SANDEEP KUMAR CHANDRAWANSHI | Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (original) (raw)
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Papers by SANDEEP KUMAR CHANDRAWANSHI
Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 2015
, entitled "Crop Weather Relationship in Different Cultivars of Black Gram. (Vigna mungo)" The ex... more , entitled "Crop Weather Relationship in Different Cultivars of Black Gram. (Vigna mungo)" The experiment was laid out in a FRBD where main plots were assigned to four sowing dates and sub-plots to three Cultivars of black gram, with twelve treatment combinations and replicated thrice. The treatment comprised the four date of sowing i.e. 24 th MW, 25 th MW, 26 th MW and 27 th MW and three cultivars, V 1 (BDU-1), V 2 (TAU-1) and V 3 (AKU-15). In the present investigation the biometric observations viz. plant height, number of leaves per plant, Number of branches per plant, Number of pods per plant was recorded from the different Cultivars and date of sowing. Treatment D 1 (24 th MW) and cultivar V 3 (AKU-15) was found significantly superior over all other treatments and Cultivars respectively. The grain yield and biomass yield were recorded highest in D 1 (24 th MW) and Cultivar V 3 (AKU-15). The treatment D 2 (25 th MW) and Cultivar V 1 (BDU-1) was found second in the order of merit. The highest total GDD was observed with D 4 (MW 27) sowing date and Cultivar V 2 (TAU-1) similarly the highest HTU was observed with D 1 (MW 24) sowing date and Cultivar V 2 (TAU-1). PTU observed during total crop growth period was highest in D 1 (MW 24) as compare to remaining treatments. In case of Cultivars PTU was highest in V 2 (TAU-1). The highest GDD, HTU and PTU was observed in V 2 (TAU-1) as compare to other three Cultivars. In case of date of sowing the highest GDD in D 4 (MW 27) and HTU, PTU was highest in D 1 (MW 24).
Current World Environment, 2014
Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, 2013
aBSTRaCT Chhattisgarh state located in central India covers total area of about 13.5 million hect... more aBSTRaCT Chhattisgarh state located in central India covers total area of about 13.5 million hectares. The region has a great variety and diversity of weather conditions. Three major agro-climatic zones has been demarcated in the state viz., Chhattisgarh plains zone, Bastar plateau ACZ and Northern hill region. Here an analysis of rainfall for 16 districts has been made and interpretation drawn regarding predominant crop rice cultivation. Further stress has been made to conserve surplus monsoonal rainfall in On Farm Reservoirs (OFR's) as rainfall is occurring in intense storms and utilize this rainwater for sustainable crop production and also for enhancing cropping intensity. The high potential of OFR's and other harvesting structures in alleviating drought, increasing productivity and stability of rainfed ricelands has been tested in this region for meeting this challenge of rainfed rice production.
The initial and conditional probability of rainfall, i. e. probability of wet P(W) and conditiona... more The initial and conditional probability of rainfall, i. e. probability of wet P(W) and conditional probability like P (W/W) at 10 mm, 20 mm and 50 mm per week was worked out for the four districts of Chhattisgarh (Raipur, Bilaspur, Jagdalpur and Ambikapur) and results are interpreted. There are locational variations of getting wet week. In later part of the monsoonal season which is coinciding with the end of September, the probability of getting a wet week is very less in all the locations which are indicating the uncertain factor of rainfall in rainfed rice production. This is indicating the importance of medium range weather forecast and operational management for different crops grown in the state. This is only one technique and integrated therapy and techniques are the need of hour to make a balance with the ever-increasing need of food production. Further stress has been made to conserve surplus monsoonal rainfall in On Farm Reservoirs (OFR's) as rainfall is occurring in intense storms and utilize this rainwater for sustainable crop production and also for enhancing cropping intensity. The high potential of OFR's and other harvesting structures in alleviating drought, increasing productivity and stability of rainfed rice lands has been tested in this region for meeting this challenge of rainfed rice production.
Field experiment on soybean was carried out during kharif season of 2011. The experiment was cond... more Field experiment on soybean was carried out during kharif season of 2011. The experiment was conducted with four dates of sowing as main plot (10, 20, 30 June and 10 July) and three soybean varieties (JS 97-52, JS 335 and JS 93-05) as sub-plot in split plot design with three replications. The heat units like growing degree days (GDDs), photo-thermal units (PTU) and Helio-thermal unit (HTU) values decreased with the delay in sowing under all the varieties. However, higher values of radiation use efficiency and heat use efficiency were recorded with variety JS 97-52. Based on the results it was concluded that heat use efficiency of soybean cv. JS-97 52 and JS-335 were far better to utilize heat units under all the sowing dates as compared to JS-93 05.
