Indranil Sengupta | IIT Kharagpur (original) (raw)
Papers by Indranil Sengupta
Procedia Technology, 2012
Bar code technology is no more the best candidate for identification of any object. RFID replaces... more Bar code technology is no more the best candidate for identification of any object. RFID replaces the bar code technology due to its efficient detection capability. However, only one RFID tag in an object reveals less detection rate and hence the need to have more RFID tags in an object. An object tagged with multiple number of tags aligned with proper angle with each other can be detected easily. We have proposed an authentication scheme which uses these extra resources for enhancing the security during authentication. c
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2008
A robust and oblivious audio watermarking based on quantization of wavelet coefficients is propos... more A robust and oblivious audio watermarking based on quantization of wavelet coefficients is proposed in this paper. Watermark data is embedded by quantizing large wavelet coefficient in absolute value of high frequency detail sub-band at the third level wavelet transform. The watermark can be extracted without using the host signal. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good imperceptibility and robustness under common signal processing attacks such as additive noise, low-pass filtering, re-sampling, re-quantization, and MP3 compression. Moreover it is also robust against desynchronization attacks such as random cropping and jittering. Performance of the proposed scheme is better than audio watermarking scheme based on mean quantization.
17th International Symposium on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits & Systems, 2014
Synthesis of reversible circuits has attracted the attention of many researchers. In particular, ... more Synthesis of reversible circuits has attracted the attention of many researchers. In particular, approaches based on Decision Diagrams (DDs) have been shown beneficial since they enable the realization of corresponding circuits for large functions. However, all existing approaches rely on a gate library composed of positive control lines only. Recently, it has been shown that the additional use of negative control lines enables significant reductions of the respective circuit costs. In this paper, we aim for exploiting this potential. To this end, two complementary schemes are investigated. First, a post-synthesis optimization that exploits the power of negative control lines is utilized to optimize the circuits generated by previously proposed DD-based methods. Second, negative control lines are explicitly considered during synthesis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approaches result in a significant reduction with respect to gate count as well as quantum costs.
![Research paper thumbnail of Reformatting test patterns for testing embedded core based system using test access mechanism (TAM) switch [SoC]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/99907013/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Proceedings of ASP-DAC/VLSI Design 2002. 7th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference and 15h International Conference on VLSI Design
In the present paper a new algorithm for reformatting the test vector of System On Chip (SOC) wit... more In the present paper a new algorithm for reformatting the test vector of System On Chip (SOC) with Test Access Mechanism (TAM) has been proposed. Exhaustive experimentation has been done by employing random reformatted test vectors to a variety of SOCs, constructed with the ISCAS sequential benchmark circuits. For a limited number of input pins, which has been provided for testing the SOC, the proposed algorithm reduces drastically the test-time as well as the hardware. 1.Introduction Embedded cores are becoming popular day by day due to their design-reuse, greater on-chip functionality and shorter production cycle [4]. But the testing of such cores in SoC has become a major challenge. Due to nonaccessibility of the core inputs and outputs some special access mechanisms are used to test them at the chip level. So building efficient test access architectures like test access mechanism (TAM) [5, 6, 7] to transport the test data to the core inputs and extracting the output test patterns still has considerable interest. A number of TAM architectures [8] have been proposed, like macro-test, core-transparency [2], dedicated test-bus, multiplexed access, and a test architecture based on test rail [3]. Test rail provides a flexible and scalable architecture, and helps to trade off between test time and area overhead by varying test data width. Most of the prior works have restricted themselves to time scheduling only [1]. In the present work we develop a novel strategy of feeding in the test input patterns so that the correct input patterns reach their respective cores through the TAM switches and are tested correctly. We have divided the paper into the following number of sections. The section 2 describes the TAM switch which is the basic component of the testing strategy. In section 3 we describe the proposed work. Section 4 explains the algorithms used for reformatting the test vectors. In section 5 the verification of the reformatted test pattern has been described.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006
Coverage is a central issue in the design of wireless sensor networks. There are many measures fo... more Coverage is a central issue in the design of wireless sensor networks. There are many measures for coverage, based on what aspect of surveillance quality we wish to address. Designing a network that achieves desired standards in terms of the measure chosen is a nontrivial problem. In this paper we take the Maximal Breach Path measure and formulate the sensor-network design problem as a geometric optimisation problem. We present improved polynomial time algorithms for computing the aforesaid measure for a given sensor network. Also, as a first step toward solving the optimisation problem posed in this paper, we present a geometric transformation on a given configuration of sensors that brings the maximal breach to a "local optimal"-in the sense that the resulting breach is the best we can get keeping the topology of the starting configuration intact.
