柳 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

See also: 枊

柳 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木竹竹中 (DHHL), four-corner 47920, composition ⿰木卯)

simp. and trad. 柳
alternative forms 枊栁桺橮 ancient𫞉

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | --------------------------- | | 卯 | *mruːʔ | | 昴 | *mruːʔ | | 泖 | *mruːʔ | | 茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ | | 奅 | *m̥ʰruːs | | 窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus | | 聊 | *m·rɯːw | | 貿 | *mlus | | 鄮 | *mlus | | 劉 | *m·ru | | 留 | *m·ru, *m·rus | | 蒥 | *m·ru | | 鶹 | *m·ru | | 騮 | *m·ru | | 榴 | *m·ru | | 瑠 | *ru | | 瘤 | *m·ru, *m·rus | | 遛 | *m·ru | | 鎦 | *m·ru | | 飀 | *m·ru | | 鰡 | *m·ru | | 嵧 | *m·ru | | 餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus | | 瀏 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ | | 懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ | | 柳 | *m·ruʔ | | 珋 | *m·ruʔ | | 罶 | *m·ruʔ | | 嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus | | 溜 | *m·rus | | 霤 | *m·rus | | 廇 | *m·rus | | 塯 | *m·rus |

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ruʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 卯 (OC *mruːʔ) in oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions.

Later 桺 (semantic 木 + phonetic 丣 (OC *luʔ)) in small seal script.

The glyph finally turned back to 木 (mù) + 卯 (mǎo) in the current form.

Smith (2011) reconstructs *[m-]ruʔ, with volitional or agentic prefix *m- (see Sagart, 1999) and root verb 流 (OC r(j)u) "to flow", resulting in *m-ruu "(cause to flow >) pour out, empty". If unprefixed, 柳 means "the flowing one"; if prefixed, "the pouring one". Recall English weeping willow.

Note:

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 柳
Reading # 1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) liǔ
MiddleChinese ‹ ljuwX ›
OldChinese /*([m]ə.)ruʔ/
English willow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 柳
Reading # 1/1
No. 8897
Phoneticcomponent 卯
Rimegroup 幽
Rimesubdivision 1
CorrespondingMC rime 柳
OldChinese /*m·ruʔ/

柳

  1. willow, a member of the genus Salix
  2. (in compounds) fillet
    雞柳／鸡柳 ― jīliǔ ― chicken fillet
    牛柳 ― niúliǔ ― beef tenderloin
    豬柳／猪柳 ― zhūliǔ ― pork fillet
    蟹柳 ― xièliǔ ― crab stick
  3. a surname
    柳宗元 ― Liǔ Zōngyuán ― Liu Zongyuan (Tang dynasty writer)

柳

(Jōyō kanji)

Kanji in this term
柳
やなぎGrade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 柳 – see the following entry.
【やなぎ】 [noun] 柳, 楊, 楊柳: [circa 759] a willow tree [noun] 柳, 楊柳: [999] a style of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “color combination by layering of garments”), with white on the front and greenish-blue (or yellowish-green) on the back [noun] 柳, 楊柳: Short for 柳色 (yanagi-iro): a dark yellow-green color, as from a willow leaf [noun] 柳: (card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of November [proper noun] 柳: a surname Alternative spellings楊, 楊柳, ヤナギ
(This term, 柳, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
Kanji in this term
柳
やぎGrade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 柳 – see the following entry.
(This term, 柳, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
Kanji in this term
柳
りゅうGrade: S
kun'yomi

/riu/ → /rjuː/

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 柳 (MC ljuwX). While the affix is cited in the 700s with this reading, the proper noun is first cited to a text from the mid-1400s.[1]

柳(りゅう) • (ryū) ←**りう** (riu)?

  1. [from 700s] willow, especially weeping willow
  2. [from 700s] thin as a willow leaf

柳(りゅう) • (Ryū) ←**りう** (Riu)?

  1. [from mid-1400s] (Chinese astronomy) the Willow as one of the twenty-eight mansions
    Synonym: 柳宿 (Ryūshuku)

  2. a female given name

  3. a surname

  4. ^ “柳”, in 日本国語大辞典‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Wikisource

柳 (eumhun 버들 류 (beodeul ryu), word-initial (South Korea) 버들 유 (beodeul yu))

  1. hanja form? of 류/유 (“willow tree”)

柳: Hán Nôm readings: liễu, lẫu, lãu

  1. Chữ Hán form of Liễu (“a surname from Chinese.”).

柳

  1. Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)