DR. A K MISHRA MISHRA | INDIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, NEW DELHI, INDIA (original) (raw)

Papers by DR. A K MISHRA MISHRA

Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2013

Water productivity of selected kharif season crops in the three distributaries of the Eastern Yam... more Water productivity of selected kharif season crops in the three distributaries of the Eastern Yamuna Canal Command depended on the conjunctive use of canal and ground water. Present investigations were carried out to assess the effect of water distribution on the productivity of the selected crops as well as the conjunctive use practices being followed in absence of the water in Kharif Season. It was found that in the kharif season water availability was insufficient for transplanting and irrigating paddy in the middle and tail reaches of EYC. As a result, farmers switched over from paddy to sorghum crop, thereby loosing Rs. 3075 and Rs. 3715 per ha in the middle and tail distributaries of EYC, respectively. However, the high conveyance losses resulted into lowering of the conveyance efficiencies of the three distributaries in the range of 43-44 per cent. This indicated that there lies ample scope of increasing the water availability by properly checking the seepage and evaporation ...

Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2016

ABSTRACT This article discusses the application of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSL... more ABSTRACT This article discusses the application of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in conjunction with LANDSAT 7ETM+ remote sensing data, and geographical information system (GIS) to the spatial mapping of soil erosion risk in Jhagrabaria watershed Allahabad, U.P., India. Soil map and topographical data were used to develop the soil erodibility factor (K) and a digital elevation model (DEM) image was used to generate the topographic factor (LS). The cover-management factor (C) was developed based on vegetation, shade, and soil fraction images derived from spectral mixture analysis of a LANDSAT Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (LANDSAT 7ETM+) image. Support practice factors (P) was developed by crossing operation between land use/land cover classification map and slope map. Assuming the same climatic conditions in the study area, the rainfall-runoff erosivity (R) factor was not used. The value of K for study area lies between 0.25 and 0.485, LS values were less than 1.4, C and P values were less than 1. A soil erosion risk map with five classes (very low, low, medium, medium-high, and high) was produced based on the simplified RUSLE within the GIS environment and was linked to land use/land cover (LULC) image to explore relationships between soil erosion risk and LULC distribution. The results indicate that most succession and mature vegetation are in low erosion risk areas, while Barren and Fallow lands are usually associated with medium to high erosion risk areas. This research implies that remote sensing and GIS provide promising tools for evaluating and mapping soil erosion risk in the Jhagrabaria watershed of India.

American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2015

Present study was aimed at characterization of rice cropping in the North Eastern State, Arunacha... more Present study was aimed at characterization of rice cropping in the North Eastern State, Arunachal Pardesh of India

ENVIS Bulletin: Himalayan …, 2003

... The following paragraphs are dedicated to study the strengths of the region on which the food... more ... The following paragraphs are dedicated to study the strengths of the region on which the food and nutritional security of the region is actually ... 49.5. Tripura. ... Daily rainfall with a ten year return period ranges from 150 to 225 mm over most of the region and that over 500 mm can be ...

ABSTRACT The present research work was undertaken to estimate the ground water recharge in Shanke... more ABSTRACT The present research work was undertaken to estimate the ground water recharge in Shankergarh block, Allahabad (India) during the year 2008. The data set used consisted of satellite derived rainfall and actual evapotranspiration and SCS-CN model estimated runoff values. The monthly values of the different components of water balance equation were estimated and subsequently the ground water recharge was estimated for the study area. The annual ground water recharge was found to be approximately 0.39 meter, which is nearly equal to estimated value of GWR (0.36 meter) from empirical model (Amritsar formula). The recharge was most prominent during the months of May, June, July, August, September and October because study area start rainfall occurring from April till October according to remote sensing data and record of last four years (2007-2010) rainfall data from Hydromet Division, India Meteorological Department, Allahabad district. The study gave a clear picture of the water accounting of the study area. A major portion of the precipitation was loss as runoff but a good part of rainfall going as ground water recharge and this can be attributed to the fact that the study region is predominantly an agricultural region. The precipitation is distributed evenly through the monsoon season and the runoff generated was very high (Annual runoff=880.35 mm) as compare to the ground water recharge (Annual GWR=393.69 mm).

The development of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models for prediction of wheat crop evapotrans... more The development of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models for prediction of wheat crop evapotranspiration using measured weather data and lysimeter measured crop evapotranspiration (ETc) for Delhi is described. Eleven meteorological variables were taken into consideration for this study. ANN models were developed in MATLAB© with different network architectures using Feed Forward Back Propagation (FFBP) and Elman Back Propagation (EBP) algorithms. The total length of data record used was 744, out of that 60% was taken for model training, 20% for model testing and remaining 20% for model validation. Training and testing data sets were used for model development purpose, while validation data set was used for model evaluation. The ANN modelling strategy having back propagation learning algorithm, log-sigmoid transfer function and model input strategy-1 exhibited better results with Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient (E) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.972 and 0.498 mm for development data set and 0.776 and 1.334 mm for evaluation data set, respectively. FAO Penman-Monteith method was also used to estimate evapotranspiration. Comparison of the ANN predicted ETc and FAO Penman-Monteith estimated ETc with lysimeter values showed that the ANN predicted ETc was more close to the lysimeter measured values.