isical.ac.in
Abstract. Coverage is an important issue in Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs). It gives a measure ... more Abstract. Coverage is an important issue in Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs). It gives a measure of the quality of surveillance a WSN provides over a field it is designed to monitor. Different measures of cover-age capture different aspects of surveillance. In this paper, we study two ...
IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch., 2015
The challenge of maintaining confidentiality of stored data in cloud is of utmost importance to r... more The challenge of maintaining confidentiality of stored data in cloud is of utmost importance to realize the potential of cloud computing. Storing data in encrypted form may solve the problem, but increases the security issues and diminishes the essence of cloud while performing operations on cloud data by repeated decryption-encryption. Hence, Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is an effective scheme to support arbitrary operations directly on encrypted data. Further, cloud mostly acts as storage database, hence secured sorting and searching of FHE cloud data can be an effective field of research. We have investigated the feasibility of performing comparison as well as partition based sort on CPA resistant FHE data and highlight an important observation that time requirement of partition based sort on FHE data is no better than comparison based sort owing to the security of the cryptosystem. We identify the recrypt operation, which is the denoising step of FHE as the main reason of ...
14th Asian Test Symposium (ATS'05), 2005
Abstract In the present day, most of the designs for testability (DFT) strategies are based on fu... more Abstract In the present day, most of the designs for testability (DFT) strategies are based on full and partial scan designs. Different methods are used to select the flip-flops for the scan path, which are based on the structure of the circuit, and some testability measures. However, ...
The 11th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2003. ICON2003.
. I. INTRODUCTION As demand for bandwidth in today's Internet is increasing every day, more ... more . I. INTRODUCTION As demand for bandwidth in today's Internet is increasing every day, more and more people believe that optical WDM networks are the most promising solution for setting up next generation networks. Wavelength-selective and wavelength-interchangeable are ...
2000 IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00TH8488)
As the demand for mobile communication is increasing and the servers are located on the static ne... more As the demand for mobile communication is increasing and the servers are located on the static network, fixed end to mobile end communication is a very important issue. Also, users demand integrated services like videoconferencing, video on demand and also Internet services and access to remote database servers. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical hybrid network architecture providing integrated services to mobile users
IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 2015
Cloud provides large shared resources where users (or foundations) can enjoy the facility of stor... more Cloud provides large shared resources where users (or foundations) can enjoy the facility of storing data or executing applications. In spite of gaining convenience of large resources, storing critical data in cloud is not secured. Hence, cloud security is an important issue to make cloud useful at the enterprise level. Data encryption is a primary solution for providing confidentiality to sensitive data. However, processing of encrypted data requires extra overhead, since repeated encryption-decryption need to be performed for every simple processing on encrypted data. Hence, direct processing on encrypted cloud data is advantageous, which is supported by homomorphic encryption schemes. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) provides a method of performing arbitrary operations directly on encrypted data. This seemingly magical idea is a welcome to cloud computing. However, there are several challenges to overcome for making the technology viable in practical applications. In this paper, we make an initial effort to highlight the problem of translating algorithms that can run on unencrypted or normal data to those which operate on encrypted data. Here, we show that although FHE provides the ability to perform arbitrary computations, its complete benefit can only be obtained if they also allow to execute arbitrary algorithms on encrypted data. In this pursuit, we provide techniques to translate basic operators (like bitwise, arithmetic and relational operators), which are used for implementation of algorithms in any high level language like C. Subsequently, we address decision making and loop handling and related data structures which are vital to realize when the controlling variables are encrypted. Since, termination is a major challenge while handling encrypted data, we propose a method of handling termination by message passing between server and client.