Soybean is a fast upcoming crop in the Chhattisgarh region and this crop has gained significance ... more Soybean is a fast upcoming crop in the Chhattisgarh region and this crop has gained significance because under minimum agricultural inputs and management practices it fetches profitable returns to farmers. Field experiments were carried out during 2011 at Research and Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur for this crop with four dates of sowing and 3 varieties. Number of pods per plant, seed yield were recorded maximum in JS-97 variety @ 52 q/ ha. when compared to the varieties JS-93 05 and JS-335. Whereas, the number of seeds per pod and test weight were recorded maximum with variety JS-93 05. As far as different dates of sowing are concerned, the number of pods per plant, seed yield and test weight were recorded higher under the crop sown on D 2-20 June whereas number of seeds per pod is maximum with crop sown on D 3-30 June.
The present study aimed to find out the crop water and irrigation water requirement for mustard c... more The present study aimed to find out the crop water and irrigation water requirement for mustard crop over three locations of Chhattisgarh state to represent three agro climatic zones. Results revealed that highest crop water requirement (373 mm) and irrigation requirement (333 mm) is noticed at Raipur which is representing the Chhattisgarh Plain zone and lowest at Ambikapur (328 mm and 283 mm) of Northern Hill zone. Stage-wise information of irrigation water requirement for mustard crop would help judicious utilisation of available water and may reduce the over utilisation of ground water source.
Drought is a serious meteorological hazard in Bihar affecting the successful crop production. The... more Drought is a serious meteorological hazard in Bihar affecting the successful crop production. The recent two consecutive disastrous droughts during 2009 and 2010 in the state are a stark reminder for the scientists and policy makers alike to sustain agricultural production in the state. This assumes greater significance as more than 80 percent of the population in the state depends on agriculture and its allied sectors for livelihood. In order to sustain and enhance agricultural production against the weak monsoon, frequent dry spell condition and other extreme events, suitable mitigation and adaptation strategies need to be worked out and be taken up in the planning against drought. The variability of rainfall in both space and time affects the effective growing period. At a given location, soil type, available water holding capacity and evaporative demand determine the length of the growing season. The water availability to crops under rainfed condition was determined following agro-meteorological procedures in several regions (Ramana Rao et al., 1979; Gupta et al., 2010). Flexible time scale has been attributed as the fundamental strength of standardized precipitation index (SPI) to study drought over other indices (Mishra and Singh, 2010). Analyzing long term rainfall, Kokilavani (2012) determined the length of growing period for crop planning in Coimbatore district. Looking to every facet of the drought situation, moisture availability periods are required to be characterized for proper assessment of rainfall resource towards developing effective management strategy for its optimum utilization for crop production under rainfed condition. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the length of growing period and drought incidence and vulnerability in Bihar. The study was conducted in various districts under different agroclimatic zones of Bihar. The state is located between 24°17' and 27°31' N latitudes and between 83°19' and 88°17' E longitudes covering an area of 9.38 million hectares. It is broadly divided into three agro-climatic zones viz. Zone I (North West Alluvial plains), Zone II (North East Alluvial Plains) and Zone III (South Bihar Alluvial Plains). Zone III is further subdivided into Zone IIIA and Zone IIIB on the basis of rainfall variability and topography. Annual rainfall characteristics and length of growing periods of various locations in different agroclimatic zones were worked out. Reddy (1993) used a simple tool to compute the length of growing period for a semi arid area of the tropics based on mean weekly rainfall and mean weekly PET. In the present study, the ratio of mean annual rainfall to mean annual PET was used to determine the types of climate that prevail at a particular location. When this ratio at a particular location ranged between 0 to 0.25, the climate of that place was designated as arid climate, 0.25 to 0.50 as semi arid climate, 0.50 to 0.75 as sub-humid climate and 0.75 to 1.0 as humid climate. When the ratio exceeds the value of 1.0, the climate of that particular location is regarded as per humid climate. Length of growing season (LGP) which is defined as the period during which the moisture at the root zone of crop plants is adequate to meet the water need was calculated as, LGP= [Duration of rainy season in days + (Post monsoon and winter rainfall, mm+ AWHC, mm) /3.0] Average evaporative demand of the atmosphere from agricultural field was assumed as 3.0 mm day-1. As per soil characteristics, the available water holding capacity (AWHC) per metre depth for Pusa, Patna, Sabour and Bikramganj soils was assumed as 150 mm. The AWHC of Motihari and Madhepura soils were taken as 200 mm and 100 mm for soils at Nalanda. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values for various districts have been worked out using daily rainfall data of individual district for monsoon season over a period of ten years (2000-2010). SPI was calculated as the total difference of rainfall for a given period from its long term mean and then normalized by the standard deviation of precipitation for the same period computed using data over the analysis period. A drought starts when SPI values reach-1.0 and ends when SPI becomes positive again.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 2015
