Muhammad Ibrahim | Hohai University (original) (raw)

Papers by Muhammad Ibrahim

International Journal Of Scientific Advances, 2022

The recent innovation in mechanical farming techniques has provided a rapid advancement in farmin... more The recent innovation in mechanical farming techniques has provided a rapid advancement in farming occupations and has increased both efficiency and productivity in the sector. This review work has investigated the current status of mechanized farming; farm machinery, the domestic factories of the farm implements and their importations, as well as the challenges confronting agricultural mechanization in Nigeria. The paper also discussed and provided the insightful information about the environmental considerations in agricultural mechanization practices.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon ... more Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models nam...

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crop... more Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crops but none has compared the effect of L. leucocephala biomass and its biochar on crops. The study therefore aimed at assessing the effect biochar and L. leucocephala have on the growth and yield of maize. It was hypothesized that biochar would have a better effect on the growth of maize than Leucaena biomass. There were six (6) treatments comprising T1= L. leucocephala, T2=Biochar, T3=Biochar + Fertilizer, T4= L. leucocephala + Fertilizer, T5=Fertilizer and T6=Control. The biochar was prepared from L. leucocephala cuttings whiles the leaves of L. leucocephala were used as its biomass. The fertilizer used was ammonia. Besides the control, all treatments were designed to supply 160kgN/ha. The result of the study showed that Leucaena biomass and biochar had same effect on the yield but Leucaena biomass had a better effect on the growth of maize than biochar. Nitrogen content of the soil inc...

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change i... more This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change in Potiskum and its environs through exploring the decadal recorded data of rainfall and thunderstorm. The data obtained were used to analyze the changes and activities of thunderstorms with rainfall, and thunderstorms without rainfall for each month of the 30 years under study. A descriptive and Inferential statistics was employed to determine the frequency and trend of thunderstorm activities as well as the intensity of rainfall. The analysis indicated that there was decrease in thunderstorm occurrences from first decade (1987 - 1996), second (1997 - 2006) to third decade (2007 - 2016). The results also showed that there was an increase of rainfall intensity in the third decade and decrease in second decade. The results further indicated that there was a climatic change in thunderstorm and rainfall activities in Potiskum and its environs during the study period, and this serves as good ...

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In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment a... more In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment and natural resources mismanagement has been effectively applied. This study focused on assessing the efficiency of Indigenous Knowledge in managing the environment and natural resources in Ringim Local Government Area (LGA) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study was qualitative consisted of focus group discussion and interviews. The eight discussants’ groups defined by ages (25 – 40, 40 – 60, and 60 years old and above) were interviewed on environmental issues and level of indigenous Knowledge. The results revealed that the level of environmental awareness within Ringim community is significantly effective in the management of environment. Also, the efficiency of indigenous knowledge in environmental management was very effective as declared by more than 71% of the respondents. This indicates that the study area utilizes local knowledge in the management and conservation of their immediate ...

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change i... more This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change in Potiskum and its environs through exploring the decadal recorded data of rainfall and thunderstorm. The data obtained were used to analyze the changes and activities of thunderstorms with rainfall, and thunderstorms without rainfall for each month of the 30 years under study. A descriptive and Inferential statistics was employed to determine the frequency and trend of thunderstorm activities as well as the intensity of rainfall. The analysis indicated that there was decrease in thunderstorm occurrences from first decade (1987-1996), second (1997-2006) to third decade (2007-2016). The results also showed that there was an increase of rainfall intensity in the third decade and decrease in second decade. The results further indicated that there was a climatic change in thunderstorm and rainfall activities in Potiskum and its environs during the study period, and this serves as good indicator of climate change in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended that Nigeria should develop capacity for research and data collection, to monitor climate change impacts, formulate and implement policies to protect natural resources, including forests, and conserve energy based on clean and low carbon technologies.

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International Journal of Scientific Advances, 2021

In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment a... more In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment and natural resources mismanagement has been effectively applied. This study focused on assessing the efficiency of Indigenous Knowledge in managing the environment and natural resources in Ringim Local Government Area (LGA) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study was qualitative consisted of focus group discussion and interviews. The eight discussants' groups defined by ages (25-40, 40-60, and 60 years old and above) were interviewed on environmental issues and level of indigenous Knowledge. The results revealed that the level of environmental awareness within Ringim community is significantly effective in the management of environment. Also, the efficiency of indigenous knowledge in environmental management was very effective as declared by more than 71% of the respondents. This indicates that the study area utilizes local knowledge in the management and conservation of their immediate resources and environment. More than 72.92% of the residents of these communities have blamed the poor drainage network as the major cause of flooding in the area. Therefore, it can be summed up that, the level of environmental awareness, indigenous knowledge in environmental management is very effective within the study area. It was recommended that government and private organizations should collaborate with communities in solving numerous environmental challenges through the application of indigenous knowledge and environmental awareness.