International Symposium on Information Technology, 2000
In distributed systems uneven arrival of the tasks may overload few hosts keeping the rest of the... more In distributed systems uneven arrival of the tasks may overload few hosts keeping the rest of the hosts lightly loaded or even idle. This results in overall poor system performance in spite of the system capabilities. To utilize the capabilities of distributed systems load balancing can be used. Load balancing always comes with a lot of overheads. We propose an
IETE Journal of Research, 2005
In this paper, we give a brief review of the work done by various researchers over the years in t... more In this paper, we give a brief review of the work done by various researchers over the years in the area of Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) optical network and more specifically in the area of connection establishment Optical WDM is the most promising solution for ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2002
We propose a resource reservation policy called Mobility-adaptive Bandwidth Reservation (MBR) sch... more We propose a resource reservation policy called Mobility-adaptive Bandwidth Reservation (MBR) scheme. The scheme performs admission control and is adaptive to changes in traffic caused by user mobility. It involves storing and analyzing information regarding the history ...
In our proposed scheme, the participants are arranged in a hierarchical structure according to th... more In our proposed scheme, the participants are arranged in a hierarchical structure according to their position or rank and each first level participant as a parent node delegates his power to the lower level hierarchical group members. The group members help to reconstruct the secret shares of their parent nodes in their absence and the secret key is reconstructed even if at least one parent node is present. The secret shares are transmitted between the participants and the trusted dealer through our Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) based signcryption scheme. The formal security analysis shows that our proposed scheme is protected from the adversaries.
2008 16th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2008
Abstract-In wavelength routed optical networks, each optical link is capable of carrying traffic ... more Abstract-In wavelength routed optical networks, each optical link is capable of carrying traffic using several wavelengths and each wavelength as well as lightpath support traffic in the Gbps range. On the other hand, the traffic requested by individual connection is still in the Mbps ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012
Conventional Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystems are subjected to side channel attacks because of t... more Conventional Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystems are subjected to side channel attacks because of their lack of unifiedness. On the other hand, unified cryptosystems based on Edwards curves have been found to be slow. The present paper proposes the first VLSI design of binary Huff curves, which also lead to unified scalar multiplication. Several optimized architectural features have been developed to utilize the FPGA resources better, and yet lead to a faster circuit. Experimental results have been presented on the standard NIST curves, and on state-of-the-art GF (2 233) to show that the design is significantly faster than other unified EC cryptosystems.
Proceedings of the 21st edition of the great lakes symposium on Great lakes symposium on VLSI - GLSVLSI '11, 2011
ABSTRACT Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has proven its superiority, since it was proposed in t... more ABSTRACT Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has proven its superiority, since it was proposed in the domain of Public-Key Cryptography [1]. Further, Edwards curve adds a new paradigm to ECC in terms of speed and security against exceptional point attacks. This curve has been recently extended to Binary Edwards Curves (BEC), due to efficiency of implementation in GF(2m) fields and to harvest the advantages of a unified and complete scalar point multiplication on the family of BEC. In spite of achieving the unification, it introduces more challenges to the designer to reduce the computation time and trade-off the area in efficient way. This work reports an implementation of BEC processor with an effort to better utilize the look-up table (LUT) of the FPGA. The design further implements the ternary algorithm to increase the efficiency. However, to the best of our knowledge there exists no previous implementations of BEC on FPGA platform. The proposed design has been implemented for state-of-the-art GF(2233) fields. The performance of the design has been found to compare favorably with the existing designs on standard cell ASIC libraries, in spite of being implemented on FPGA platform.
