data on the respondents’ characteristics, alcohol consumption pattern, smoking pattern, knowledge of CaP, physical activity level and cancer status. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard procedures. Data was summarised using descriptive statistics and penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression analysis via Firth method to determine the association between CaP status and independent variables. The results show that 2.21% of the respondents reported to have been diagnosed with CaP. The median age of the respondents was 47 years with 62.21% having poor knowledge of CaP, an...
Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials)
Nature Medicine, 2021
Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic produc... more Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where lar...
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts
Pan African Medical Journal
Dermatology Research and Practice
Introduction. Skin and soft tissue diseases form a large and heterogeneous group of mesenchymal e... more Introduction. Skin and soft tissue diseases form a large and heterogeneous group of mesenchymal extraskeletal and dermatologic lesions in humans. Diseases of the skin and soft tissue can develop virtually anywhere in the body, extremities, the trunk, the retroperitoneum, the head, and the neck. Our study aims to review skin and soft tissue specimens from our centre describing the histopathological patterns. Method. A cross sectional study was done using secondary data of all skin and soft tissue specimens over a 3 year period. Patients’ demographics, sites of specimen, and histological diagnoses were extracted from the surgical day book. The data were analysed in terms of age and sex distribution and histological characteristics of pathologic lesions using the SPSS version 22. The data for these patients were presented in tables and figures. Result. 451 skin and soft tissue specimens constituting 18% of all the specimens with an M : F ratio of 1 : 1.2. The age range of our patients ...
Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica
Journey of anatomy as a discipline began from crude ancient civilizations with credit to cadavers... more Journey of anatomy as a discipline began from crude ancient civilizations with credit to cadavers at the centre up to this modern computerized creativity with reference to magnanimity of cadavers and donors. The study investigated various limitations in acquiring cadavers amongst healthcare givers in southwestern Nigeria: awareness of bequest program, religious beliefs, socio-cultural heritage and family influences. Questionnaire-based proforma was adopted with three sections: facility, socio-demographics and donation characteristics containing 20 item self-administered Likertstyle: 'yes', 'no' and 'not sure'. Facilities visited and formal permission sought to engage the middle-aged healthcare workers for one month's period. Data subjected to statistical package for social scientists with statistical significance taking as p<0.05. One hundred and thirty six middle-aged healthcare workers and above participated. Highest participants recorded in: tertiary institution; age group 50 to 54 years; gender male; Ekiti indigenes; tertiary educational degrees; married workers; Christianity; and doctors by profession. Cronbach's alpha reliability value of 0.801 established the study to be second to excellence. Issues on bequest program, sources of cadaver and affection independently explained poor awareness and alienation to bequeathment affairs. Influential factors on bequeathment synonymously judged unquestionable religious beliefs, veritable sociocultural traditions and family dominancy as militating factors. Typically, awareness on bequeathment was still pitiful as the criteria were only known in papers rather than the hearts of healthcare workers who were meant to propagate the crusade of bequeathment. The need to establish a global policy for bequeathment affairs including social, moral, political and financial needs for broadcast was conclusively accented, most especially, in Nigeria and the likes.
Cancers
Background: The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for AR-posit... more Background: The androgen receptor (AR) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for AR-positive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, conflicting reports regarding AR’s prognostic role in TNBC are putting its usefulness in question. Some studies conclude that AR positivity indicates a good prognosis in TNBC, whereas others suggest the opposite, and some show that AR status has no significant bearing on the patients’ prognosis. Methods: We evaluated the prognostic value of AR in resected primary tumors from TNBC patients from six international cohorts {US (n = 420), UK (n = 239), Norway (n = 104), Ireland (n = 222), Nigeria (n = 180), and India (n = 242); total n = 1407}. All TNBC samples were stained with the same anti-AR antibody using the same immunohistochemistry protocol, and samples with ≥1% of AR-positive nuclei were deemed AR-positive TNBCs. Results: AR status shows population-specific patterns of association with patients’ overall survival after controlling for...
Clinical Research (Excluding Clinical Trials)
International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery
Background: The spectrum of salivary gland lesions is wide and the relative incidence of neoplast... more Background: The spectrum of salivary gland lesions is wide and the relative incidence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions is variable in different studies. Despite the relatively common nature of salivary gland disorders, there is dearth of literature on these lesions, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We therefore embarked on this study to analyze the differential diagnosis of salivary gland lesions seen and managed at our institution. Methods: A retrospective review of salivary gland disorders that presented at our facility from January 2012 to December 2016 was done. Information on patients' demographic details, type and location of salivary gland lesion, histologic diagnosis and treatment were retrieved and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Result: A total of 65 patients were treated for salivary gland lesions of various types during the study period. The age of the patients ranged from 3 months to 68 years [mean 33.8 ± 12.3]. Neoplastic lesions [n = 39, 60.0%] were the commonest followed by sialolithiasis [n = 14, 21.5%] while mucous retention/extravasation cysts accounted for 13.9% of the cases. Pleomorphic adenoma was the predominant tumor in this series [87.2%] and the commonest site was the parotid gland [58.8%]. On the contrary submandibular gland appeared to be the commonest site for sialolithiasis [57.1%]. The majority of mucous retention/extravasation cysts occurred in the sublingual gland [55.5%]. Conclusion: Neoplastic lesions remain the commonest salivary gland disorder and pleomorphic adenoma was the most prevalent. Sialolithiasis and mucous cysts are salivary gland lesions with equally wide disease spectrum.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences
AIM: In this study, Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Mole... more AIM: In this study, Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor and Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 were localised to investigate the healing effects of a flavonoid-rich fraction of M. paradisiaca fruit in the gastric corpus of Wistar rats following aspirin-induced gastric lesion.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mature, unripe fruits of M. paradisiaca were peeled; air dried, pulverised, extracted with 70% methanol, concentrated and partitioned. Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups of 15 rats each. The gastric lesion was induced in groups B, C, D, E and F rats by administration of 400 mg/kg aspirin in distilled water. Group A received distilled water. After 24 hours, flavonoid fraction of M. paradisiaca was administered to groups C, D and E at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively for 21 days. Group F rats received omeprazole at 1.8 mg/kg for 21 days. Five rats from each group were anaesthetized with ketamine on days 14, 21 and 28. Gastric tissues were excised and fix...