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Anthropogenic pollution due to inappropriate treatment of agricultural and industrial waste has b... more Anthropogenic pollution due to inappropriate treatment of agricultural and industrial waste has been posing
an ecological threats worldwide. However, an increasing pressure and demand for sustainability in farming,
brought about the use of many hazardous chemicals and industrial wastes, such as the use of tannery sludge
as an effective organic manure. This study was initiated as a follow up investigation to assess the potential
ecological risk; the level of metal pollution in soil and Lycopersicon esculentum (L. esculentum) and its potentiality
for in-situ phytoextraction in Hausawan - Kaba, Kano State, Nigeria. The suspected sludge, soil and plants grown
in three different farms; farmland-1, farmland-2, and farmland-3 (control) in the study area were collected. The
concentration of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) were spectrophotometrically detected. In addition,
Bioaccumulation Factors (B.F), Pollution Index (P.I), Ecological Risk Index (ERI) and Potential Ecological Risk
(PER) index of metals in three different sampling sites were calculated. The results indicated that PER value
and concentration of metals in soil from farmland-1 is higher than that of farmland-2 and control site. Cd was
observed to be the major contributor of ERI and had the highest average concentration in soil and plant samples.
The results also showed that properties of soil such as pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and organic matter
content influenced the metal concentrations. Bioaccumulation Factor (B.F) > 1 observed for the plants manifested
their phytoremediation potential. Therefore, the study concluded that based on the PER analysis, the study area
is a potentially “low ecological risk” environment and the L. esculentum has a great potential to uptake large
quantity of Cd, Pb and Cr in its root system; translocate to shoots and can be evidently used as hyperaccumulator
for in-situ phytoextraction when cultivated in a soil contaminated with either Cr, Cd and/or Pb.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

Human health has been adversely exposed to many inauspicious threats due to human activities. Evi... more Human health has been adversely exposed to many inauspicious threats due to human activities. Evidently, ecotoxicological studies documented that industrial and agricultural wastes tremendously contribute to the contemporary environmental pollution and subsequent associated health issues. Meanwhile, the application of tannery sludge as fertilizer has been recently reported in Dawakin Kudu LGA of Kano State, Nigeria and this sludge was suspected to have contained a large quantity of toxic metals. This study was aimed to investigate the presence of toxic metals including Cd, Cr and Pb in the fruits of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown with tannery sludge in the selected farms in the study area in order to ascertain their suitability for human consumption. The toxic metals (Cr, Cd and Pb) were found to be incorporated into the tissue of tomato's fruits and were all above the permissible limits of WHO/FAO except for the Cr in sampling location 1 and 2, and Pb in location 2. The study also demonstrated that pH of the soil influence the rate of uptake of heavy metals into tomato cells. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p < 0.05 revealed that there is no significant difference in the concentration of heavy metals between and within groups while pollution index for metals like Cd has indicated a potential pollution. It was recommended that leather industries should dispose wastes far from residential areas and out of reach of farmers while coming up with tertiary methods of sludge treatment before disposal.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon ... more Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models namely; Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. These modeling systems are used to predict, characterize, determine and simulate the photochemical air quality conditions. This paper gives a substantial detailed information of findings from related multidimensional studies carried out long ago and recently on photochemical smog analyses. Photochemical smog; causes and impacts on both the environment and living-being health were succinctly spelt out. Ozone formation and its different precursors; atmospheric aerosols; emission of biogenics as well as Ozone modeling phases were also discussed. The researcher still talks about the model formulations such as Zhang Model formulation; application and history of CMAQ and CAMx models respectively.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crop... more Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crops but none has compared the effect of L. leucocephala biomass and its biochar on crops. The study therefore aimed at assessing the effect biochar and L. leucocephala have on the growth and yield of maize. It was hypothesized that biochar would have a better effect on the growth of maize than Leucaena biomass. There were six (6) treatments comprising T1= L. leucocephala, T2=Biochar, T3=Biochar + Fertilizer, T4= L. leucocephala + Fertilizer, T5=Fertilizer and T6=Control. The biochar was prepared from L. leucocephala cuttings whiles the leaves of L. leucocephala were used as its biomass. The fertilizer used was ammonia. Besides the control, all treatments were designed to supply 160kgN/ha. The result of the study showed that Leucaena biomass and biochar had same effect on the yield but Leucaena biomass had a better effect on the growth of maize than biochar. Nitrogen content of the soil increased significantly in response to both Leucaena biomass and biochar treatments. This study concludes that L. leucocephala biomass (under short term) will produce the same effect on its yield but have a better growth effect than its biochar. This therefore implies that a farmer should use Leucaena instead of biochar since it has a better effect on the growth of maize and is as well less costly. The study also implies that L. leucocephala and its biochar increases the productivity of the soil thus contributing to sustainable production. The study recommends that biochar should be applied at different rates and the study should be conducted for a longer period to realize significant differences. It also recommends that soil analysis should be replicated for each treatment to compare effects among the treatments.