, entitled "Crop Weather Relationship in Different Cultivars of Black Gram. (Vigna mungo)" The ex... more , entitled "Crop Weather Relationship in Different Cultivars of Black Gram. (Vigna mungo)" The experiment was laid out in a FRBD where main plots were assigned to four sowing dates and sub-plots to three Cultivars of black gram, with twelve treatment combinations and replicated thrice. The treatment comprised the four date of sowing i.e. 24 th MW, 25 th MW, 26 th MW and 27 th MW and three cultivars, V 1 (BDU-1), V 2 (TAU-1) and V 3 (AKU-15). In the present investigation the biometric observations viz. plant height, number of leaves per plant, Number of branches per plant, Number of pods per plant was recorded from the different Cultivars and date of sowing. Treatment D 1 (24 th MW) and cultivar V 3 (AKU-15) was found significantly superior over all other treatments and Cultivars respectively. The grain yield and biomass yield were recorded highest in D 1 (24 th MW) and Cultivar V 3 (AKU-15). The treatment D 2 (25 th MW) and Cultivar V 1 (BDU-1) was found second in the order of merit. The highest total GDD was observed with D 4 (MW 27) sowing date and Cultivar V 2 (TAU-1) similarly the highest HTU was observed with D 1 (MW 24) sowing date and Cultivar V 2 (TAU-1). PTU observed during total crop growth period was highest in D 1 (MW 24) as compare to remaining treatments. In case of Cultivars PTU was highest in V 2 (TAU-1). The highest GDD, HTU and PTU was observed in V 2 (TAU-1) as compare to other three Cultivars. In case of date of sowing the highest GDD in D 4 (MW 27) and HTU, PTU was highest in D 1 (MW 24).
Current World Environment, 2014
Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, 2013
aBSTRaCT Chhattisgarh state located in central India covers total area of about 13.5 million hect... more aBSTRaCT Chhattisgarh state located in central India covers total area of about 13.5 million hectares. The region has a great variety and diversity of weather conditions. Three major agro-climatic zones has been demarcated in the state viz., Chhattisgarh plains zone, Bastar plateau ACZ and Northern hill region. Here an analysis of rainfall for 16 districts has been made and interpretation drawn regarding predominant crop rice cultivation. Further stress has been made to conserve surplus monsoonal rainfall in On Farm Reservoirs (OFR's) as rainfall is occurring in intense storms and utilize this rainwater for sustainable crop production and also for enhancing cropping intensity. The high potential of OFR's and other harvesting structures in alleviating drought, increasing productivity and stability of rainfed ricelands has been tested in this region for meeting this challenge of rainfed rice production.
The initial and conditional probability of rainfall, i. e. probability of wet P(W) and conditiona... more The initial and conditional probability of rainfall, i. e. probability of wet P(W) and conditional probability like P (W/W) at 10 mm, 20 mm and 50 mm per week was worked out for the four districts of Chhattisgarh (Raipur, Bilaspur, Jagdalpur and Ambikapur) and results are interpreted. There are locational variations of getting wet week. In later part of the monsoonal season which is coinciding with the end of September, the probability of getting a wet week is very less in all the locations which are indicating the uncertain factor of rainfall in rainfed rice production. This is indicating the importance of medium range weather forecast and operational management for different crops grown in the state. This is only one technique and integrated therapy and techniques are the need of hour to make a balance with the ever-increasing need of food production. Further stress has been made to conserve surplus monsoonal rainfall in On Farm Reservoirs (OFR's) as rainfall is occurring in intense storms and utilize this rainwater for sustainable crop production and also for enhancing cropping intensity. The high potential of OFR's and other harvesting structures in alleviating drought, increasing productivity and stability of rainfed rice lands has been tested in this region for meeting this challenge of rainfed rice production.
Field experiment on soybean was carried out during kharif season of 2011. The experiment was cond... more Field experiment on soybean was carried out during kharif season of 2011. The experiment was conducted with four dates of sowing as main plot (10, 20, 30 June and 10 July) and three soybean varieties (JS 97-52, JS 335 and JS 93-05) as sub-plot in split plot design with three replications. The heat units like growing degree days (GDDs), photo-thermal units (PTU) and Helio-thermal unit (HTU) values decreased with the delay in sowing under all the varieties. However, higher values of radiation use efficiency and heat use efficiency were recorded with variety JS 97-52. Based on the results it was concluded that heat use efficiency of soybean cv. JS-97 52 and JS-335 were far better to utilize heat units under all the sowing dates as compared to JS-93 05.