Journal of Applied and Natural Science

The study area Tapi River catchment covers 63,922.91 Sq.Km comprising of 5 five Sub-catchments: P... more The study area Tapi River catchment covers 63,922.91 Sq.Km comprising of 5 five Sub-catchments: Purna river catchment (18,473.6 sq.km) Upper Tapi catchment (10,530.3 sq. km), Middle Tapi catchment (4,997.3 sq km), Girna river catchment (10,176.9 sq.km) and lower Tapi catchment (19,282.5 sq.km.). The drainage network of 5 Sub-catchments was delineated using remote sensing data. The morphometric analysis of 5 Sub-catchments has been carried out using GIS softwares – ArcMap. The drainage network showed that the terrain exhibits dendritic to sub-dendritic drainage pattern. Stream orders ranged from sixth to seventh order. Drainage density varied between 0.39 and 0.43km/ km2and had very coarse to coarse drainage texture. The relief ratio ranged from 0.003 to 0.007. The mean bifurcation ratio varied from 4.24 to 6.10 and falls under normal basin category. The elongation ratio showed that all catchment elongated pattern. Thus, the remote sensing techniques proved to be a competent tool in ...

Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2010

A comparison between activated charcoal and heat-treated coal for decolourization of pulp and pap... more A comparison between activated charcoal and heat-treated coal for decolourization of pulp and paper mill waste water was studied. The heat-treated coal was prepared in an inert atmosphere at 800°C. The adsorption dynamics that include batch contact–time study, kinetics along with adsorption isotherms were carried out. The study shows that heat-treated coal is a suitable adsorbent and can be used

Spring Journals, 2021

The most relevant natural resources to the people are water, land, food, plants, animals, and soi... more The most relevant natural resources to the people are water, land, food, plants, animals, and soils. Natural resources may involve managerial activities such as controlling, preserving, and/or evaluating a natural resource or natural resources function, such as conservation, forest, rangeland, fisheries, and wildlife. Natural resources conservation and management professionals belong to engineering and allied background and have limited access and interactions with biologists. Modern natural resources management work requires knowledge and skill sufficient to interpret and apply biological science and research. Integrated natural resource management is a process of managing natural resources in a systematic way, which indulges multiple aspects of natural resource use (biophysical, socio-political, and economic) meet goals regarding production of producers and other direct users (e.g., food security, profitability, risk aversion) as well as goals of the wider community (e.g., poverty alleviation, welfare of future generations, environmental conservation). Poverty plays a highly important role in degrading the natural resources base and without poverty alleviation, it is hard to think of sustainable natural resources management in the world as well as in India. While poverty alleviation and sustainable NRM are generally compatible, difficult trade-offs may occur at several times. Nevertheless, the fact remains that without poverty alleviation, the environment in developing countries will continue to degrade, and without better NRM, poverty alleviation will be undermined. Microbiology and Biotechnology have some very promising advanced solutions for many NRM related conservation and management works which are almost impossible through the engineering methods. This review is specifically an effort to educate the NRM professionals for adoption and better synergy between both the disciplines for easing out some of the most gruesome problems relating NRM through biotechnological processes and pathways.

Quantification of all the requisite data have been done and thus, the organization of databases t... more Quantification of all the requisite data have been done and thus, the organization of databases that is the pre requisite for planning any watershed management projects has been completed. Having completed. The delineation of two sub-watersheds and 35 micro- watersheds was done. The digitization of all the data layers for these watersheds on the basis of the contour network of 10 m interval and elaborate drainage network. The hydrologic design of the structures and soil conservation measures ( i.e. estimation of design peak rate of discharges for 35 micro watersheds) have been completed. Analysis of Soil Loss from the micro-watersheds using Universal Soil Loss formula has also been completed. The next thing was to develop the Watershed Management Plan. The same has been attempted and presented in report so that detailed design (Hydraulic and Structural) along with cost estimates could be worked out and the actual work of restoration or treatment of severely degraded Cherrapunjee watershed could start.

Watershed prioritization is required for selecting the watersheds for development and planning and hence the same was undertaken with the help of twelve main Geomorphologic parameters by allotting them the weights on a 9 point scale and finally the weighted/combined effects of these watershed characteristics have been taken for prioritization of micro watersheds for planning.

The database generation and extraction of the required information for all the 35 micro watersheds, a very tedious and time consuming process that is known to take approximately 75 percent of the time in such projects have resulted in to quantification of the Geomorphology of the selected 35 micro watersheds and is presented in this report.

Due to the limitations of the present project it was only possible to develop the detailed and elaborate watershed management plan for those watershed which were ranked as most highly and severely degraded needing immediate attention . In all the 35 micro watersheds however, the same strategies are applicable. Detailed and elaborate attempts were made for suggesting the future course of action to treat the selected watershed based on the priority classification. The study revealed that all the watersheds are in severely to very severely degraded state requiring thorough and comprehensive management interventions to treat them. Some of the solutions are of general nature equally applicable to all the micro watersheds however, some specific interventions are highly location specific.