Procedia Technology, 2012
Bar code technology is no more the best candidate for identification of any object. RFID replaces... more Bar code technology is no more the best candidate for identification of any object. RFID replaces the bar code technology due to its efficient detection capability. However, only one RFID tag in an object reveals less detection rate and hence the need to have more RFID tags in an object. An object tagged with multiple number of tags aligned with proper angle with each other can be detected easily. We have proposed an authentication scheme which uses these extra resources for enhancing the security during authentication. c
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2008
A robust and oblivious audio watermarking based on quantization of wavelet coefficients is propos... more A robust and oblivious audio watermarking based on quantization of wavelet coefficients is proposed in this paper. Watermark data is embedded by quantizing large wavelet coefficient in absolute value of high frequency detail sub-band at the third level wavelet transform. The watermark can be extracted without using the host signal. Experimental results show that the proposed method has good imperceptibility and robustness under common signal processing attacks such as additive noise, low-pass filtering, re-sampling, re-quantization, and MP3 compression. Moreover it is also robust against desynchronization attacks such as random cropping and jittering. Performance of the proposed scheme is better than audio watermarking scheme based on mean quantization.
17th International Symposium on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits & Systems, 2014
Synthesis of reversible circuits has attracted the attention of many researchers. In particular, ... more Synthesis of reversible circuits has attracted the attention of many researchers. In particular, approaches based on Decision Diagrams (DDs) have been shown beneficial since they enable the realization of corresponding circuits for large functions. However, all existing approaches rely on a gate library composed of positive control lines only. Recently, it has been shown that the additional use of negative control lines enables significant reductions of the respective circuit costs. In this paper, we aim for exploiting this potential. To this end, two complementary schemes are investigated. First, a post-synthesis optimization that exploits the power of negative control lines is utilized to optimize the circuits generated by previously proposed DD-based methods. Second, negative control lines are explicitly considered during synthesis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approaches result in a significant reduction with respect to gate count as well as quantum costs.
Proceedings of ASP-DAC/VLSI Design 2002. 7th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference and 15h International Conference on VLSI Design
In the present paper a new algorithm for reformatting the test vector of System On Chip (SOC) wit... more In the present paper a new algorithm for reformatting the test vector of System On Chip (SOC) with Test Access Mechanism (TAM) has been proposed. Exhaustive experimentation has been done by employing random reformatted test vectors to a variety of SOCs, constructed with the ISCAS sequential benchmark circuits. For a limited number of input pins, which has been provided for testing the SOC, the proposed algorithm reduces drastically the test-time as well as the hardware. 1.Introduction Embedded cores are becoming popular day by day due to their design-reuse, greater on-chip functionality and shorter production cycle [4]. But the testing of such cores in SoC has become a major challenge. Due to nonaccessibility of the core inputs and outputs some special access mechanisms are used to test them at the chip level. So building efficient test access architectures like test access mechanism (TAM) [5, 6, 7] to transport the test data to the core inputs and extracting the output test patterns still has considerable interest. A number of TAM architectures [8] have been proposed, like macro-test, core-transparency [2], dedicated test-bus, multiplexed access, and a test architecture based on test rail [3]. Test rail provides a flexible and scalable architecture, and helps to trade off between test time and area overhead by varying test data width. Most of the prior works have restricted themselves to time scheduling only [1]. In the present work we develop a novel strategy of feeding in the test input patterns so that the correct input patterns reach their respective cores through the TAM switches and are tested correctly. We have divided the paper into the following number of sections. The section 2 describes the TAM switch which is the basic component of the testing strategy. In section 3 we describe the proposed work. Section 4 explains the algorithms used for reformatting the test vectors. In section 5 the verification of the reformatted test pattern has been described.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006
Coverage is a central issue in the design of wireless sensor networks. There are many measures fo... more Coverage is a central issue in the design of wireless sensor networks. There are many measures for coverage, based on what aspect of surveillance quality we wish to address. Designing a network that achieves desired standards in terms of the measure chosen is a nontrivial problem. In this paper we take the Maximal Breach Path measure and formulate the sensor-network design problem as a geometric optimisation problem. We present improved polynomial time algorithms for computing the aforesaid measure for a given sensor network. Also, as a first step toward solving the optimisation problem posed in this paper, we present a geometric transformation on a given configuration of sensors that brings the maximal breach to a "local optimal"-in the sense that the resulting breach is the best we can get keeping the topology of the starting configuration intact.
