toga - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

A toga.

Borrowed directly from Latin toga, from tegō (“to clothe”). Doublet of toge. The Philippine (and Indonesian) senses are due to the resemblance of the white ceremonial gowns worn by graduates of institutions to the loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.

• (UK) IPA(key): /ˈtəʊ.ɡə/
• (US) IPA(key): /ˈtoʊ.ɡə/
• Rhymes: -əʊɡə

toga (plural togas or togae or togæ)

1. A loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
   • 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 196:
     Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.
2. A loose wrap gown.
3. (Philippines, Indonesia) cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)

• toge (obsolete)
• togaed
• toga party
• togate

loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome

• Catalan: toga (ca) f
• Czech: tóga (cs) f
• Danish: toga c
• Esperanto: togo
• Finnish: tooga (fi)
• French: toge (fr) f
  Middle French: togue f
• Galician: toga f
• German: Toga (de) f
• Greek: τόγκα f (tógka), τήβεννος (el) f (tívennos)
• Hungarian: tóga (hu)
• Italian: toga (it) f
• Korean: 토가 (ko) (toga)
• Latin: toga (la) f
• Maltese: toga f
• Marathi: टोगा m (ṭogā)
• Norwegian:
  Bokmål: toga m
  Nynorsk: toga m
• Polish: toga (pl) f
• Portuguese: toga (pt) f
• Romanian: togă (ro) f
• Russian: то́га (ru) f (tóga)
• Slovak: tóga f
• Spanish: toga (es) f
• Turkish: toga (tr)

loose wrap gown

• Finnish: tooga (fi)

• German: Toga (de) f

• Italian: toga (it) f

• Marathi: टोगा m (ṭogā)

• Polish: toga (pl) f

• Russian: то́га (ru) f (tóga)

• Spanish: toga (es) f

• chiton

• G. O. A. T., G.O.A.T., GOAT, Goat, Gøta, atgo, go at, goat

toga

1. an academic gown
2. (historical) loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Rome

Borrowed from Latin toga.

• IPA(key): /ˈtoː.ɣaː/
• Hyphenation: to‧ga
• Rhymes: -oːɣaː

toga f (plural toga's, diminutive togaatje n)

1. (historical) a toga, an outer garment worn by Roman patrician men
2. a gown worn by academics, Christian priests or ministers, and certain members of the legal profession

• ambtskleed
• Afrikaans: toga

From Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną; cognate with English tow.

toga (third person singular past indicative togaði, third person plural past indicative togaðu, supine togað)

1. to pull

• IPA(key): /ˈto(ː)ɡɑ/, [ˈt̪o̞(ː)ɡɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -oɡɑ
• Syllabification(key): to‧ga
• Hyphenation(key): to‧ga

toga

1. alternative form of tooga

• “toga”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023
• gota

From Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną; cognate with English tow.

• IPA(key): /ˈtʰɔːɣa/
  Rhymes: -ɔːɣa

toga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative togaði, supine togað)

1. to pull, to draw, to tug [intransitive or with accusative]
   Synonym: draga
2. to trawl [intransitive or with accusative]

• hártogun

• hlaupa eins og fætur toga (“to run as fast as one can”)

• toga í eitthvað (“to pull on something”)

• togari (“trawler”)

• togast

• togast á um (“to fight over something, to contend for something”)

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈt̪o.ɡa]

• Rhymes: -oɡa

• Syllabification: to‧ga

Borrowed from Dutch toga, from Latin toga.

toga (plural **toga-toga)

1. toga:
   1. (historical) a loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome
   2. (education) cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)

• bertoga

toga (plural **toga-toga)

1. (pharmacy, healthcare) syllabic abbreviation of tanaman obat keluarga (literally “family medicinal plant(s)”)
2. a plot of land in the yard for cultivation those plants

• “toga”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Borrowed from Latin toga.

• IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
• Rhymes: -ɔɡa
• Hyphenation: tò‧ga

toga f (plural toghe)

1. toga
2. gown, robe
3. magistrate, judge
4. (by extension) lawyer

• togale
• togato
• Tago, gota, tago

toga

1. Rōmaji transcription of とが

statua cum toga (statue with toga)

From Proto-Italic *togā, from Proto-Indo-European *togéh₂ (“cover”), from *(s)teg- (“to cover”) (whence tegō).

• (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈtɔ.ɡa]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈtɔː.ɡa]

toga f (genitive togae); first declension

1. toga
   Toga candida.
   Pure white toga.
2. a garment
3. a roof
4. (figuratively) a client
5. (figuratively) peace

First-declension noun.