Theoretically, many solutions exist for solving any problem yet some of them are trivial. The most feasible and applicable ones based on the technical considerations only have been selected while suggesting the plan however, the final selection of solutions and their places etc. lies with the mutual agreement of beneficiaries, Village Dorbar, Siyemship, Sub-Division authorities, district authorities and The Directorates of State Soil and Water Conservation and Forest Department. It is right said that nothing can succeed with people’s opinion against it while nothing can fail with peoples’ opinion in favour of it. Once well convinced the people of Shohra will not allow letting the opportunity slip away from their hands.

Developmental pursuits globally, have witnessed in the last century, a substantial increase in t... more Developmental pursuits globally, have witnessed in the last century, a substantial increase in the amounts of pollutants into the world’s environment, water bodies (lakes, rivers, wetlands, estuaries, coastal waters, and ground waters etc. (Mueller et al., 1983). The adverse impacts of such actions have negatively affected the resources, environment and health of populace. The importance of environmental protection has been well realized by one and all; the Governments and people alike (Brady and Straskraba, 1995). The quality of water bodies can be best protected from being deteriorated by following the principles of watershed protection (Davenport et al., 1995). To safeguard the degrading quality of water bodies due to increasing population pressure and rapid urbanization, domestic and industrial non-point source pollution etc.; a systematic, scientific strategy, is presently in vogue throughout the world referred to as the watershed protection approach. Watershed Protection is a scientifically correct and technically achievable strategy for effectively managing by protecting and restoring the health of natural resources and aquatic ecosystems from getting polluted vis-à-vis protecting human health.

Developmental pursuits globally have witnessed a substantial increase in the amounts of pollutant... more Developmental pursuits globally have witnessed a substantial increase
in the amounts of pollutants into the world’s environment
and water bodies (lakes, rivers, wetlands, estuaries, coastal waters,
ground waters, etc.) in the last century. The adverse impacts of
such actions have negatively affected the resources, environment,
and the health of the populace. The importance of environmental
protection has been well realized by one and all, governments and
people alike. The quality of water bodies can be best protected from
being deteriorated by following the principles of watershed protection.
To safeguard the degrading quality of water bodies because
of increasing population pressure and rapid urbanization, domestic
and industrial nonpoint source pollution, and so on, a systematic
scientific strategy is presently in vogue throughout the world which
is referred to as the watershed protection approach. Watershed protection
is a scientifically correct and technically achievable strategy
for effectively managing water resources by protecting and restoring
the health of natural resources and aquatic ecosystems from getting
polluted vis-à-vis protecting human health.

The natural resources condition of the North-Eastern Himalayan region of India can be referred to... more The natural resources condition of the North-Eastern Himalayan region of India can be referred to be as one of the most deteriorated and alarming. Large-scale deforestation, improper utilization of steep hill slopes by Shifting Cultivators (Jhumias), faulty land use and water resources management in collaboration with relatively very high rainfall have caused havoc as for as the resources are concerned. Not only it has rendered large tracts nonproductive, barren and completely degraded needing to be restored for future utilization but also resulted in to shifting of the place of highest average annual rainfall from Cherrapunjee to Mawsynram. Cherrapunjee, that used to receive one of the world’s heaviest average annual rainfall, the human interventions have changed the landscape from one of the most dense, lush green Rain Forests to a Wet- Desert. Since long the need was being felt to make some kind of effort to treat and reclaim the severely degraded Cherrapunjee area to restore its exotic scenic beauty and prince tine grandeurs. In this paper, an attempt has been made to discuss the water and land resources development strategies, taking Wah Daintheln as a test watershed.

This paper presents a methodology of using RUSLE with Remote Sensing Data for a test watershed in... more This paper presents a methodology of using RUSLE with Remote Sensing Data for a test watershed in Allahabd.

The present research work was undertaken to estimate the ground water recharge in Shankergarh blo... more The present research work was undertaken to estimate the ground water recharge in Shankergarh block,
Allahabad (India) during the year 2008. The data set used consisted of satellite derived rainfall and actual
evapotranspiration and SCS-CN model estimated runoff values. The monthly values of the different components of
water balance equation were estimated and subsequently the ground water recharge was estimated for the study
area. The annual ground water recharge was found to be approximately 0.39 meter, which is nearly equal to
estimated value of GWR (0.36 meter) from empirical model (Amritsar formula). The recharge was most prominent
during the months of May, June, July, August, September and October because study area start rainfall occurring
from April till October according to remote sensing data and record of last four years (2007-2010) rainfall data
from Hydromet Division, India Meteorological Department, Allahabad district. The study gave a clear picture of
the water accounting of the study area. A major portion of the precipitation was loss as runoff but a good part of
rainfall going as ground water recharge and this can be attributed to the fact that the study region is predominantly
an agricultural region. The precipitation is distributed evenly through the monsoon season and the runoff generated
was very high (Annual runoff=880.35 mm) as compare to the ground water recharge (Annual GWR=393.69 mm).

It is an attempt to quantify the water resources of a block in Mewat of Haryana and developing th... more It is an attempt to quantify the water resources of a block in Mewat of Haryana and developing the scheme for better utilization of the same.