威 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

Stroke order
Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Japan(Swap strokes 9 and 8 for Taiwan.)

威 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹一女 (IHMV), four-corner 53200, composition ⿵戌女)

𠋘, 喴, 㙎, 媙, 𫶆, 揻, 𣸵, 隇, 𮞩, 楲, 𥔃, 縅, 𦩬, 蝛, 𨩆, 鰄, 𨜠, 𦞏, 崴, 葳, 𬕚
Kangxi Dictionary: page 261, character 24
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6259
Dae Jaweon: page 527, character 27
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1404, character 1
Unihan data for U+5A01

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ------- | | 崴 | *qruːl | | 威 | *qul | | 葳 | *qul | | 隇 | *qul | | 蝛 | *qul | | 鰄 | *qul | | 楲 | *qul |

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 戌 + 女.

trad.	威
simp. #	威

畏 (OC *quls, “to fear”) is the exoactive derivation of 威 (OC *qul, “to overawe”), literally "to be intimidated" (Schuessler, 2007). In early writing, the character for 畏 was sometimes used directly as a substitute of 威 (wēi) (e.g. in the Da Yu ding inscription).

鬼 (OC *kulʔ, “ghost”) is a derivation (Baxter and Sagart, 1998).

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wēi (wei1)
(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei1
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai1
(Taishan, Wiktionary): vei1
Gan (Wiktionary): ui1
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): vî
(Meixian, Guangdong): vi1
Jin (Wiktionary): vei1
Northern Min (KCR): ṳ́
Eastern Min (BUC): ŭi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): ui
(Teochew, Peng'im): ui1
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ue
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei1

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
  * Hanyu Pinyin: wēi
  * Zhuyin: ㄨㄟ
  * Tongyong Pinyin: wei
  * Wade–Giles: wei1
  * Yale: wēi
  * Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uei
  * Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  * Sinological IPA (key): /weɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  * Sichuanese Pinyin: wei1
  * Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
  * Sinological IPA (key): /uei⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  * Jyutping: wai1
  * Yale: wāi
  * Cantonese Pinyin: wai1
  * Guangdong Romanization: wei1
  * Sinological IPA (key): /wɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  * Wiktionary: vei1
  * Sinological IPA (key): /vei³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  * Wiktionary: ui1
  * Sinological IPA (key): /ui⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  * Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vî
  * Hakka Romanization System: viˊ
  * Hagfa Pinyim: vi1
  * Sinological IPA: /vi²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  * Guangdong: vi1
  * Sinological IPA: /ʋi⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
  * Wiktionary: vei1
  * Sinological IPA (old-style): /vei¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  * Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ́
  * Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  * Bàng-uâ-cê: ŭi
  * Sinological IPA (key): /ui⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ui
  * Tâi-lô: ui
  * Phofsit Daibuun: uy
  * IPA (Xiamen): /ui⁴⁴/
  * IPA (Quanzhou): /ui³³/
  * IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui⁴⁴/
  * IPA (Taipei): /ui⁴⁴/
  * IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  * Peng'im: ui1
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ui
  * Sinological IPA (key): /ui³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  * Wugniu: 1ue
  * MiniDict: ue平
  * Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1ue
  * Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  * Wiktionary: uei1
  * Sinological IPA (key): /u̯e̞i̯³³/

Dialectal data

Middle Chinese: 'jw+j
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔuj/
(Zhengzhang): /*qul/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	威
Reading #	1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin)	wēi
MiddleChinese	‹ ʔjwɨj ›
OldChinese	/*ʔuj/
English	awe-inspiring
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	威
Reading #	1/1
No.	12789
Phoneticcomponent	威
Rimegroup	微
Rimesubdivision	2
CorrespondingMC rime	威
OldChinese	/*qul/

威

pomp
power
powerful
to dominate; to display power
(Cantonese) imposing; awe-inspiring
(Cantonese) to be imposing; to be awe-inspiring
a surname

trad.	威
simp. #	威

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ui

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  * Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ui
  * Tâi-lô: ui
  * Phofsit Daibuun: uy
  * IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ui⁴⁴/
  * IPA (Quanzhou): /ui³³/

