ferment - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From Middle English ferment, from Middle French ferment, from Latin fermentāre (“to leaven, ferment”), from fermentum (“substance causing fermentation”), possibly from contraction of *fervimentum, from fervēre. See also fervent.
- (verb):
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /fəˈmɛnt/
- (General American) IPA(key): /fɚˈmɛnt/
- Rhymes: -ɛnt
- (noun):
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈfɜː.mɛnt/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈfɚ.mɛnt/
ferment (third-person singular simple present ferments, present participle fermenting, simple past and past participle fermented)
- To react, using fermentation; especially to produce alcohol by aging or by allowing yeast to act on sugars; to brew.
- 2020 November 18, Drachinifel, 6:21 from the start, in The Salvage of Pearl Harbor Pt 2 - Up She Rises![1], archived from the original on 22 October 2022:
The cleanup job would turn out to be possibly second only to body-recovery duty in terms of being a job that nobody wanted to get assigned to. Imagine, for a moment, a thick soup of oil, paper, ink, clothing, raw meat and other fresh provisions, and worse, that had all been left to collect together in semi-warm water, all enclosed in a large metal container that had then been subjected to heating by first fire and then repeated warm Hawaiian days, and then left to ferment for over a month, and then with most of the water drained away and all the remaining solid and semi-liquid mass collecting together in pools and heaps across multiple decks, still in a relatively-enclosed environment.
- 2020 November 18, Drachinifel, 6:21 from the start, in The Salvage of Pearl Harbor Pt 2 - Up She Rises![1], archived from the original on 22 October 2022:
- To stir up, agitate, cause unrest or excitement in.
- a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Winter”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 165, lines 10–14:
Pleas'd have I wander'd thro' your rough domain; / Trod the pure virgin-ſnows, myſelf as pure; / Heard the winds roar, and the big torrent burſt; / Or ſeen the deep fermenting tempeſt brew'd, / In the grim evening ſky.
- a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Winter”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 165, lines 10–14:
yeast (verb)
to react using fermentation
- Albanian: thar (sq), ngrydh
- Arabic: خَمَرَ (ar) (ḵamara)
- Armenian: խմորել (hy) (xmorel)
- Basque: hartzitu
- Bulgarian: ферменти́рам (bg) (fermentíram), кипя (bg) (kipja)
- Burmese: အချဉ်ဖောက် (my) (a.hkyanyhpauk)
- Catalan: fermentar (ca)
- Chinese:
Mandarin: 發酵 / 发酵 (zh) (fājiào) - Czech: kvasit (cs)
- Danish: gære, fermentere
- Dutch: gisten (nl)
- Esperanto: fermenti
- Estonian: käärima
- Finnish: käyttää (fi), panna käymään
- French: fermenter (fr)
- Galician: fermentar (gl), cocer (gl)
- Georgian: ფერმენტირდება (permenṭirdeba), აფერმენტირებს (apermenṭirebs)
- German: gären (de)
- Greek: αναβράζω (el) (anavrázo), ζυμώνω (el) (zymóno)
- Hawaiian: hū
- Hebrew: הִתְסִיס (hit'sís)
- Hungarian: erjeszt (hu)
- Icelandic: gerja
- Irish: coip
- Italian: fermentare (it)
- Japanese: 発酵する (ja) (はっこうする, hakkō suru)
- Kapampangan: buru
- Khmer: ផ្អាប់ទុក (phʼap tuk), ឡើង (km) (laəng) (of dough)
- Komi:
Komi-Zyrian: шутны (šutny) - Korean: 발효하다 (ko) (balhyohada)
- Lao: please add this translation if you can
- Latin: fermentō
- Latvian: rūgt (lv), raudzēt (lv), rudzināt
- Lü: please add this translation if you can
- Macedonian: врие (vrie), се кваси (se kvasi), ферменти́ра (fermentíra)