• epitogium

• toga alba

• toga candida

• toga picta

• toga praetexta

• toga pulla

• toga pura

• toga trabea

• toga virilis

• togāta

• togātārius

• togātulus

• togātus

• togula

• → English: toga

• → French: toge

• → Italian: toga

• → Spanish: toga

• → Portuguese: toga

• “toga”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

• “toga”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[2], London: Macmillan and Co.

  • to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere

Borrowed from Norwegian tog, Swedish tåg.

• (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈtʰoːka/

tōga

1. (Norway, Sweden) train
   Synonym: juná

• Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[3], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
• togene

toga n

1. definite plural of tog

From Latin toga.

toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer, definite plural togaene)

1. a toga (Roman garment)

• “toga” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “toga” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

toga n

1. definite plural of tog

From Latin toga.

toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer or togaar, definite plural togaene or togaane)

1. a toga (Roman garment)

• “toga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• toha

From Proto-West Germanic *togō (“leader”).

• IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡɑ/, [ˈto.ɣɑ]
• Rhymes: -o.ɡɑ

toga m

1. leader (only found in compounds)

• folctoga
• heretoga
• ġetoht
• tohte
• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “toga”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• tog
• IPA(key): /ˈt̪o.ɣa/

toga

1. second-person singular imperative of do·goa

Mutation of toga

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

From Proto-Germanic *tugōną.

toga

1. to draw, pull, stretch

• Faroese: toga
• Icelandic: toga
• Norwegian Nynorsk: toge
• Swedish: tåga (“to draw, tug, pull”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

toga

1. indefinite genitive plural of tog

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “toga”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

toga sense 1

toga sense 2

toga sense 4

Learned borrowing from Latin toga.

• IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
• Rhymes: -ɔɡa
• Syllabification: to‧ga

toga f

1. (Ancient Rome, historical) toga (traditional garment of men in Ancient Rome, corresponding to the stola worn by women)
   Coordinate term: stola
2. (education) academic dress (traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities))
3. (law) toga (long, loose outfit of judges, lawyers, and prosecutors, worn for official occasions)
4. (Protestantism) toga (robe of evangelical clergy)

• togat

• “toga”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[4] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN

• “toga”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[5] (in Polish)

• toga in PWN's encyclopedia

• (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡɐ/

  • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/

• (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡɐ/ [ˈtɔ.ɣɐ]

• Rhymes: -ɔɡɐ

• Hyphenation: to‧ga

Learned borrowing from Latin toga, from Proto-Italic *togā, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.

toga f (plural togas)

1. (Ancient Rome, historical) toga (loose outer garment worn by the citizens of ancient Rome)
2. gown (official robe)
   Synonym: beca

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

toga

1. inflection of togar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

• “toga”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “toga”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “toga”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026
• “toga”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN

See also Malay tengah (“centre”) and Māori tonga (“south”)

• IPA(key): /to.ŋa/, [ko.ŋa]

toga

1. south

toga

1. southern

• Toga (“Tonga”)
• IPA(key): /tǒːɡa/
• Hyphenation: to‧ga

tóga f (Cyrillic spelling то́га)

1. toga, gown

• “toga”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

toga

1. inflection of taj:
   1. genitive masculine/neuter
   2. accusative masculine animate

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tǫga.

• IPA(key): /tòːɡa/

tọ́ga f

1. sadness (state/emotion)
   Synonym: žálost

Borrowed from Latin toga.

• IPA(key): /tòːɡa/

tọ́ga f

1. toga (garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

tóga

1. inflection of tog:
   1. masculine nominative/accusative dual
   2. feminine nominative singular
   3. neuter nominative/accusative plural

• “toga”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “toga”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references
• IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈt̪o.ɣ̞a]
• Rhymes: -oɡa
• Syllabification: to‧ga

Borrowed from Latin toga.

toga f (plural togas)

1. toga
2. (ceremonial) gown; (ceremonial) robe (worn by a lawyer, judge, graduate, professor etc.)

toga

1. only used in se toga, third-person singular present indicative of togarse
2. only used in te ... toga, syntactic variant of tógate, second-person singular imperative of togarse

Back slang for gato.

toga m (plural togas)

1. (back slang, slang, Argentina) cat

• “toga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• gato, gota

Borrowed from Spanish toga, from Latin toga.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈt̪oː.ɣɐ]
• Rhymes: -oɡa
• Syllabification: to‧ga

toga (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜄ)

1. cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)
2. toga (garment used by the citizens of ancient Rome)

• magtoga
• sablay
• “toga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• gota, taog, tago

Compare Taba togal (“to pull”).

• IPA(key): /ˈt̪o.ɡa/

toga

1. (transitive) to pull
2. (transitive) to lift up (from water)
3. (transitive) to pull up (an anchor)

• James Collins (1982), Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎[6], Pacific linguistics
• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎[7], Pacific linguistics