Sunil Sagar | Indus Institute of technology and engineering (original) (raw)
Papers by Sunil Sagar
As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these que... more As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these questions and renders it more fascinating than it already is. However, it is no less profound as an exercise to relate translation with literary criticism. For most of its long history, translation research has focused on a few issues related to linguistic transfer, such as translation techniques, translation strategies, translation standards, and translators' styles, and on slightly broader questions regarding the possibility of translation, or what translation scholars refer to as translatability. However, in the past few decades translation scholars have no longer limited themselves to these questions, and have begun taking a wide variety of different approaches to translation research. In addition to linguistics, literature, and foreign language education, researchers are now borrowing from a variety of other contemporary theories including literary hermeneutics, reception aesthetic...
Linguistics and Culture Review, 2021
This paper investigates the psychological trauma precipitated by war in Death of a Hero, a semi-a... more This paper investigates the psychological trauma precipitated by war in Death of a Hero, a semi-autobiographical novel by Richard Aldington, the veteran who served as a soldier in World War I. So, the writer himself witnessed the appalling horrors of war and turned them into a novel. This reveals how the war horrors shatter the sensitive artist psychologically and drive him to commit suicide. Although this novel departs from historical details in the protagonist’s tragic end, it offers a pathetic description of the writer’s agonies which transgresses its setting; i.e., England World War I, and presents a Mankind’s dilemma everywhere. As a narrative, this novel pauses upon the hero’s psychological sufferings in the midst of a fragmented family which represents the British dissolute society at that time, and shows their effects in developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder later on. That society was akin to another wasteland. The paper adopts a psychoanalytic approach as it attempts to...
... Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/3195\. Ti... more ... Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/3195. Title: A translation of select critical essays of Suresh Joshi from Gujarati into English with a critical introduction. Researcher: Sagar, Sunil. Guide(s): Mehta, Kamal. ...
Psychology and Education Journal, 2021
This study is a case study of post-traumatic stress disorder, caused by war. It digs into the unc... more This study is a case study of post-traumatic stress disorder, caused by war. It digs into the unconscious area of the soldiers’ minds and gives the findings according to psychoanalytical Theories. Though this study tackles characters in a novel which might be considered as fictional, these characters are sketched from real life as the soldier is an old veteran who has been fighting in the Iraqi war. The author, Kevin Powers depicts not only his sufferings in and after war, but he sheds light on the sufferings of his colleagues. The hero is diagnosed with PTSD upon his arrival to his homeland. The story is that of the soldier who has witnessed the horrors of wars and suffers terribly from it; he is the one who has felt the agony of grief and loss after witnessing the death and suicide of his friends due to melancholy. The psychoanalytical theories help elaborate on post-traumatic symptoms he suffers from. The protagonist is the mouthpiece of the writer who realizes the catastrophic a...
Lead In: English Studies has had an intriguing trajectory of evolution, starting as a 'Utilit... more Lead In: English Studies has had an intriguing trajectory of evolution, starting as a 'Utilitarian and Evangelical' initiative and later developing into a cultural and political project of colonizing the world. The Empire used the same English Studies and wrote back, adding a new chapter to the evolution of English Studies. In the course of time, the sacrosanct title 'English Studies' has been subjected to thorough and minute investigation with countless questions as to what 'English' is and what one is required to or should 'study'. There are also a few like Terry Eagleton who take the inquiry to the most fundamental question as to what literature is. It would be simplistic to limit the objectives of English Studies to studying 'plot', 'characterization' and 'thematic concerns', as it is practiced today in literature classes in many of the colleges and university departments. In the light of half-baked notions and practices wi...
