福 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
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福 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火一口田 (IFMRW), four-corner 31266, composition ⿰礻畐(GHTJV) or ⿰⺬畐(K))
Commons:Category
- 𫴗, 䕐, 𤑐
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 845, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24768
- Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2404, character 3
- Unihan data for U+798F
- Unihan data for U+FA1B
- Unihan data for U+2F956
simp. and trad. | 福 |
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alternative forms | 畗 ancient茀 |
Wikipedia has articles on:
| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | ------------------------ | | 富 | *pɯɡs | | 輻 | *pɯɡs, *pɯɡ | | 副 | *pʰɯɡs, *pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ | | 褔 | *pʰɯɡs | | 蔔 | *bɯːɡ | | 匐 | *bɯːɡ, *bɯɡ | | 逼 | *prɯɡ | | 偪 | *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ | | 幅 | *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ | | 楅 | *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ | | 湢 | *prɯɡ | | 堛 | *pʰrɯɡ | | 愊 | *pʰrɯɡ | | 踾 | *pʰrɯɡ, *brɯɡ, *pɯɡ | | 揊 | *pʰrɯɡ | | 稫 | *pʰrɯɡ | | 畐 | *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ | | 疈 | *pʰrɯɡ | | 腷 | *brɯɡ | | 鶝 | *brɯɡ, *pɯɡ | | 福 | *pɯɡ | | 蝠 | *pɯɡ | | 葍 | *pɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *pɯɡ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).
Proto-Sino-Tibetan [Term?]. Cognate with 富 (OC *pɯɡs, “rich”), Tibetan ཕྱུགས (phyugs, “livestock”).
- Mandarin
(Pinyin): fú (fu2)
(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ - Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fuk1
(Taishan, Wiktionary): fuuk2 - Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fuk
(Meixian, Guangdong): fug5 - Jin (Wiktionary): feh4
- Northern Min (KCR): hŭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): hók
- Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hok
(Teochew, Peng'im): hog4 - Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7foq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: fú
* Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
* Tongyong Pinyin: fú
* Wade–Giles: fu2
* Yale: fú
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
* Palladius: фу (fu)
* Sinological IPA (key): /fu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: fuk1
* Yale: fūk
* Cantonese Pinyin: fuk7
* Guangdong Romanization: fug1
* Sinological IPA (key): /fʊk̚⁵/ - (Taishanese, Taicheng)
* Wiktionary: fuuk2
* Sinological IPA (key): /fɵk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
* Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fuk
* Hakka Romanization System: fugˋ
* Hagfa Pinyim: fug5
* Sinological IPA: /fuk̚²/ - (Meixian)
* Guangdong: fug5
* Sinological IPA: /fʊk̚¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
* Wiktionary: feh4
* Sinological IPA (old-style): /fəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
* Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hŭ
* Sinological IPA (key): /xu²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
* Bàng-uâ-cê: hók
* Sinological IPA (key): /houʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Middle Chinese: pjuwk
Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pək/
(Zhengzhang): /*pɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
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Character | 福 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) | fú |
MiddleChinese | ‹ pjuwk › |
OldChinese | /*pək/ |
English | blessing |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
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Character | 福 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 3395 |
Phoneticcomponent | 畐 |
Rimegroup | 職 |
Rimesubdivision | 0 |
CorrespondingMC rime | 福 |
OldChinese | /*pɯɡ/ |
福
- blessing; happiness; prosperity; good fortune
口福 ― kǒufú ― gourmet's luck
享福 ― xiǎngfú ― to enjoy a happy life
托你的福 ― tuō nǐ de fú ― thanks to you
禍福相依/祸福相依 ― huòfúxiàngyī ― fortune and misfortune are interdependent
福如東海/福如东海 ― fúrúdōnghǎi ― to have boundless happiness- 彌月不遲,是生后稷,降之百福。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, _trad._]
弥月不迟,是生后稷,降之百福。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, _simp._]
From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Míyuè bù chí, shì shēng Hòujì, jiàng zhī bǎi fú. [Pinyin]
Immediately, when her months were fulfilled,
She gave birth to Hou-ji.
On him were conferred all blessings.
- 彌月不遲,是生后稷,降之百福。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, _trad._]
- (obsolete) to bless
- Short for 福建 (Fújiàn, “Fujian”).