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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications , 2019

Abstract - Water scarcity has become a problem for many rural and urban communities in Ghana due ... more Abstract - Water scarcity has become a problem for many rural and urban communities in Ghana due to evolvement of small scale mining and heavy industries polluting most of the surface water. Rainwater harvesting has become a major source of water for the inhabitants of Nkamponasi, a community in Tarkwa. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of rainwater from rooftops (non-rusty and rusty) in Nkamponasi in Tarkwa. Rainwater samples were collected from non-rusty, rusty and no roof (rainwater without contact with roof surface). Six samples were collected from three rainfall events and analysed for physico- chemical parameters and metals concentration. Each parameter and metal was compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for drinking water quality. The results of the physico-chemical analysis indicated that pH, turbidity and colour were above WHO standard in all water samples collected from the three rainfall events. High lead and chromium concentrations were recorded from the rusty and non-rusty roofs. The study reveals that roofing sheets have an impact on the quality of harvested rainwater.

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JECET, 2019

ABSTRACT - Air is a universal gas, without which existence of humans and other forms of life is ... more ABSTRACT -
Air is a universal gas, without which existence of humans and other forms of life is not possible. Air quality is very essential to sustain life.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY , 2019

ABSTRACT - Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the... more ABSTRACT -
Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models namely; Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. These modeling systems are used to predict, characterize, determine and simulate the photochemical air quality conditions. This paper gives a substantial detailed information of findings from related multidimensional studies carried out long ago and recently on photochemical smog analyses. Photochemical smog; causes and impacts on both the environment and living-being health were succinctly spelt out. Ozone formation and its different precursors; atmospheric aerosols; emission of biogenics as well as Ozone modeling phases were also discussed. The researcher still talks about the model formulations such as Zhang Model formulation; application and history of CMAQ and CAMx models respectively.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY , 2019

ABSTRACT - Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on ... more ABSTRACT -
Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crops but none has compared the effect of L. leucocephala biomass and its biochar on crops. The study therefore aimed at assessing the effect biochar and L. leucocephala have on the growth and yield of maize. It was hypothesized that biochar would have a better effect on the growth of maize than Leucaena biomass. There were six (6) treatments comprising T1= L. leucocephala, T2=Biochar, T3=Biochar + Fertilizer, T4= L. leucocephala + Fertilizer, T5=Fertilizer and T6=Control. The biochar was prepared from L. leucocephala cuttings whiles the leaves of L. leucocephala were used as its biomass. The fertilizer used was ammonia. Besides the control, all treatments were designed to supply 160kgN/ha. The result of the study showed that Leucaena biomass and biochar had same effect on the yield but Leucaena biomass had a better effect on the growth of maize than biochar. Nitrogen content of the soil increased significantly in response to both Leucaena biomass and biochar treatments. This study concludes that L. leucocephala biomass (under short term) will produce the same effect on its yield but have a better growth effect than its biochar. This therefore implies that a farmer should use Leucaena instead of biochar since it has a better effect on the growth of maize and is as well less costly. The study also implies that L. leucocephala and its biochar increases the productivity of the soil thus contributing to sustainable production. The study recommends that biochar should be applied at different rates and the study should be conducted for a longer period to realize significant differences. It also recommends that soil analysis should be replicated for each treatment to compare effects among the treatments.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL, MATERIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2017