As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these que... more As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these questions and renders it more fascinating than it already is. However, it is no less profound as an exercise to relate translation with literary criticism. For most of its long history, translation research has focused on a few issues related to linguistic transfer, such as translation techniques, translation strategies, translation standards, and translators' styles, and on slightly broader questions regarding the possibility of translation, or what translation scholars refer to as translatability. However, in the past few decades translation scholars have no longer limited themselves to these questions, and have begun taking a wide variety of different approaches to translation research. In addition to linguistics, literature, and foreign language education, researchers are now borrowing from a variety of other contemporary theories including literary hermeneutics, reception aesthetics, feminism, deconstruction, and postcolonialism. The broadening of translation studies to include more than just language and literature is one of the major trends in the field, and has made translation studies one of the most attractive and promising fields of contemporary academic research. The paper focuses on how literary criticism can be critiqued by translation. Introduction To assert that translation offers a veritable vortex of challenges and future directions would be stating the obvious. However, it is always necessary to revisit our well-entrenched ideas and critique them from time to time. Especially, when the question is of translation from regional languages into English, the way we approach our translation will prove to be decisive. A number of prominent cultural critics, philosophers, and art theorists including Itamar Even-Zohar, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, Umberto Eco, Gayatri Spivak, and Tejaswini Niranjana have shown intereste in translation, and have all made unique and insightful contributions to the field. At the same time a number of prominent translation theorists, including James Holmes, Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere, Lawrence Venuti, and Theo Hermans, have each emphasized in
It is clichéd to state that knowledge proliferates today at a rate unprecedented in history. It i... more It is clichéd to state that knowledge proliferates today at a rate unprecedented in history. It is now no longer new to say that knowledge is only a click away. The promise of technology is unfolding in front of us in vivid colours every minute of the day. It is all interwoven in every experience of everyday life. Business and industry, healthcare and medicine, social networking and warfare, all of it has been taken to an entirely new level of sophistication by the explosion of futuristic technologies. A universe of advanced gadgets is in the process of entering our lives sooner rather than later and we are looking into the crystal ball with open wonderment and deep sense of excitement. Education which held onto its old and repetitive ways for many many years as something sacred has now undergone drastic and irreversible change. Class rooms will never be the same again. So is the case of teaching and learning. But sadly enough, all of this is the privilege of the privileged lot, a large part of humanity still awaits its dawn of change, the first rays of light and a solution to the malady called inequality. This large part includes parts of even developed countries and developing countries like India and countries which live in abject poverty and downright inhuman conditions, some of them under the constant shadow of war and death.
The English education and English studies as it is form the crux of the issue-(re)visiting Indian... more The English education and English studies as it is form the crux of the issue-(re)visiting Indian intellectual tradition through Bakhtin. In such a state of conditioning induced by the English education and the English studies that we are eager to reject anything that is Indian and keen to embrace that is Western, 'Bakhtin in India' poses the sternest possible challenge because Bakhtin is a good scholar and it is easy to get carried away into thinking that his ideas can illumine our path along the Indian tradition. But the wise would caution that Indian tradition is self-illuminated and one does not need any external light. All one needs is genuine sincerity, an open mind and a true yearning for discourse. However, we have alienated ourselves from the tradition to such an extent that Indian tradition seems distant and unfamiliar, and Bakhtin seems like one of our own. But such are the contradictions of the academic scholarship in India. 'Bakhtin in India' is an occasion, less to celebrate Bakhtin, and more to discover the tradition for ourselves and see if there were any scholars, who were and are still our own and if we can benefit from their insights in our pursuits of furthering the dialogue for which we have to resort to Bakhtin and the like. Lead In: In the 21 st century world of varied intellectual crises, it is inevitable to engage with issues of where we belong, from where and how we have evolved as a society, and where we are headed to sort out why we perceive things in the way we do and the challenges that face us in this regard. It is also pertinent to rethink our assumptions of what we hold sacred and what we outright reject because it is in celebration and rejection of glorious and inglorious ideas respectively that we seem to have erred so far and erred in a way that has affected our intellectual orientation. The basic premises that we take for granted and the new premises we readily embrace have to be questioned and investigated rigorously and honestly to come somewhere close to the core of the fundamental issues of being and thinking; resolving them to some extent might be a little difficult to attempt till we fully grasp the true nature of the issues. The true challenge lies in educating ourselves as to how education is not sufficient to enable us to
Historiography of Translation is a vital exercise for a deeper understanding of the way translati... more Historiography of Translation is a vital exercise for a deeper understanding of the way translation evolved in a given time period, the way translators functioned, the kind of conditions of translation prevailed and the way individuals and agencies influenced the process of translation. It not only serves to illuminate the gaps in history but also seeks to explain the historical context. It throws new light on not merely the translation of a particular author but also its reception in a given culture. It stands at the intersection of languages, cultures and worldviews. Therefore, it is necessary to approach it in a suitable way and enrich ourselves with the insights derived from it with humility. History is a maze in which there are many uncharted terrains that await rigorous inquiry. As an intercultural construct, history of translation qualifies in varied ways for the same. As a culture, India disseminated its traditions of knowledge through translation. From its earliest stages, translation served as the medium of carrying across the diversity of ideas and cultural traditions. A pursuit in history is quite challenging even when it deals with one given culture or language. An endeavor which entails multiple cultural contexts and languages could offer the sternest possible challenge in historiography. Historiography of translation in a multilingual, multi-cultural context is an exercise rife with its fair share of complexities. However, if it is carried out in a painstakingly meticulous and rigorous manner, such an exercise could throw up new insights on the historical context of the given time
As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these que... more As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these questions and renders it more fascinating than it already is. However, it is no less profound as an exercise to relate translation with literary criticism. For most of its long history, translation research has focused on a few issues related to linguistic transfer, such as translation techniques, translation strategies, translation standards, and translators' styles, and on slightly broader questions regarding the possibility of translation, or what translation scholars refer to as translatability. However, in the past few decades translation scholars have no longer limited themselves to these questions, and have begun taking a wide variety of different approaches to translation research. In addition to linguistics, literature, and foreign language education, researchers are now borrowing from a variety of other contemporary theories including literary hermeneutics, reception aesthetic...
Linguistics and Culture Review, 2021
This paper investigates the psychological trauma precipitated by war in Death of a Hero, a semi-a... more This paper investigates the psychological trauma precipitated by war in Death of a Hero, a semi-autobiographical novel by Richard Aldington, the veteran who served as a soldier in World War I. So, the writer himself witnessed the appalling horrors of war and turned them into a novel. This reveals how the war horrors shatter the sensitive artist psychologically and drive him to commit suicide. Although this novel departs from historical details in the protagonist’s tragic end, it offers a pathetic description of the writer’s agonies which transgresses its setting; i.e., England World War I, and presents a Mankind’s dilemma everywhere. As a narrative, this novel pauses upon the hero’s psychological sufferings in the midst of a fragmented family which represents the British dissolute society at that time, and shows their effects in developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder later on. That society was akin to another wasteland. The paper adopts a psychoanalytic approach as it attempts to...
... Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/3195\. Ti... more ... Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10603/3195. Title: A translation of select critical essays of Suresh Joshi from Gujarati into English with a critical introduction. Researcher: Sagar, Sunil. Guide(s): Mehta, Kamal. ...
Psychology and Education Journal, 2021
This study is a case study of post-traumatic stress disorder, caused by war. It digs into the unc... more This study is a case study of post-traumatic stress disorder, caused by war. It digs into the unconscious area of the soldiers’ minds and gives the findings according to psychoanalytical Theories. Though this study tackles characters in a novel which might be considered as fictional, these characters are sketched from real life as the soldier is an old veteran who has been fighting in the Iraqi war. The author, Kevin Powers depicts not only his sufferings in and after war, but he sheds light on the sufferings of his colleagues. The hero is diagnosed with PTSD upon his arrival to his homeland. The story is that of the soldier who has witnessed the horrors of wars and suffers terribly from it; he is the one who has felt the agony of grief and loss after witnessing the death and suicide of his friends due to melancholy. The psychoanalytical theories help elaborate on post-traumatic symptoms he suffers from. The protagonist is the mouthpiece of the writer who realizes the catastrophic a...
Lead In: English Studies has had an intriguing trajectory of evolution, starting as a 'Utilit... more Lead In: English Studies has had an intriguing trajectory of evolution, starting as a 'Utilitarian and Evangelical' initiative and later developing into a cultural and political project of colonizing the world. The Empire used the same English Studies and wrote back, adding a new chapter to the evolution of English Studies. In the course of time, the sacrosanct title 'English Studies' has been subjected to thorough and minute investigation with countless questions as to what 'English' is and what one is required to or should 'study'. There are also a few like Terry Eagleton who take the inquiry to the most fundamental question as to what literature is. It would be simplistic to limit the objectives of English Studies to studying 'plot', 'characterization' and 'thematic concerns', as it is practiced today in literature classes in many of the colleges and university departments. In the light of half-baked notions and practices wi...
