suma - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

• IPA(key): /s̺uma/ [s̺u.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma, -a
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Borrowed from Spanish suma (“sum”).

suma inan

1. (dated) amount, quantity
   Synonym: kopuru

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

suma inan

1. smell (sense)
   Synonym: usaimen

• “suma”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “suma”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Borrowed from Latin summa.

• IPA(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈsu.mə]
• IPA(key): (Valencia) [ˈsu.ma]

suma f (plural sumes)

1. sum

• en suma

suma

1. inflection of sumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

From Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

suma

1. to reckon
2. to tabulate

Unknown.

suma

1. according to

Inherited from Old Czech suma.

• IPA(key): [ˈsuma]

suma f

1. amount, sum

• “suma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “suma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “suma”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

From Proto-Finnic *sum(p)a.

• IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Syllabification(key): su‧ma
• Hyphenation(key): su‧ma

suma

1. logjam
   Synonym: jumi
2. traffic jam
   Synonym: ruuhka
3. (figuratively, in compounds) accumulation, bunch
   kolarisuma ― pile-up

• sumautua

• kolarisuma

• tukkisuma

• ylisummaan

• “suma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[5] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

• Samu, masu, musa, usma

• IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈs̺u.mɐ]

• Rhymes: -uma

• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma f (plural sumas)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{[rfdef](/wiki/Template:rfdef#top "Template:rfdef")}}.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

suma

1. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

• “suma”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• “suma”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026

suma

1. romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Guinea-Bissau Creole

[edit]

Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").

suma

1. because

Suma.

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈʃumɑˑ]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma

1. bag
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:
     Siso ompeli suman.
     Sis sewed the bag.
   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[6], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 75:
     Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja pani summaa.
     The hunter took the hare by the legs and put it in the bag.
   • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:
     Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.
     Valja took [her] bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.

• jäsensuma

• kirjasuma

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550

suma

1. inflection of sumere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

• musa

Ultimately from Latin summa. The religious sense is borrowed from Polish suma.[1]

sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4

1. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)

2. sum (quantity of money)

3. (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass

4. ^ Rolandas Kregždys (2016), “sumà”, in Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas [Dictionary of Polish loanwords in Lithuanian]‎[1], page 156

• “suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2026
• “suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2026

Clipping of semua.

• IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsu.ma]
• Rhymes: -su, -ma
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma (not comparable)

1. (colloquial) alternative form of semua

suma

1. (colloquial) alternative form of semua

• Hoogervorst, Tom (2015), “Malay youth language in West Malaysia”, in NUSA‎[7], volume 58, number 3, →DOI, archived from the original on 26 April 2025, page 29

From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

suma

1. to swim, float

• IPA(key): /ˈsu.mɑ/
• Rhymes: -u.mɑ

suma

1. feminine nominative/accusative plural of sum

suma

1. inflection of sumr:
   1. feminine accusative singular
   2. masculine accusative plural

Proto-Indo-European *(s)úp-m̥mo-s

Old Polish suma

Learned borrowing from Latin summa.[1][2][3] First attested in the 15th century.

• IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /suma/
• IPA(key): (15th CE) /suma/

suma f

1. (attested in Masovia) sum (quantity of money)
   • 1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 493, Warsaw:
     Jakom ya nye ranczyl Jsakowi gyenyey kopy geno s they szumy, czo w xøgach m[y]a
     [Jakom ja nie ręczył Izakowi jeniej kopy jeno z tej sumy, co w księgach m[y]a]

• suma głowna

• kłaść sumę impf

• sumować impf

• Polish: suma

  • → Romanian: sumă

• Silesian: suma

1. ^ Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021), “suma”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
2. ^ Dubisz, Stanisław, editor (2003), “suma”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal Dictionary of the Polish Language]‎[2] (in Polish), volumes 1–4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, →ISBN, →OCLC
3. ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “suma”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

• IPA(key): /ˈsu.ma/

• (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈsu.ma/

• Rhymes: -uma

• Syllabification: su‧ma

• Homophone: Suma

Proto-Indo-European *(s)úp-m̥mo-s

Old Polish suma

Polish suma

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

suma f (diminutive sumka, related adjective sumowy)

1. amount, sum, figure (certain amount of money)
   Synonym: kwota
2. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
3. sum (quantity obtained by aggregation)
   Synonyms: całokształt, całość, ogół
4. (Roman Catholicism) mass, service (main mass help in church on Sundays and holidays)
   Hypernym: msza
5. (Middle Polish) sum, summary (short summation of text)
   Synonym: podsumowanie

• bajońskie sumy

• suma komandytowa

• sumy neapolitańskie

• w sumie

• sumować impf

• → Romanian: sumă

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

suma m animal

1. genitive/accusative singular of sum

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), suma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 24 times in news, 22 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 819th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “suma”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[3] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 570

• “suma”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[8] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “suma”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[9] (in Polish)
• suma in PWN's encyclopedia
• Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “suma”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “SUMA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.03.2023
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 510

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

suma

1. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Borrowed from French sommer.

a suma (third-person singular present sumează, past participle sumat) 1st conjugation

1. to sum up

Borrowed from Latin summa.

• IPA(key): /sûma/
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

sȕma f (Cyrillic spelling су̏ма)

1. sum, total

Proto-Indo-European *(s)úp-m̥mo-s

Old Polish suma

Silesian suma

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

• IPA(key): /ˈsu.ma/
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

suma f

1. sum (amount of money)

• suma in silling.org
• IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsu.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

Borrowed from Latin summa.[1] Doublet of the inherited soma (“coarse flour”).

suma f (plural sumas)

1. sum
2. addition
   Antonym: resta

• en suma

• somero

• sumo

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

suma

1. inflection of sumar:

   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

2. inflection of sumir:

   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

3. ^ Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1983–1991), “suma”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎[4] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

• “suma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Likely from English someone. Compare Maroon Spirit Language suma (“person”)[1]

suma

1. (interrogative) who

suma

1. dated form of sma (“person”)

• Aukan: sama

1. ^ Kenneth M. Bilby (1983), “How the "older heads" talk: a Jamaican Maroon spirit possession language and its relationship to the Creoles of Suriname and Sierra Leone”, in New West Indian Guide, →ISSN, page 55.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈsumaʔ/ [ˈsuː.mɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -umaʔ
• Syllabification: su‧ma

sumà (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜋ)

1. yellowfruit moonseed (Arcangelisia flava)
   Synonym: abutra

• soma — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

• laktang

Borrowed from Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsuː.mɐ]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

suma (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜋ)

1. sum; total
   Synonyms: kabuoan, total, sumatotal

• ipasuma

• isuma

• magpasuma

• magsuma

• masuma

• pagsumahan

• pagsumahin

• pagsusuma

• pasumahin

• sumahin

• tagasuma

• sumarya

• sumaryo

• adisyon

• buod

• “suma”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2025

• “suma”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

suma

1. to report

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

• (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈsumɑ]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

suma

1. pouch, bag

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “suma”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎[10], 2nd edition, Tallinn