Review on Some Plants as Bio -Pesticides (original) (raw)
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Botanicals as Selective Pesticides for the Integrated Pest Management in Vegetables: A Review
Agricultural Reviews
The over-dependence on chemical pesticides for the management of insect pest have an adverse effect on the environment and have been a matter of concern, so plant extracts which are also known as green pesticides can be an alternative source of chemical pesticides due to their safety, eco-friendly and many other properties. The current study aimed to study the different botanicals which are effective against some pest of important vegetables. The different types of plant extract used as biocides such as neem, garlic, tobacco, lantana, pongamia, khuksha, ginger and many others are being utilized to control and manage the pest or disease of different plants. The neem extract of different concentrations was found effective in controlling pest of vegetables like brinjal, okra, chilli and cabbage. Botanical like Eupatorium, the mixture of kerosene emulsion and pyrethrum dust, Pongamia extract, Lantana leaf extract, Tobacco extract and Garlic extract, seed extract of Annona squamosa act a...
Utility Of Some Plant Products As Natural Pesticides
Wutan Huatan Jisuan Jishu, 2021
The harmful effects of hazardous chemicals used in agriculture on human health and environment are well known to all. In the last few decades, uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, pesticides was encouraged for increasing crop production. Due to this, though the production increased, but the quality of agricultural products was badly affected, which caused many serious environmental problems to arise. As a result, alternatives of agricultural chemicals are being explored all over the world including India and efforts are being made to promote the use of biochemicals in place of chemical substances. Many plant products are being used in place of chemicals. The present paper is based on the alternative use of agricultural chemicals for plant products. This includes the utility of 27 plants as biopesticides has been included. These plants are described with their botanical name, family, local and English names, useful parts and methods of usage.
Fresh fruits and vegetables, being the source of important vitamins, minerals, and other plant chemicals, are of boundless importance these days. Although in agriculture, the green revolution was a milestone, it was accompanied by the intensive utilization of chemical pesticides. However, chemical pesticides have hazardous effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, increasingly stimulating toward more eco-friendly and safer alternatives to prevent postharvest losses and lead to improving the shelf life of fresh fruits and vegetables. Proposed alternatives, natural plant extracts, are very promising due to their high efficacy. The plant-based extract is from a natural source and has no or few health concerns. Many researchers have elaborated on the harmful effects of synthetic chemicals on human life. People are now much more aware of safety and health concerns than ever before. In the present review, we discussed the latest research on natural alternatives for chemical synthetic pesticides. Considering that the use of plant-based extracts from aloe vera, lemongrass, or neem is non-chemical by-products of the fruits and vegetable industry, they are proved safe for human health and may be integrated with economic strategies. Such natural plant extracts can be a good alternative to chemical pesticides and preservatives.
Herbal Pesticide Technology for Controlling Insects and Pest in Vegetable Crops
Production of different vegetable crops is adversely affected by harmful insects and pests, which causes severe economic losses to the growers. To contain these losses, farmers are widely using agro-chemicals, which are very harmful and toxic to the environment. As an alternative, several broad-spectrum herbal pesticides have been developed at Sadbhav SRISTI Sanshodhan Laboratory by pooling the best grassroots community based plant protection practices. These value added herbal pesticides provide low cost, extremely affordable and sustainable solutions for enhancing the productivity of small farmers. The developed herbal pesticides have been validated in field as well as in lab conditions. The production process includes identification and collection of correct plant materials, preparation of extracts, formulation, quality control of the final product and packaging. The products are stable for more than two years at normal storage conditions. The developed formulations are appropria...
Botanicals in Pest Management: Current Status and Future Perspectives
The problems caused by synthetic pesticides and their residues have increased the need for effective biodegradable pesticides with greater selectivity. Alternative strategies have included the search for new types of pesticides which are often effective against a limited number of specific target species, are biodegradable into nontoxic products and are suitable for use in integrated pest management programs. The natural plant products derived from plants effectively meet this criterion and have enormous potential to influence modern agrochemical research. When extracted from plants, these chemicals are referred to as botanicals. The use of botanical pesticides is now emerging as one of the prime means to protect crops and their products and the environment from pesticide pollution. Botanicals degrade more rapidly than most chemical pesticides, and are, therefore, considered relatively environment friendly and less likely to kill beneficial pests than synthetic pesticides with longer environmental retention. Most of the botanical pesticides generally degrade with in few days and some times with in a few hours, these pesticides needs to be applied more frequently. More frequent application coupled with higher costs of production makes botanicals more expensive to use than conventional pesticides. Moreover, in spite of wide recognition that many plants possess pesticidal properties, only a handful of pest control products obtained from plants (pyrethrum, neem, rotenone) are in use because commercialization of botanicals is hindered by several issues discussed in this chapter.
Bioefficacy of some bio-pesticides against major pests of chilli
2020
A field experiment was conducted with seven bio pesticides, Derisom, Anosom, Margosom, Spinosad, Verticillium lecanii, Beauveria bassiana and B.t. varkurstaki along with a chemical check, Imidacloprid to find out their bio-efficacy against major pests of Chilli specially chilli aphid (Aphis gossypii) Glover, chilli thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood), yellow mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks) and fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hub.). Results shows that Imidacloprid was most effective against aphid with 76.65% reduction of population over control followed by Derisom(68.38%), Margosom(64.98%) and V.lecanii (63.49%). Highest percentage reduction of thrips over control was found in Imidacloprid treated plots (73.40%) followed by Margosom (62.52%) and V. lecanii (59.92%). Highest percentage reduction of yellow mite over control was found in Derisom treated plots (61.52%) followed by V. lecanii (55.27%).