冥 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

冥 (Kangxi radical 14, 冖+8, 10 strokes, Cangjie input 月日卜金 (BAYC), four-corner 37800, composition ⿱冖昗 or ⿱𠕾六)

凕, 塓, 嫇, 㟰, 幎, 慏, 㨠, 溟, 猽, 暝, 榠, 熐, 䄙, 瞑, 䏃, 螟, 鄍, 䒌, 覭, 䫤, 鼆, 蓂
Kangxi Dictionary: page 130, character 28
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1588
Dae Jaweon: page 293, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 304, character 10
Unihan data for U+51A5

simp. and trad.	冥
alternative forms	𡨕𠖇㝠暝

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | 瞑 | *meːn, *meːns, *meːŋ | | 嫇 | *mreːŋ, *meːŋ, *meːŋʔ | | 慏 | *meŋʔ | | 冥 | *meːŋ | | 榠 | *meːŋ | | 鄍 | *meːŋ | | 溟 | *meːŋ, *meːŋʔ | | 螟 | *meːŋ | | 猽 | *meːŋ | | 蓂 | *meːŋ, *meːɡ | | 覭 | *meːŋ, *meːɡ | | 暝 | *meːŋ, *meːŋs | | 幎 | *meːɡ | | 幂 | *meːɡ | | 塓 | *meːɡ |

Originally ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 冖 (“cloth cover”) + 日 (“sun”) + 廾 (“two hands”) – "dark". The upper part of the character is 𠕾. The 廾 was later corrupted to 六.

May also be a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *meːŋ): phonetic 冖 (OC *meːɡ) + semantic 日 + semantic 廾 (Shuowen Jiezi).

An area word for "night"; Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʰməŋH (“night”), Proto-Bahnaric *maŋ (“night”), Burmese မည်း (many:, “dark; black”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *muːŋ ~ r/s-muːk (“foggy; dark; sullen; menacing; thunder”).

Mandarin
(Pinyin): míng (ming2)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ming4 / ming5
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mèn
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ming2
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bêng
(Teochew, Peng'im): mêng5

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
  * Hanyu Pinyin: míng
  * Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ
  * Tongyong Pinyin: míng
  * Wade–Giles: ming2
  * Yale: míng
  * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ming
  * Palladius: мин (min)
  * Sinological IPA (key): /miŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  * Jyutping: ming4 / ming5
  * Yale: mìhng / míhng
  * Cantonese Pinyin: ming4 / ming5
  * Guangdong Romanization: ming4 / ming5
  * Sinological IPA (key): /mɪŋ²¹/, /mɪŋ¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  * Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mèn
  * Hakka Romanization System: menˇ
  * Hagfa Pinyim: men2
  * Sinological IPA: /men¹¹/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  * Pouseng Ping'ing: ming2
  * Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: míng
  * Sinological IPA (key): /miŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  * Pouseng Ping'ing: ming2
  * Sinological IPA (key): /miŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng
  * Tâi-lô: bîng
  * Phofsit Daibuun: beeng
  * Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²⁴/
  * Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ²⁴/
  * Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³/
  * Sinological IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ²⁴/
  * Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
  * Peng'im: mêng5
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mêng
  * Sinological IPA (key): /meŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: meng
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤeŋ/
(Zhengzhang): /*meːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	冥
Reading #	1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin)	míng
MiddleChinese	‹ meng ›
OldChinese	/*mˁeŋ/
English	dark
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	冥
Reading #	1/1
No.	9197
Phoneticcomponent	冥
Rimegroup	耕
Rimesubdivision	0
CorrespondingMC rime	冥
OldChinese	/*meːŋ/

