means - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From mean (“method or course of action used to achieve some result”). Compare French moyens, German Mittel.
- (Received Pronunciation, General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /miːnz/
- (General American, Canada) IPA(key): /minz/
- Rhymes: -iːnz
means
means (plural **means) (countable, often with of or to)
- An instrument or condition to achieve a result. [late 14th c.]
She treated him as a means to an end.
A car is a means of transport.- 1622, Francis Bacon, History of the reign of King Henry VII:
And by this means also he had them the more at vantage, being tired and harassed with a long march; and more at mercy, being cut off far from their country, and therefore not able by any sudden flight to get to retreat, and to renew their troubles. - 2013 June 7, Ed Pilkington, “‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 6:
In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.
- 1622, Francis Bacon, History of the reign of King Henry VII:
Frequently contrasted with end (“goal”), as in “a means to an end”. Similar contrast is process vs. product.
instrument or condition for attaining a purpose
- Afrikaans: middel (af)
- Armenian: հնար (hy) (hnar)
- Belarusian: спо́саб m (spósab), сро́дак m (sródak)
- Bengali: আওকাত (bn) (aōkat)
- Bulgarian: спо́соб (bg) m (spósob), сре́дство (bg) n (srédstvo)
- Catalan: mitjà (ca) m
- Chinese:
Mandarin: 方法 (zh) (fāngfǎ) - Danish: middel (da) n
- Dutch: middel (nl) n
- Esperanto: rimedo (eo)
- Finnish: väline (fi)
- Galician: medio (gl) m
- Georgian: საშუალება (sašualeba), ხერხი (xerxi)
- German: Mittel (de) n
- Greek: μέσο (el) n (méso), δυνατότητες (el) f pl (dynatótites)
- Hebrew: אֶמְצָעִי (he) m (emtzai)
- Hindi: साधन (hi) m (sādhan), संसाधन (hi) m (sansādhan)
- Italian: mezzo (it)
- Japanese: 手段 (ja) (しゅだん, shudan), 方法 (ja) (ほうほう, hōhō)
- Khmer: មធ្យោបាយ (km) (matyoubaay)
- Korean: 방법 (ko) (bangbeop), 수단 (ko) (sudan)
- Latin: īnstrūmentum (la) n, māchināmen n
- Latvian: līdzeklis m
- Norwegian:
Bokmål: middel (no) n
Nynorsk: middel n - Polish: medium (pl) n, środki m pl
- Portuguese: meio (pt)
- Russian: спо́соб (ru) n (spósob), сре́дство (ru) n (srédstvo)
- Spanish: medio (es) m
- Swedish: medel (sv) n
- Ukrainian: спо́сіб (uk) m (spósib), за́сіб (uk) m (zásib)
means pl (plural only)
- (uncountable) Financial resources; wealth. [circa 1600]
a person of means; independent means
He was living beyond his means.- 1676, Richard Baxter, A Treatise of Justifying Righteousness, page 163:
Where there is much means to be used, and conditions yet to be performed, for the continuation and Consummation of our Justification, there it is not yet continued or consummate. - 1921, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary, Authorizing association of producers of agricultural products, page 99:
Then the other 12 packers […] were men without much means, who lived in Fresno
- Substantial wealth.
She is a woman of means.
Hotels that are so priced that only people of means can stay.
- 1676, Richard Baxter, A Treatise of Justifying Righteousness, page 163:
- independent means
- live beyond one's means
- man of means, woman of means
- not by any manner of means
- of means
- private means
- ways and means
resources
- Bulgarian: бога́тство (bg) n (bogátstvo), състоя́ние (bg) n (sǎstojánie), сре́дства (bg) n pl (srédstva)
- Czech: prostředky (cs) m pl
- Dutch: middelen (nl) n pl
- Esperanto: rimedoj (eo) pl
- Finnish: varat (fi) pl, varallisuus (fi)
- French: moyens (fr) m pl
- German: Mittel (de) n
- Hindi: संसाधन (hi) m (sansādhan)
- Irish: gustal m
- Latin: opēs (la) f pl, facultātēs (la) f pl
- Latvian: līdzekļi m pl
- Romanian: mijloace n pl
- Russian: бога́тство (ru) n (bogátstvo), состоя́ние (ru) n (sostojánije), сре́дства (ru) n pl (srédstva)
- Spanish: medios (es) m pl
- Telugu: మూలాధారాలు (mūlādhārālu)
- Turkish: kaynak (tr)
- Ukrainian: бага́тство (uk) n (bahátstvo)
- Zulu: icebo (zu) class 5/6, isu class 5/6
means
- third-person singular simple present indicative of mean
- Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “means (n.)”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “means” under “mean, n.”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “means”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- namés, names, Seman, amens, manes, neams, ñames, Mensa, mesna, mensa, Manes, manse
Present active participle of meō (“go along, traverse”)
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈme.ãːs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈmɛː.ans]
meāns (genitive meantis); third-declension one-termination participle
Third-declension participle.
1When used purely as an adjective.