isical.ac.in
Abstract. Coverage is an important issue in Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs). It gives a measure ... more Abstract. Coverage is an important issue in Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs). It gives a measure of the quality of surveillance a WSN provides over a field it is designed to monitor. Different measures of cover-age capture different aspects of surveillance. In this paper, we study two ...
IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch., 2015
The challenge of maintaining confidentiality of stored data in cloud is of utmost importance to r... more The challenge of maintaining confidentiality of stored data in cloud is of utmost importance to realize the potential of cloud computing. Storing data in encrypted form may solve the problem, but increases the security issues and diminishes the essence of cloud while performing operations on cloud data by repeated decryption-encryption. Hence, Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is an effective scheme to support arbitrary operations directly on encrypted data. Further, cloud mostly acts as storage database, hence secured sorting and searching of FHE cloud data can be an effective field of research. We have investigated the feasibility of performing comparison as well as partition based sort on CPA resistant FHE data and highlight an important observation that time requirement of partition based sort on FHE data is no better than comparison based sort owing to the security of the cryptosystem. We identify the recrypt operation, which is the denoising step of FHE as the main reason of ...
14th Asian Test Symposium (ATS'05), 2005
Abstract In the present day, most of the designs for testability (DFT) strategies are based on fu... more Abstract In the present day, most of the designs for testability (DFT) strategies are based on full and partial scan designs. Different methods are used to select the flip-flops for the scan path, which are based on the structure of the circuit, and some testability measures. However, ...
The 11th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2003. ICON2003.
. I. INTRODUCTION As demand for bandwidth in today's Internet is increasing every day, more ... more . I. INTRODUCTION As demand for bandwidth in today's Internet is increasing every day, more and more people believe that optical WDM networks are the most promising solution for setting up next generation networks. Wavelength-selective and wavelength-interchangeable are ...
2000 IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00TH8488)
As the demand for mobile communication is increasing and the servers are located on the static ne... more As the demand for mobile communication is increasing and the servers are located on the static network, fixed end to mobile end communication is a very important issue. Also, users demand integrated services like videoconferencing, video on demand and also Internet services and access to remote database servers. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical hybrid network architecture providing integrated services to mobile users
IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 2015
Cloud provides large shared resources where users (or foundations) can enjoy the facility of stor... more Cloud provides large shared resources where users (or foundations) can enjoy the facility of storing data or executing applications. In spite of gaining convenience of large resources, storing critical data in cloud is not secured. Hence, cloud security is an important issue to make cloud useful at the enterprise level. Data encryption is a primary solution for providing confidentiality to sensitive data. However, processing of encrypted data requires extra overhead, since repeated encryption-decryption need to be performed for every simple processing on encrypted data. Hence, direct processing on encrypted cloud data is advantageous, which is supported by homomorphic encryption schemes. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) provides a method of performing arbitrary operations directly on encrypted data. This seemingly magical idea is a welcome to cloud computing. However, there are several challenges to overcome for making the technology viable in practical applications. In this paper, we make an initial effort to highlight the problem of translating algorithms that can run on unencrypted or normal data to those which operate on encrypted data. Here, we show that although FHE provides the ability to perform arbitrary computations, its complete benefit can only be obtained if they also allow to execute arbitrary algorithms on encrypted data. In this pursuit, we provide techniques to translate basic operators (like bitwise, arithmetic and relational operators), which are used for implementation of algorithms in any high level language like C. Subsequently, we address decision making and loop handling and related data structures which are vital to realize when the controlling variables are encrypted. Since, termination is a major challenge while handling encrypted data, we propose a method of handling termination by message passing between server and client.