ABSTRACT - Several researches have shown that the accumulation of heavy metals in green-leafy ve... more ABSTRACT -
Several researches have shown that the accumulation of heavy metals in green-leafy vegetables is of increasing concern due to food safety threat and potential health risks. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the amount of heavy metals accumulated in three green-leafy vegetables consumed in Dutse metropolis, Jigawa state, Nigeria. Three (3) samples of each of the vegetables were collected randomly from two (2) different markets in Dutse Metropolis. The sample collection was replicated twice at a week interval. The concentration of lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) in the vegetables were estimated using the atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique. It has been found statistically that out of the two metals analyzed, only Cr levels in SPI-UMM, CAB-UMM and LET-YTF (1.48 mg/kg-2.22 mg/kg) did not exceed the permissible limit (2.30 mg/kg); whereas Cr levels in CAB-YTF, SPI-YTF, and LET-UMM (2.96 mg/kg-4.44 mg/kg) exceeded the permissible limit. Conversely, the concentration of Pb in all the vegetables from the two sampling locations (0.87 mg/kg-1.74 mg/kg) exceeded the permissible limit (0.30 mg/kg) set by FAO/WHO.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH AND REVIEW , 2017

ABSTRACT - The study used Onion (Allium Cepa), Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) and Sour Orange (Citru... more ABSTRACT -
The study used Onion (Allium Cepa), Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) and Sour Orange (Citrus Aurantium) to assess their effectiveness as bio-pesticides. The study also revealed that plants play vital roles towards the storage of many food stuffs. The consideration for the used extracts of plants origin is that they were easily biodegradable, effective on some pests and considered safer in pest control operations as they minimized pesticide residues and also ensured safety of the consumers of the treated grains and the environment. Which in turn, the production of organic extracts of plant origin for pest control were easier and less expensive than the synthesized some of the complex chemical formations.

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International Journal Of Scientific Advances, 2022

The recent innovation in mechanical farming techniques has provided a rapid advancement in farmin... more The recent innovation in mechanical farming techniques has provided a rapid advancement in farming occupations and has increased both efficiency and productivity in the sector. This review work has investigated the current status of mechanized farming; farm machinery, the domestic factories of the farm implements and their importations, as well as the challenges confronting agricultural mechanization in Nigeria. The paper also discussed and provided the insightful information about the environmental considerations in agricultural mechanization practices.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon ... more Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models nam...

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crop... more Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crops but none has compared the effect of L. leucocephala biomass and its biochar on crops. The study therefore aimed at assessing the effect biochar and L. leucocephala have on the growth and yield of maize. It was hypothesized that biochar would have a better effect on the growth of maize than Leucaena biomass. There were six (6) treatments comprising T1= L. leucocephala, T2=Biochar, T3=Biochar + Fertilizer, T4= L. leucocephala + Fertilizer, T5=Fertilizer and T6=Control. The biochar was prepared from L. leucocephala cuttings whiles the leaves of L. leucocephala were used as its biomass. The fertilizer used was ammonia. Besides the control, all treatments were designed to supply 160kgN/ha. The result of the study showed that Leucaena biomass and biochar had same effect on the yield but Leucaena biomass had a better effect on the growth of maize than biochar. Nitrogen content of the soil inc...

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change i... more This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change in Potiskum and its environs through exploring the decadal recorded data of rainfall and thunderstorm. The data obtained were used to analyze the changes and activities of thunderstorms with rainfall, and thunderstorms without rainfall for each month of the 30 years under study. A descriptive and Inferential statistics was employed to determine the frequency and trend of thunderstorm activities as well as the intensity of rainfall. The analysis indicated that there was decrease in thunderstorm occurrences from first decade (1987 - 1996), second (1997 - 2006) to third decade (2007 - 2016). The results also showed that there was an increase of rainfall intensity in the third decade and decrease in second decade. The results further indicated that there was a climatic change in thunderstorm and rainfall activities in Potiskum and its environs during the study period, and this serves as good ...

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In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment a... more In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment and natural resources mismanagement has been effectively applied. This study focused on assessing the efficiency of Indigenous Knowledge in managing the environment and natural resources in Ringim Local Government Area (LGA) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study was qualitative consisted of focus group discussion and interviews. The eight discussants’ groups defined by ages (25 – 40, 40 – 60, and 60 years old and above) were interviewed on environmental issues and level of indigenous Knowledge. The results revealed that the level of environmental awareness within Ringim community is significantly effective in the management of environment. Also, the efficiency of indigenous knowledge in environmental management was very effective as declared by more than 71% of the respondents. This indicates that the study area utilizes local knowledge in the management and conservation of their immediate ...