冥

(literary) dark; dim; gloomy; faint
- 熒魂曠枯，糟莩曠沈，擿埴索塗，冥行而已矣。 [Classical Chinese, _trad._]
  荧魂旷枯，糟莩旷沈，擿埴索涂，冥行而已矣。 [Classical Chinese, _simp._]
  From: Yang Xiong, Fa Yan (Exemplary Sayings), 9 CE, translated based on Jeffrey S. Bullock's version
  Yíng hún kuàng kū, zāo fú kuàng shěn, tī zhí suǒ tú, míng xíng éryǐ yǐ. [Pinyin]
  Once the spirit is withered and vision has been destroyed, like a blind man using a walking stick to poke at the ground to find the road, you simply walk in darkness.
(literary) ignorant; muddled
冥頑不靈／冥顽不灵 ― míngwánbùlíng ― obstinate and ignorant
deep; profound
苦思冥想 ― kǔsīmíngxiǎng ― to think long and hard
the underworld
冥府 ― míngfǔ ― the nether world
(obsolete) night
alternative form of 溟 (“sea”)
alternative form of 瞑 (“to close one's eyes”)
a surname

冥佑
冥具
冥冥 (míngmíng)
冥冥中
冥冥之中
冥加
冥司
冥合
冥器 (míngqì)
冥土
冥報 / 冥报
冥壽 / 冥寿
冥契
冥奧 / 冥奥
冥婚 (mínghūn)
冥子裡 / 冥子里
冥寂
冥寞
冥寶 / 冥宝
冥府 (míngfǔ)
冥思 (míngsī)
冥思苦想 (míngsīkǔxiǎng)
冥思苦索 (míngsīkǔsuǒ)
冥想 (míngxiǎng)
冥搜
冥數 / 冥数
冥昧
冥會 / 冥会
冥河
冥漠
冥漠君
冥濛 / 冥蒙
冥王 (míngwáng)
冥王星 (Míngwángxīng)
冥界 (míngjiè)
冥福
冥童
冥籍
冥紙 / 冥纸
冥茫
冥蒙
冥行
冥行擿埴
冥衣 (míngyī)
冥誕 / 冥诞 (míngdàn)
冥資 / 冥资
冥通
冥途 (míngtú)
冥鈔 / 冥钞 (míngchāo)
冥錢 / 冥钱
冥鏹 / 冥镪
冥靈 / 冥灵 (mínglíng)
冥頑 / 冥顽 (míngwán)
冥頑不靈 / 冥顽不灵 (míngwánbùlíng)
冥鴻 / 冥鸿
冥默
北冥
南冥 (nánmíng)
四冥
巊冥 / 𪩎冥
幽冥 (yōumíng)
幽冥地府
幽冥戒 (Yōumíng jiè)
悄冥冥
悄悄冥冥
晦冥 (huìmíng)
杳冥
沉冥
混冥
渺渺冥冥
玄冥
穹冥
窅冥
窈冥
窈窈冥冥
西冥
邈冥冥
青冥
風雨晦冥 / 风雨晦冥
鴻飛冥冥 / 鸿飞冥冥
Mandarin
(Pinyin): mián (mian2)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
  * Hanyu Pinyin: mián
  * Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˊ
  * Tongyong Pinyin: mián
  * Wade–Giles: mien2
  * Yale: myán
  * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mian
  * Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
  * Sinological IPA (key): /mi̯ɛn³⁵/

冥

only used in 顛冥／颠冥

Mandarin
(Pinyin): miàn (mian4)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
  * Hanyu Pinyin: miàn
  * Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˋ
  * Tongyong Pinyin: miàn
  * Wade–Giles: mien4
  * Yale: myàn
  * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miann
  * Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
  * Sinological IPA (key): /mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

冥

only used in 冥眴

“冥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “冥”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 159.

冥

(Jōyō kanji)