As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these que... more As literary criticism is a site of more questions and less answers, translation adds to these questions and renders it more fascinating than it already is. However, it is no less profound as an exercise to relate translation with literary criticism. For most of its long history, translation research has focused on a few issues related to linguistic transfer, such as translation techniques, translation strategies, translation standards, and translators' styles, and on slightly broader questions regarding the possibility of translation, or what translation scholars refer to as translatability. However, in the past few decades translation scholars have no longer limited themselves to these questions, and have begun taking a wide variety of different approaches to translation research. In addition to linguistics, literature, and foreign language education, researchers are now borrowing from a variety of other contemporary theories including literary hermeneutics, reception aesthetics, feminism, deconstruction, and postcolonialism. The broadening of translation studies to include more than just language and literature is one of the major trends in the field, and has made translation studies one of the most attractive and promising fields of contemporary academic research. The paper focuses on how literary criticism can be critiqued by translation. Introduction To assert that translation offers a veritable vortex of challenges and future directions would be stating the obvious. However, it is always necessary to revisit our well-entrenched ideas and critique them from time to time. Especially, when the question is of translation from regional languages into English, the way we approach our translation will prove to be decisive. A number of prominent cultural critics, philosophers, and art theorists including Itamar Even-Zohar, Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, Umberto Eco, Gayatri Spivak, and Tejaswini Niranjana have shown intereste in translation, and have all made unique and insightful contributions to the field. At the same time a number of prominent translation theorists, including James Holmes, Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere, Lawrence Venuti, and Theo Hermans, have each emphasized in
It is clichéd to state that knowledge proliferates today at a rate unprecedented in history. It i... more It is clichéd to state that knowledge proliferates today at a rate unprecedented in history. It is now no longer new to say that knowledge is only a click away. The promise of technology is unfolding in front of us in vivid colours every minute of the day. It is all interwoven in every experience of everyday life. Business and industry, healthcare and medicine, social networking and warfare, all of it has been taken to an entirely new level of sophistication by the explosion of futuristic technologies. A universe of advanced gadgets is in the process of entering our lives sooner rather than later and we are looking into the crystal ball with open wonderment and deep sense of excitement. Education which held onto its old and repetitive ways for many many years as something sacred has now undergone drastic and irreversible change. Class rooms will never be the same again. So is the case of teaching and learning. But sadly enough, all of this is the privilege of the privileged lot, a large part of humanity still awaits its dawn of change, the first rays of light and a solution to the malady called inequality. This large part includes parts of even developed countries and developing countries like India and countries which live in abject poverty and downright inhuman conditions, some of them under the constant shadow of war and death.
The English education and English studies as it is form the crux of the issue-(re)visiting Indian... more The English education and English studies as it is form the crux of the issue-(re)visiting Indian intellectual tradition through Bakhtin. In such a state of conditioning induced by the English education and the English studies that we are eager to reject anything that is Indian and keen to embrace that is Western, 'Bakhtin in India' poses the sternest possible challenge because Bakhtin is a good scholar and it is easy to get carried away into thinking that his ideas can illumine our path along the Indian tradition. But the wise would caution that Indian tradition is self-illuminated and one does not need any external light. All one needs is genuine sincerity, an open mind and a true yearning for discourse. However, we have alienated ourselves from the tradition to such an extent that Indian tradition seems distant and unfamiliar, and Bakhtin seems like one of our own. But such are the contradictions of the academic scholarship in India. 'Bakhtin in India' is an occasion, less to celebrate Bakhtin, and more to discover the tradition for ourselves and see if there were any scholars, who were and are still our own and if we can benefit from their insights in our pursuits of furthering the dialogue for which we have to resort to Bakhtin and the like. Lead In: In the 21 st century world of varied intellectual crises, it is inevitable to engage with issues of where we belong, from where and how we have evolved as a society, and where we are headed to sort out why we perceive things in the way we do and the challenges that face us in this regard. It is also pertinent to rethink our assumptions of what we hold sacred and what we outright reject because it is in celebration and rejection of glorious and inglorious ideas respectively that we seem to have erred so far and erred in a way that has affected our intellectual orientation. The basic premises that we take for granted and the new premises we readily embrace have to be questioned and investigated rigorously and honestly to come somewhere close to the core of the fundamental issues of being and thinking; resolving them to some extent might be a little difficult to attempt till we fully grasp the true nature of the issues. The true challenge lies in educating ourselves as to how education is not sufficient to enable us to
Historiography of Translation is a vital exercise for a deeper understanding of the way translati... more Historiography of Translation is a vital exercise for a deeper understanding of the way translation evolved in a given time period, the way translators functioned, the kind of conditions of translation prevailed and the way individuals and agencies influenced the process of translation. It not only serves to illuminate the gaps in history but also seeks to explain the historical context. It throws new light on not merely the translation of a particular author but also its reception in a given culture. It stands at the intersection of languages, cultures and worldviews. Therefore, it is necessary to approach it in a suitable way and enrich ourselves with the insights derived from it with humility. History is a maze in which there are many uncharted terrains that await rigorous inquiry. As an intercultural construct, history of translation qualifies in varied ways for the same. As a culture, India disseminated its traditions of knowledge through translation. From its earliest stages, translation served as the medium of carrying across the diversity of ideas and cultural traditions. A pursuit in history is quite challenging even when it deals with one given culture or language. An endeavor which entails multiple cultural contexts and languages could offer the sternest possible challenge in historiography. Historiography of translation in a multilingual, multi-cultural context is an exercise rife with its fair share of complexities. However, if it is carried out in a painstakingly meticulous and rigorous manner, such an exercise could throw up new insights on the historical context of the given time