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change i... more This study examines the occurrences of thunderstorm and rainfall as indicator of climate change in Potiskum and its environs through exploring the decadal recorded data of rainfall and thunderstorm. The data obtained were used to analyze the changes and activities of thunderstorms with rainfall, and thunderstorms without rainfall for each month of the 30 years under study. A descriptive and Inferential statistics was employed to determine the frequency and trend of thunderstorm activities as well as the intensity of rainfall. The analysis indicated that there was decrease in thunderstorm occurrences from first decade (1987-1996), second (1997-2006) to third decade (2007-2016). The results also showed that there was an increase of rainfall intensity in the third decade and decrease in second decade. The results further indicated that there was a climatic change in thunderstorm and rainfall activities in Potiskum and its environs during the study period, and this serves as good indicator of climate change in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended that Nigeria should develop capacity for research and data collection, to monitor climate change impacts, formulate and implement policies to protect natural resources, including forests, and conserve energy based on clean and low carbon technologies.

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International Journal of Scientific Advances, 2021

In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment a... more In many parts of the world, the use of indigenous knowledge to curb the problems of environment and natural resources mismanagement has been effectively applied. This study focused on assessing the efficiency of Indigenous Knowledge in managing the environment and natural resources in Ringim Local Government Area (LGA) of Jigawa State, Nigeria. The study was qualitative consisted of focus group discussion and interviews. The eight discussants' groups defined by ages (25-40, 40-60, and 60 years old and above) were interviewed on environmental issues and level of indigenous Knowledge. The results revealed that the level of environmental awareness within Ringim community is significantly effective in the management of environment. Also, the efficiency of indigenous knowledge in environmental management was very effective as declared by more than 71% of the respondents. This indicates that the study area utilizes local knowledge in the management and conservation of their immediate resources and environment. More than 72.92% of the residents of these communities have blamed the poor drainage network as the major cause of flooding in the area. Therefore, it can be summed up that, the level of environmental awareness, indigenous knowledge in environmental management is very effective within the study area. It was recommended that government and private organizations should collaborate with communities in solving numerous environmental challenges through the application of indigenous knowledge and environmental awareness.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Anthropogenic pollution due to inappropriate treatment of agricultural and industrial waste has b... more Anthropogenic pollution due to inappropriate treatment of agricultural and industrial waste has been posing
an ecological threats worldwide. However, an increasing pressure and demand for sustainability in farming,
brought about the use of many hazardous chemicals and industrial wastes, such as the use of tannery sludge
as an effective organic manure. This study was initiated as a follow up investigation to assess the potential
ecological risk; the level of metal pollution in soil and Lycopersicon esculentum (L. esculentum) and its potentiality
for in-situ phytoextraction in Hausawan - Kaba, Kano State, Nigeria. The suspected sludge, soil and plants grown
in three different farms; farmland-1, farmland-2, and farmland-3 (control) in the study area were collected. The
concentration of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) were spectrophotometrically detected. In addition,
Bioaccumulation Factors (B.F), Pollution Index (P.I), Ecological Risk Index (ERI) and Potential Ecological Risk
(PER) index of metals in three different sampling sites were calculated. The results indicated that PER value
and concentration of metals in soil from farmland-1 is higher than that of farmland-2 and control site. Cd was
observed to be the major contributor of ERI and had the highest average concentration in soil and plant samples.
The results also showed that properties of soil such as pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and organic matter
content influenced the metal concentrations. Bioaccumulation Factor (B.F) > 1 observed for the plants manifested
their phytoremediation potential. Therefore, the study concluded that based on the PER analysis, the study area
is a potentially “low ecological risk” environment and the L. esculentum has a great potential to uptake large
quantity of Cd, Pb and Cr in its root system; translocate to shoots and can be evidently used as hyperaccumulator
for in-situ phytoextraction when cultivated in a soil contaminated with either Cr, Cd and/or Pb.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2021