dark
Synonym: 溟
underworld; the world of dead people

Go-on: みょう (myō, Jōyō)←_みやう_ (myau, historical)
Kan-on: めい (mei, Jōyō)←_めい_ (mei, historical)
Kun: よも (yomo)、_よみ_ (yomi)、_くらい_ (kurai, 冥い)
冥(みょう)冥(みょう) (myōmyō) (溟(みょう)溟(みょう))
冥(めい)暗(あん), 冥(めい)闇(あん) (meian)
冥(めい)海(かい) (meikai) (溟(めい)海(かい))
冥(めい)晦(かい) (meikai)
冥(めい)頑(がん) (meigan)
冥(めい)愚(ぐ) (meigu)
冥(めい)契(けい) (meikei)
冥(めい)鴻(こう) (meikō)
冥(めい)合(ごう) (meigō)
冥(めい)色(しょく) (meishoku) (瞑(めい)色(しょく))
冥(めい)棲(せい) (meisei)
冥(めい)想(そう) (meisō) (瞑(めい)想(そう))
冥(めい)捜(そう) (meisō) (瞑(めい)捜(そう))
冥(めい)漠(ばく), 冥(めい)邈(ばく) (meibaku)
冥(めい)茫(ぼう), 冥(めい)芒(ぼう) (meibō)
冥(めい)昧(まい) (meimai)
冥(めい)冥(めい) (meimei) (溟(めい)溟(めい))
冥(めい)蒙(もう), 冥(めい)濛(もう) (meimō)
冥(めい)黙(もく) (meimoku)
暗(あん)冥(めい) (anmei)
晦(かい)冥(めい) (kaimei) (晦(かい)暝(めい))
空(くう)冥(めい) (kūmei)
玄(げん)冥(めい) (genmei)
高(こう)冥(めい) (kōmei)
混(こん)冥(めい) (konmei) (混(こん)溟(めい))
紫(し)冥(めい) (shimei)
邃(すい)冥(めい) (suimei)
西(せい)冥(めい) (seimei) (西(せい)溟(めい))
宕(とう)冥(めい) (tōmei)
南(なん)冥(めい) (nanmei) (南(なん)溟(めい))
北(ほく)冥(めい) (hokumei) (北(ほく)溟(めい))
幽(ゆう)冥(めい) (yūmei)
杳(よう)冥(めい) (yōmei)
窅(よう)冥(めい) (yōmei)
窈(よう)冥(めい) (yōmei)
冥(みょう)界(かい) (myōkai)
冥(みょう)官(かん) (myōkan)
冥(みょう)鬼(き) (myōki)
冥(みょう)顕(げん) (myōgen)
冥(みょう)衆(しゅ) (myōshu)
冥(みょう)道(どう) (myōdō)
冥(みょう)罰(ばつ) (myōbatsu)
冥(みょう)福(ふく) (myōfuku)
冥(めい)王(おう) (meiō)
冥(めい)王(おう)星(せい) (meiōsei)
冥(めい)界(かい) (meikai)
冥(めい)鬼(き) (meiki)
冥(めい)器(き) (meiki)
冥(めい)境(きょう) (meikyō)
冥(めい)土(ど), 冥(めい)途(ど) (meido)
冥(めい)罰(ばつ) (meibatsu)
冥(めい)府(ふ) (meifu)
冥(めい)福(ふく) (meifuku)
冥(めい)報(ほう) (meihō)
冥(めい)霊(れい) (meirei)
冥(めい)路(ろ) (meiro)
沈(ちん)冥(みょう) (chinmyō)
冥(みょう)応(おう) (myōō)
冥(みょう)恩(おん) (myōon)
冥(みょう)加(が) (myōga)
冥(みょう)感(かん) (myōkan)
冥(みょう)鑑(かん) (myōkan)
冥(みょう)譴(かん) (myōkan)
冥(みょう)護(ご) (myōgo)
冥(みょう)助(じょ) (myōjo)
冥(みょう)利(り) (myōri)
冥(みょう)慮(りょ) (myōryo)
冥(めい)応(おう) (meiō)
冥(めい)感(かん) (meikan)
冥(めい)佑(ゆう), 冥(めい)祐(ゆう) (meiyū)
冥(めい)慮(りょ) (meiryo)
青(せい)冥(めい) (seimei)
蒼(そう)冥(めい) (sōmei)
沈(ちん)冥(めい) (chinmei)

冥 (eumhun 어두울 명 (eoduul myeong))

hanja form? of 명 (“dark, gloomy, night”)
hanja form? of 명 (“deep”)

冥: Hán Nôm readings: minh, mênh, mưng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{[rfdef](/wiki/Template:rfdef#top "Template:rfdef")}}.

Categories: