申 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

See also: 田 [U+7530 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7530], 甲 [U+7532 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7532], 由 [U+7531 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7531], and 𢑚 [U+2245A CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2245A]
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🈸 U+1F238, 🈸 SQUARED CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7533 ← 🈷 [U+1F237] Enclosed Ideographic Supplement 🈹 → [U+1F239]
Stroke order

申 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中田中 (LWL), four-corner 50006, composition ⿻日丨 or ⿻囗十)

simp. and trad. 申
alternative forms 𢑚𦥔伸 “to extend; to stretch; to state; to explain”𤰶𠭙𢑚𦥔伸 “to extend; to stretch; to state; to explain”𤰶𠭙𦦀𠭜

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | --------------- | | 電 | *l'iːns | | 胂 | *l̥ʰin, *hlin | | 申 | *hlin | | 伸 | *hlin | | 呻 | *hlin | | 紳 | *hlin | | 眒 | *hlin, *hlins | | 柛 | *hlin | | 訷 | *hlin | | 抻 | *hlins | | 神 | *hlin | | 朄 | *lins |

Pictogram (象形) — a bolt of lightning. Original character of 電 (OC *l'iːns, “lightning”) and 神 (OC *hlin, “god; deity; spirit”).

“to extend; to state; to request; to announce; again”

From 引 (OC *linʔ, *lins, “to pull; to draw”) + devoicing causative or iterative (Schuessler, 2007).

9th earthly branch

From sense "to extend", denoting the moon's "extending" phase, i.e. waxing half-moon with a concave edge (Smith, 2010).

For its association with the monkey, compare Proto-Tai *liːŋᴬ (“monkey”), Proto-Hmong *ʔlinᴬ (“monkey”), and Proto-Mien *ʔbiŋᴬ (“monkey”).

“Shanghai”

From 春申江 (Chūnshēnjiāng), an alternative name of 黃浦江／黄浦江 (Huángpǔjiāng), the largest river in Shanghai.

Note:

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 申
Reading # 1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) shēn
MiddleChinese ‹ syin ›
OldChinese /*l̥i[n]/
English 9th earthly branch
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 申
Reading # 1/1
No. 11235
Phoneticcomponent 申
Rimegroup 眞
Rimesubdivision 1
CorrespondingMC rime 申
OldChinese /*hlin/
Notes 甲金文象閃電，後轉註爲電字

申

  1. † Original form of 電／电 (diàn, “lightning”).
  2. to extend; to stretch
  3. to state; to explain
    三令五申 ― sānlìngwǔshēn ― to repeat and reaffirm the commands multiple times
  4. to request; to report
  5. to announce; to express
  6. † again; repeatedly
    申命記／申命记 ― Shēnmìngjì ― Book of Deuteronomy (lit. book of reaffirmation of laws)
  7. ninth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
    1. monkey of the Chinese zodiac
    2. 3 to 5 p.m.
    3. seventh month of the Chinese calendar
  8. (～國) Shen (vassal state during the Zhou dynasty)
  9. Alternative name for 上海 (Shànghǎi, “Shanghai”).
  10. † Alternative form of 神 (“deity”)
  11. a surname

申

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (humble) to speak
  2. the monkey, one of the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac
Kanji in this term
申
さるGrade: 3
kun'yomi

From 猿 (saru, “monkey”).

申(さる) • (Saru)

  1. the Monkey, the ninth of the twelve Earthly Branches
    Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥
Kanji in this term
申
しんGrade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 申 (syin).

申(しん) • (Shin)

  1. the Monkey, the ninth of the twelve Earthly Branches
    Hypernyms: 十二支, 地支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Wikisource

申 (eumhun 펼칠 신 (pyeolchil sin))

  1. hanja form? of 신 (“to extend; to stretch”)

申: Hán Nôm readings: thân

  1. chữ Hán form of Thân (“ninth of the twelve earthly branches”).
    Hypernyms: 地支, 十二支
    Coordinate terms: 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