- a surname. Fu
(blessing): 幸福 (xìngfú)
(good fortune):
好彩 (Hakka, obsolete or Cantonese)
福分 (fúfèn)
福祉 (fúzhǐ) (literary)
福祚 (fúzuò) (literary)
造化 (zàohua)
(antonym(s) of “blessing”): (literary, or in compounds) 禍/祸 (huò)
下福 (Xiàfú)
五福 (wǔfú)
享福 (xiǎngfú)
仁福 (Rénfú)
作威作福 (zuòwēizuòfú)
全家福 (quánjiāfú)
口福 (kǒufú)
同福 (Tóngfú)
大福 (dàfú)
威福 (wēifú)
安福寺 (Ānfúsì)
幸福 (xìngfú)
惜福 (xīfú)
成福 (Chéngfú)
托福 (tuōfú)
折福 (zhéfú)
新福 (Xīnfú)
民福 (Mínfú)
洪福 (hóngfú)
清福 (qīngfú)
百福 (Bǎifú)
百福司 (Bǎifúsī)
眼福 (yǎnfú)
祈福 (qífú)
祝福 (zhùfú)
神福 (shénfú)
福份 (fúfèn)
福分 (fúfèn)
福利 (fúlì)
福地 (fúdì)
福安 (Fú'ān)
福山 (Fúshān)
福州 (Fúzhōu)
福德 (fúdé)
福德正神 (Fúdé Zhèngshén)
福成 (Fúchéng)
福星 (fúxīng)
福星高照 (fúxīnggāozhào)
福田 (fútián)
福田寺 (Fútiánsì)
福田河 (Fútiánhé)
福相 (fúxiàng)
福祉 (fúzhǐ)
福音 (fúyīn)
福食 (fúshí)
耳福 (ěrfú)
自求多福 (zìqiúduōfú)
西福 (Xīfú)
造福 (zàofú)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
* Hanyu Pinyin: fù
* Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
* Tongyong Pinyin: fù
* Wade–Giles: fu4
* Yale: fù
* Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
* Palladius: фу (fu)
* Sinological IPA (key): /fu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
* Jyutping: fu3
* Yale: fu
* Cantonese Pinyin: fu3
* Guangdong Romanization: fu3
* Sinological IPA (key): /fuː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: phjuwH
福
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiahⁿ
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
* Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiahⁿ
* Tâi-lô: hiannh
* Phofsit Daibuun: hviaq
* IPA (Quanzhou): /hiãʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
福
- “福”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Shinjitai | 福 | |
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Kyūjitai[1] | 福福or福+︀? | |
福󠄁福+󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
福󠄃福+󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi)(Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.See here for details. |
福
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 福)
- Go-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
- Kun: さいわい (saiwai, 福い)←_さいはひ_ (saifafi, 福ひ, historical)
- Nanori: さき (saki)、_さち_ (sachi)、_たる_ (taru)、_とし_ (toshi)、_とみ_ (tomi)、_ね_ (ne)、_ふ_ (fu)、_ふき_ (fuki)、_ぼく_ (boku)、_むら_ (mura)、_もと_ (moto)、_よ_ (yo)、_よし_ (yoshi)
Kanji in this term |
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福 |
ふくGrade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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福 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 福 (MC pjuwk).
- 福木(フクギ) (fukugi)
- 福(ふく)祉(し) (fukushi)
- 福(ふく)島(しま) (Fukushima)
- 福(ふく)相(そう) (fukusō)
- 福(ふく)徳(とく) (fukutoku)
- 福(ふく)利(り) (fukuri)
- 福(ふく)禄(ろく) (fukuroku)
- 福(ふく)禄(ろく)寿(じゅ) (Fukurokuju): Fukurokuju; one of the seven gods of good fortune
- 大(おお)福(ぶく) (ōbuku)
- 禍(か)福(ふく) (kafuku)
- 幸(こう)福(ふく) (kōfuku, “happiness”)
- 至(し)福(ふく) (shifuku)
- 祝(しゅく)福(ふく) (shukufuku)
- 浄(じょう)福(ふく) (jōfuku)
- 清(せい)福(ふく) (seifuku)
- 大(だい)福(ふく) (daifuku)
- 多(た)福(ふく) (tafuku)
- 追(つい)福(ふく) (tsuifuku)
- 万(ばん)福(ぷく) (banpuku), 万(まん)福(ぷく) (manpuku)
- 冥(みょう)福(ふく) (myōfuku), 冥(めい)福(ふく) (meifuku)
- 裕(ゆう)福(ふく) (yūfuku)
福(ふく) • (fuku) -na (adnominal 福(ふく)な (fuku na), adverbial 福(ふく)に (fuku ni))
Stem forms | |||
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Imperfective (未然形) | 福だろ | ふくだろ | fuku daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 福で | ふくで | fuku de |
Terminal (終止形) | 福だ | ふくだ | fuku da |
Attributive (連体形) | 福な | ふくな | fuku na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 福なら | ふくなら | fuku nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 福であれ | ふくであれ | fuku de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 福ではない福じゃない | ふくではないふくじゃない | fuku de wa naifuku ja nai |
Informal past | 福だった | ふくだった | fuku datta |
Informal negative past | 福ではなかった福じゃなかった | ふくではなかったふくじゃなかった | fuku de wa nakattafuku ja nakatta |
Formal | 福です | ふくです | fuku desu |
Formal negative | 福ではありません福じゃありません | ふくではありませんふくじゃありません | fuku de wa arimasenfuku ja arimasen |
Formal past | 福でした | ふくでした | fuku deshita |
Formal negative past | 福ではありませんでした福じゃありませんでした | ふくではありませんでしたふくじゃありませんでした | fuku de wa arimasen deshitafuku ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 福で | ふくで | fuku de |
Conditional | 福なら(ば) | ふくなら(ば) | fuku nara (ba) |
Provisional | 福だったら | ふくだったら | fuku dattara |
Volitional | 福だろう | ふくだろう | fuku darō |
Adverbial | 福に | ふくに | fuku ni |
Degree | 福さ | ふくさ | fukusa |
- a placename
- a surname
- a female given name
^ “福”, in 漢字ぺディア[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [po̞k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [복]