Human health has been adversely exposed to many inauspicious threats due to human activities. Evi... more Human health has been adversely exposed to many inauspicious threats due to human activities. Evidently, ecotoxicological studies documented that industrial and agricultural wastes tremendously contribute to the contemporary environmental pollution and subsequent associated health issues. Meanwhile, the application of tannery sludge as fertilizer has been recently reported in Dawakin Kudu LGA of Kano State, Nigeria and this sludge was suspected to have contained a large quantity of toxic metals. This study was aimed to investigate the presence of toxic metals including Cd, Cr and Pb in the fruits of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown with tannery sludge in the selected farms in the study area in order to ascertain their suitability for human consumption. The toxic metals (Cr, Cd and Pb) were found to be incorporated into the tissue of tomato's fruits and were all above the permissible limits of WHO/FAO except for the Cr in sampling location 1 and 2, and Pb in location 2. The study also demonstrated that pH of the soil influence the rate of uptake of heavy metals into tomato cells. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p < 0.05 revealed that there is no significant difference in the concentration of heavy metals between and within groups while pollution index for metals like Cd has indicated a potential pollution. It was recommended that leather industries should dispose wastes far from residential areas and out of reach of farmers while coming up with tertiary methods of sludge treatment before disposal.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon ... more Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models namely; Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. These modeling systems are used to predict, characterize, determine and simulate the photochemical air quality conditions. This paper gives a substantial detailed information of findings from related multidimensional studies carried out long ago and recently on photochemical smog analyses. Photochemical smog; causes and impacts on both the environment and living-being health were succinctly spelt out. Ozone formation and its different precursors; atmospheric aerosols; emission of biogenics as well as Ozone modeling phases were also discussed. The researcher still talks about the model formulations such as Zhang Model formulation; application and history of CMAQ and CAMx models respectively.

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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2019

Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crop... more Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crops but none has compared the effect of L. leucocephala biomass and its biochar on crops. The study therefore aimed at assessing the effect biochar and L. leucocephala have on the growth and yield of maize. It was hypothesized that biochar would have a better effect on the growth of maize than Leucaena biomass. There were six (6) treatments comprising T1= L. leucocephala, T2=Biochar, T3=Biochar + Fertilizer, T4= L. leucocephala + Fertilizer, T5=Fertilizer and T6=Control. The biochar was prepared from L. leucocephala cuttings whiles the leaves of L. leucocephala were used as its biomass. The fertilizer used was ammonia. Besides the control, all treatments were designed to supply 160kgN/ha. The result of the study showed that Leucaena biomass and biochar had same effect on the yield but Leucaena biomass had a better effect on the growth of maize than biochar. Nitrogen content of the soil increased significantly in response to both Leucaena biomass and biochar treatments. This study concludes that L. leucocephala biomass (under short term) will produce the same effect on its yield but have a better growth effect than its biochar. This therefore implies that a farmer should use Leucaena instead of biochar since it has a better effect on the growth of maize and is as well less costly. The study also implies that L. leucocephala and its biochar increases the productivity of the soil thus contributing to sustainable production. The study recommends that biochar should be applied at different rates and the study should be conducted for a longer period to realize significant differences. It also recommends that soil analysis should be replicated for each treatment to compare effects among the treatments.

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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications , 2019

Abstract - Water scarcity has become a problem for many rural and urban communities in Ghana due ... more Abstract - Water scarcity has become a problem for many rural and urban communities in Ghana due to evolvement of small scale mining and heavy industries polluting most of the surface water. Rainwater harvesting has become a major source of water for the inhabitants of Nkamponasi, a community in Tarkwa. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of rainwater from rooftops (non-rusty and rusty) in Nkamponasi in Tarkwa. Rainwater samples were collected from non-rusty, rusty and no roof (rainwater without contact with roof surface). Six samples were collected from three rainfall events and analysed for physico- chemical parameters and metals concentration. Each parameter and metal was compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for drinking water quality. The results of the physico-chemical analysis indicated that pH, turbidity and colour were above WHO standard in all water samples collected from the three rainfall events. High lead and chromium concentrations were recorded from the rusty and non-rusty roofs. The study reveals that roofing sheets have an impact on the quality of harvested rainwater.