International Symposium on Information Technology, 2000
In distributed systems uneven arrival of the tasks may overload few hosts keeping the rest of the... more In distributed systems uneven arrival of the tasks may overload few hosts keeping the rest of the hosts lightly loaded or even idle. This results in overall poor system performance in spite of the system capabilities. To utilize the capabilities of distributed systems load balancing can be used. Load balancing always comes with a lot of overheads. We propose an
IETE Journal of Research, 2005
In this paper, we give a brief review of the work done by various researchers over the years in t... more In this paper, we give a brief review of the work done by various researchers over the years in the area of Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) optical network and more specifically in the area of connection establishment Optical WDM is the most promising solution for ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2002
We propose a resource reservation policy called Mobility-adaptive Bandwidth Reservation (MBR) sch... more We propose a resource reservation policy called Mobility-adaptive Bandwidth Reservation (MBR) scheme. The scheme performs admission control and is adaptive to changes in traffic caused by user mobility. It involves storing and analyzing information regarding the history ...
In our proposed scheme, the participants are arranged in a hierarchical structure according to th... more In our proposed scheme, the participants are arranged in a hierarchical structure according to their position or rank and each first level participant as a parent node delegates his power to the lower level hierarchical group members. The group members help to reconstruct the secret shares of their parent nodes in their absence and the secret key is reconstructed even if at least one parent node is present. The secret shares are transmitted between the participants and the trusted dealer through our Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) based signcryption scheme. The formal security analysis shows that our proposed scheme is protected from the adversaries.
2008 16th IEEE International Conference on Networks, 2008
Abstract-In wavelength routed optical networks, each optical link is capable of carrying traffic ... more Abstract-In wavelength routed optical networks, each optical link is capable of carrying traffic using several wavelengths and each wavelength as well as lightpath support traffic in the Gbps range. On the other hand, the traffic requested by individual connection is still in the Mbps ...
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2012
Conventional Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystems are subjected to side channel attacks because of t... more Conventional Elliptic Curve (EC) cryptosystems are subjected to side channel attacks because of their lack of unifiedness. On the other hand, unified cryptosystems based on Edwards curves have been found to be slow. The present paper proposes the first VLSI design of binary Huff curves, which also lead to unified scalar multiplication. Several optimized architectural features have been developed to utilize the FPGA resources better, and yet lead to a faster circuit. Experimental results have been presented on the standard NIST curves, and on state-of-the-art GF (2 233) to show that the design is significantly faster than other unified EC cryptosystems.
Proceedings of the 21st edition of the great lakes symposium on Great lakes symposium on VLSI - GLSVLSI '11, 2011
ABSTRACT Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has proven its superiority, since it was proposed in t... more ABSTRACT Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has proven its superiority, since it was proposed in the domain of Public-Key Cryptography [1]. Further, Edwards curve adds a new paradigm to ECC in terms of speed and security against exceptional point attacks. This curve has been recently extended to Binary Edwards Curves (BEC), due to efficiency of implementation in GF(2m) fields and to harvest the advantages of a unified and complete scalar point multiplication on the family of BEC. In spite of achieving the unification, it introduces more challenges to the designer to reduce the computation time and trade-off the area in efficient way. This work reports an implementation of BEC processor with an effort to better utilize the look-up table (LUT) of the FPGA. The design further implements the ternary algorithm to increase the efficiency. However, to the best of our knowledge there exists no previous implementations of BEC on FPGA platform. The proposed design has been implemented for state-of-the-art GF(2233) fields. The performance of the design has been found to compare favorably with the existing designs on standard cell ASIC libraries, in spite of being implemented on FPGA platform.