威

(Hokkien) Alternative form of 揻 (ui, “to prick; to poke; to bore”)
- 阿片無食脚手軟無錢半步不出門威空扒壁提來當有錢歸冥燒到光 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _trad._]
  阿片无食脚手软无钱半步不出门威空扒壁提来当有钱归冥烧到光 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _simp._]
  From: 1933, 勸改阿片新歌
  a-phiàn bô chia̍h kha-chhiú nńg, bô chîⁿ pòaⁿ pō͘ m̄ chhut-mn̂g, ui khang peh piah the̍h lâi tǹg, ū chîⁿ kui-mî sio kàu kng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  If he does not smoke opium, his limbs are weak; without money, he does not go out for half a step. Boring holes and climbing walls, he takes [things] to pawn; with money, he smokes all night until dawn.
- 親像針一直威一直威入阮的心 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _trad._]
  亲像针一直威一直威入阮的心 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _simp._]
  From: 2015, 薇芯 (lyrics), 江紓雯 (music), 天頂星, performed by 秀蘭瑪雅
  chhin-chhiūⁿ chiam it-ti̍t ui it-ti̍t ui ji̍p gún ê sim [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  It is like a needle constantly poking, constantly poking into my heart
- 怎樣放捨我做你來離開無緣作堆心像針威 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _trad._]
  怎样放舍我做你来离开无缘作堆心像针威 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _simp._]
  From: 2016, 高以德 (lyrics), 吳靜慧 (music), 月娘啊月娘, performed by 鳳娘
  chóaⁿ-iūⁿ pàng-sak góa, chòe lí lâi lī-khui, bô-iân chòe-tui, sim chhiūⁿ chiam ui [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  How did you abandon me? I let you leave, We were not destined to be together, my heart is aching like a needle is pricking it
- 海風青冷吹著心若針威 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _trad._]
  海风青冷吹着心若针威 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _simp._]
  From: 2020, 陳百潭 (lyrics and music), 霧中情, performed by 陳百潭 and 方千玉
  hái-hong chhiⁿ-léng, chhoe-tio̍h sim ná chiam ui [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  The chilly breeze from the sea is blowing at my heart, as if a needle is pricking it
- 阮的心像針威塊滴血 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _trad._]
  阮的心像针威块滴血 [Taiwanese Hokkien, _simp._]
  From: 2022, 郭之儀 (lyrics), 鄭喬安 (music), 落花, performed by 林良歡
  gún ê sim chhiūⁿ chiam ui teh tih hoeh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  My heart is like a needle is pricking it until it drips with blood

威

(Jōyō kanji)

Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)←_ゐ_ (wi, historical)
Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)←_ゐ_ (wi, historical)
Kun: おどす (odosu, 威す)、_おどし_ (odoshi, 威し)、_おどかす_ (odokasu, 威かす)
Nanori: いさ (isa)、_たけ_ (take)、_たけし_ (takeshi)

Kanji in this term
威
いGrade: S
on'yomi

/wi/ → /i/

From Middle Chinese 威 (MC 'jw+j).

(Tokyo) い [íꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA(key): [i]

威(い) • (i) ←**ゐ** (wi)?

power; might; strength; authority

威(い) • (i) ←**ゐ** (wi)?

power; might; strength; authority; dignity; majesty

Derived terms

威(い)力(りょく) (iryoku): power, might
威(い)勢(せい) (isei): spirits, power
威(い)張(ば)る (ibaru): put on airs, boast
権(けん)威(い) (ken'i): authority, power
示(じ)威(い) (jī): show of force
猛(もう)威(い) (mōi): fierceness, fury
球(きゅう)威(い)の有(あ)る投(とう)球(きゅう) (kyūi no aru tōkyū): powerful delivery
威(い)厳(げん) (igen): solemn dignity
威(い)風(ふう) (ifū): majesty, dignity
威(い)容(よう) (iyō): dignified appearance
威(い)儀(ぎ) (igi): dignity, dignified manner
威(い)信(しん) (ishin): prestige, dignity
威(い)圧(あつ) (iatsu): coercion, high-handedness
威(い)嚇(かく) (ikaku): intimidate, threaten
脅(きょう)威(い) (kyōi): threat, menace

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

威 (eumhun 위엄 위 (wieom wi))

dignity

위화도회군 (威化島回軍, wihwadohoegun)

威: Hán Nôm readings: uy, oai

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