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JECET, 2019

ABSTRACT - Air is a universal gas, without which existence of humans and other forms of life is ... more ABSTRACT -
Air is a universal gas, without which existence of humans and other forms of life is not possible. Air quality is very essential to sustain life.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY , 2019

ABSTRACT - Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the... more ABSTRACT -
Pollution due to air quality deterioration is directly or indirectly connected to the phenomenon of biogeochemistry (i.e the scientific discipline that involves the study of the chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes and reactions that influence the composition of the natural environment) which in turn links to the human health. Human health and well-being, along with the well-being of animals, plants, and agricultural products, are solely dependent upon the quality of air we inhale. In response to the emission control threshold levels, prediction of how changes in emission levels could affect ambient air quality has been documented. The use of photochemical air quality models is becoming widely acceptable by various global regulatory agencies for the purpose of regulatory analyses and for the attainment exhibition by evaluating and assessing the effectiveness of control strategies. This review work tries to figure out the two most important and uncommon models namely; Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) and Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. These modeling systems are used to predict, characterize, determine and simulate the photochemical air quality conditions. This paper gives a substantial detailed information of findings from related multidimensional studies carried out long ago and recently on photochemical smog analyses. Photochemical smog; causes and impacts on both the environment and living-being health were succinctly spelt out. Ozone formation and its different precursors; atmospheric aerosols; emission of biogenics as well as Ozone modeling phases were also discussed. The researcher still talks about the model formulations such as Zhang Model formulation; application and history of CMAQ and CAMx models respectively.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY , 2019

ABSTRACT - Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on ... more ABSTRACT -
Studies have been conducted to assess the effect of Leucaena leucocephala biomass on various crops but none has compared the effect of L. leucocephala biomass and its biochar on crops. The study therefore aimed at assessing the effect biochar and L. leucocephala have on the growth and yield of maize. It was hypothesized that biochar would have a better effect on the growth of maize than Leucaena biomass. There were six (6) treatments comprising T1= L. leucocephala, T2=Biochar, T3=Biochar + Fertilizer, T4= L. leucocephala + Fertilizer, T5=Fertilizer and T6=Control. The biochar was prepared from L. leucocephala cuttings whiles the leaves of L. leucocephala were used as its biomass. The fertilizer used was ammonia. Besides the control, all treatments were designed to supply 160kgN/ha. The result of the study showed that Leucaena biomass and biochar had same effect on the yield but Leucaena biomass had a better effect on the growth of maize than biochar. Nitrogen content of the soil increased significantly in response to both Leucaena biomass and biochar treatments. This study concludes that L. leucocephala biomass (under short term) will produce the same effect on its yield but have a better growth effect than its biochar. This therefore implies that a farmer should use Leucaena instead of biochar since it has a better effect on the growth of maize and is as well less costly. The study also implies that L. leucocephala and its biochar increases the productivity of the soil thus contributing to sustainable production. The study recommends that biochar should be applied at different rates and the study should be conducted for a longer period to realize significant differences. It also recommends that soil analysis should be replicated for each treatment to compare effects among the treatments.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL, MATERIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2017

ABSTRACT - Several researches have shown that the accumulation of heavy metals in green-leafy ve... more ABSTRACT -
Several researches have shown that the accumulation of heavy metals in green-leafy vegetables is of increasing concern due to food safety threat and potential health risks. Therefore, the aim of this research was to analyze the amount of heavy metals accumulated in three green-leafy vegetables consumed in Dutse metropolis, Jigawa state, Nigeria. Three (3) samples of each of the vegetables were collected randomly from two (2) different markets in Dutse Metropolis. The sample collection was replicated twice at a week interval. The concentration of lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) in the vegetables were estimated using the atomic absorption spectrophotometric technique. It has been found statistically that out of the two metals analyzed, only Cr levels in SPI-UMM, CAB-UMM and LET-YTF (1.48 mg/kg-2.22 mg/kg) did not exceed the permissible limit (2.30 mg/kg); whereas Cr levels in CAB-YTF, SPI-YTF, and LET-UMM (2.96 mg/kg-4.44 mg/kg) exceeded the permissible limit. Conversely, the concentration of Pb in all the vegetables from the two sampling locations (0.87 mg/kg-1.74 mg/kg) exceeded the permissible limit (0.30 mg/kg) set by FAO/WHO.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH AND REVIEW , 2017

ABSTRACT - The study used Onion (Allium Cepa), Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) and Sour Orange (Citru... more ABSTRACT -
The study used Onion (Allium Cepa), Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) and Sour Orange (Citrus Aurantium) to assess their effectiveness as bio-pesticides. The study also revealed that plants play vital roles towards the storage of many food stuffs. The consideration for the used extracts of plants origin is that they were easily biodegradable, effective on some pests and considered safer in pest control operations as they minimized pesticide residues and also ensured safety of the consumers of the treated grains and the environment. Which in turn, the production of organic extracts of plant origin for pest control were easier and less expensive than the synthesized some of the complex chemical formations.

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