- Malayalam: പുളിപ്പിക്കുക (ml) (puḷippikkuka) (transitive), പുളിക്കുക (ml) (puḷikkuka) (intransitive)
- Māori: māhī, māī, moī, whakamoī, mara, whakamara (esp. of seafood), toroī, rēwena
- Mizo: ṭâwng
- Mongolian: хөөх (mn) (xööx), исэх (mn) (isex)
- Naga:
Khiamniungan Naga: tháng - Norwegian:
Bokmål: fermentere, gjære - Polish: fermentować (pl) impf, sfermentować (pl) pf, kisić (pl) impf, skisić pf, ukisić pf, zakisić pf
- Portuguese: fermentar (pt)
- Quechua: p'uchquy
- Romanian: fermenta (ro), dospi (ro)
- Russian: броди́ть (ru) (brodítʹ) (intransitive), ферменти́ровать (ru) (fermentírovatʹ), ква́сить (ru) (kvásitʹ) (transitive)
- Spanish: fermentar (es)
- Swedish: jäsa (sv), fermentera (sv)
- Tahitian: hōpue
- Thai: หมัก (th) (màk)
- Turkish: mayalamak (tr)
- Udmurt: шутыны (šutyny)
- Ukrainian: броди́ти (uk) impf (brodýty) (intransitive), ферментува́ти impf (fermentuváty)
- Vietnamese: lên men (vi)
- Volapük: färmäntön (vo)
- Welsh: eplesu (cy)
- Yiddish: יוירן (yoyrn), יערן (yern), גערן (gern), ייִרן (yirn), אירן (irn)
- Yoruba: bà
ferment (plural ferments)
- Something, such as a yeast or barm, that causes fermentation.
- A state of agitation or of turbulent change.
- a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation:
Subdue and cool the ferment of desire. - 14 November, 1770, Junius, letter to the Right Honourable Lord Mansfield
The nation is in a ferment. - 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 104
Clad in a Persian-Renaissance gown and a widow's tiara of white batiste, Mrs Thoroughfare, in all the ferment of a Marriage-Christening, left her chamber on vapoury autumn day and descending a few stairs, and climbing a few others, knocked a trifle brusquely at her son's wife's door. - 2001, Bernard E. Harcourt, chapter 5, in Illusion of Order:
Proponents of the broken windows theory assume that [disorder] means a neighborhood has lost control and doesn't care about crime. But surely there are other plausible meanings. It could signal artistic ferment, a youth hangout, rebellion, or an alternative lifestyle.
- a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation:
- A gentle internal motion of the constituent parts of a fluid; fermentation.
- A catalyst.
substance causing fermentation
- Bulgarian: ферме́нт (bg) m (fermént), мая (bg) f (maja)
- Catalan: ferment (ca) m
- Dutch: gist (nl)
- Finnish: hapate (fi), fermentti, käyte (fi)
- French: ferment (fr) m
- Galician: fermento (gl) m
- German: Gärmittel
- Irish: gabháil f
- Italian: fermento (it) m
- Korean: 발효소(醱酵素) (balhyoso)
- Latin: fermentum n
- Macedonian: маја f (maja), ферме́нт m (fermént)
- Portuguese: fermento (pt) m
- Romanian: ferment (ro) m, enzimă (ro) f
- Russian: ферме́нт (ru) m (fermént)
- Spanish: fermento (es) m
- Swedish: jäsningsämne n, jäsämne n
- Welsh: eples m
state of agitation
Bulgarian: ферментация f (fermentacija), кипене (bg) n (kipene)
Finnish: kuohunta (fi), käymistila
Irish: corraíl f, suaitheadh m, rírá m
Macedonian: превирање n (previranje)
Russian: возбужде́ние (ru) n (vozbuždénije), волне́ние (ru) n (volnénije)
Welsh: achor m
Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “ferment”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
“ferment”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Fermentation on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
ferment m (plural ferments)
- antiferment
- fermentar
- “ferment”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
ferment
Learned borrowing from Latin fermentum.
ferment m inan
Borrowed from French ferment, from Latin fermentum.
ferment m (plural fermenți)