Soybean is a fast upcoming crop in the Chhattisgarh region and this crop has gained significance ... more Soybean is a fast upcoming crop in the Chhattisgarh region and this crop has gained significance because under minimum agricultural inputs and management practices it fetches profitable returns to farmers. Field experiments were carried out during 2011 at Research and Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur for this crop with four dates of sowing and 3 varieties. Number of pods per plant, seed yield were recorded maximum in JS-97 variety @ 52 q/ ha. when compared to the varieties JS-93 05 and JS-335. Whereas, the number of seeds per pod and test weight were recorded maximum with variety JS-93 05. As far as different dates of sowing are concerned, the number of pods per plant, seed yield and test weight were recorded higher under the crop sown on D 2-20 June whereas number of seeds per pod is maximum with crop sown on D 3-30 June.
The present study aimed to find out the crop water and irrigation water requirement for mustard c... more The present study aimed to find out the crop water and irrigation water requirement for mustard crop over three locations of Chhattisgarh state to represent three agro climatic zones. Results revealed that highest crop water requirement (373 mm) and irrigation requirement (333 mm) is noticed at Raipur which is representing the Chhattisgarh Plain zone and lowest at Ambikapur (328 mm and 283 mm) of Northern Hill zone. Stage-wise information of irrigation water requirement for mustard crop would help judicious utilisation of available water and may reduce the over utilisation of ground water source.
Drought is a serious meteorological hazard in Bihar affecting the successful crop production. The... more Drought is a serious meteorological hazard in Bihar affecting the successful crop production. The recent two consecutive disastrous droughts during 2009 and 2010 in the state are a stark reminder for the scientists and policy makers alike to sustain agricultural production in the state. This assumes greater significance as more than 80 percent of the population in the state depends on agriculture and its allied sectors for livelihood. In order to sustain and enhance agricultural production against the weak monsoon, frequent dry spell condition and other extreme events, suitable mitigation and adaptation strategies need to be worked out and be taken up in the planning against drought. The variability of rainfall in both space and time affects the effective growing period. At a given location, soil type, available water holding capacity and evaporative demand determine the length of the growing season. The water availability to crops under rainfed condition was determined following agro-meteorological procedures in several regions (Ramana Rao et al., 1979; Gupta et al., 2010). Flexible time scale has been attributed as the fundamental strength of standardized precipitation index (SPI) to study drought over other indices (Mishra and Singh, 2010). Analyzing long term rainfall, Kokilavani (2012) determined the length of growing period for crop planning in Coimbatore district. Looking to every facet of the drought situation, moisture availability periods are required to be characterized for proper assessment of rainfall resource towards developing effective management strategy for its optimum utilization for crop production under rainfed condition. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the length of growing period and drought incidence and vulnerability in Bihar. The study was conducted in various districts under different agroclimatic zones of Bihar. The state is located between 24°17' and 27°31' N latitudes and between 83°19' and 88°17' E longitudes covering an area of 9.38 million hectares. It is broadly divided into three agro-climatic zones viz. Zone I (North West Alluvial plains), Zone II (North East Alluvial Plains) and Zone III (South Bihar Alluvial Plains). Zone III is further subdivided into Zone IIIA and Zone IIIB on the basis of rainfall variability and topography. Annual rainfall characteristics and length of growing periods of various locations in different agroclimatic zones were worked out. Reddy (1993) used a simple tool to compute the length of growing period for a semi arid area of the tropics based on mean weekly rainfall and mean weekly PET. In the present study, the ratio of mean annual rainfall to mean annual PET was used to determine the types of climate that prevail at a particular location. When this ratio at a particular location ranged between 0 to 0.25, the climate of that place was designated as arid climate, 0.25 to 0.50 as semi arid climate, 0.50 to 0.75 as sub-humid climate and 0.75 to 1.0 as humid climate. When the ratio exceeds the value of 1.0, the climate of that particular location is regarded as per humid climate. Length of growing season (LGP) which is defined as the period during which the moisture at the root zone of crop plants is adequate to meet the water need was calculated as, LGP= [Duration of rainy season in days + (Post monsoon and winter rainfall, mm+ AWHC, mm) /3.0] Average evaporative demand of the atmosphere from agricultural field was assumed as 3.0 mm day-1. As per soil characteristics, the available water holding capacity (AWHC) per metre depth for Pusa, Patna, Sabour and Bikramganj soils was assumed as 150 mm. The AWHC of Motihari and Madhepura soils were taken as 200 mm and 100 mm for soils at Nalanda. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values for various districts have been worked out using daily rainfall data of individual district for monsoon season over a period of ten years (2000-2010). SPI was calculated as the total difference of rainfall for a given period from its long term mean and then normalized by the standard deviation of precipitation for the same period computed using data over the analysis period. A drought starts when SPI values reach-1.0 and ends when SPI becomes positive again.