Precious Egbuikwem | Imo State Polytechnic (original) (raw)

Papers by Precious Egbuikwem

Research paper thumbnail of Coagulation Efficacy of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract Compared to Alum for Removal of Turbidity and E. coli in Three Different Water Sources

Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa,... more Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa, resultant adverse effects on human health, andhigh cost of water treatment facilities and chemicals have prompted several studies on the use of natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera. This study was conductedto assess the efficacy of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa Oleifera seeds for treatment of contaminated water. Moringa seeds were shelled, oven-dried and milled, after which the oil content was extracted with a solvent (n-hexane) in an electro thermal soxhlet apparatus and the residue was used as water coagulant. Representative water samples from stream, pond and well were collected and subjected to purification studies using seed extract of Moringa Oleifera and well processed certified Aluminum Sulphate. The efficiencies of the two coagulants were evaluated using a standard jar test. At optimum dosages of 2.5, 4.5 and 6.0 ml of M.O. seeds extract, turbidity removal effi...

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Research paper thumbnail of Appraisal of suspended growth process for treatment of mixture of simulated petroleum, textile, domestic, agriculture and pharmaceutical wastewater

Environmental Technology, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of The impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut development and bifurcation

2016 ASABE International Meeting, 2016

The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Thresho... more The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Threshold conditions for rill and headcut bifurcation as well as conditions for sediment deposition in rills and headcuts were studied in rills formed in a sandy loam soil of the Cottenham series in a soil erosion rig. The results from this study were encouraging and elucidate the impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut bifurcation and subsequent rill and headcut development and growth. The results have the potentials of improving rill erosion models if the processes of deposition and bifurcation of rills and headcuts processes are included. Field experimentation of this study is recommended.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of aerobic biological process with post-ozonation for treatment of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater for potential reuse in agriculture

Bioresource Technology, 2020

Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatmen... more Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatment of simulated complex mixed industrial and domestic wastewater at specific conditions. The SGBP was operated under complete aeration, 30/30-min and 60/30-min on/off aeration cycles and effluent was exposed to ozone at 250 mgO3/h fixed dose and contact time 1 to 60-min. The SGBP performance was maximum under 60/30-min aeration conditions achieving 92.1, 90.6, 83.3 and 83.8% reduction in COD, BOD5, TN and PO4-P respectively. Nitrification (64.1%) was uninhibited even on transition to pulse aeration cycles. The concentrations of diesel oil and methylene blue dye were reduced by 83.6 and 93.5% respectively. Post-ozonation oxidized residual organics up to 19.9%, based on COD measurement, and increased effluent BOD5 up to 49.5%. The results including the crop growth outcomes indicate that SGBP-O3 process has great potential to improve the quality of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater considerably for various water reuse applications.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Evapotranspiration Models for Waterleaf crop using Data from Lysimeter

2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017

Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a veg... more Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a vegetated surface. Lysimeters are the most reliable method to measure direct evapotranspiration from a vegetated area, as long as they are properly installed, operated and well managed. Three lysimeters were standardized and used for this study. Plastic containers of 350 mm in height and 300 mm diameter were filled with sandy-loam soil. A sensitive weighing balance was used to measure the changes in weight during the experiments. Daily evapotranspiration data were collected. An irrigation frequency of 2 times per week of 8 cm depth was applied to prevent permanent wilting. Climatic data were obtained from the weather stations of Sam Mbakwe airport, Imo state and Anambra Imo-River Basin Development Authority (AIRBDA), Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, for Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evapotranspiration measurement to compare with ET data from the lysimeters. The evapotranspiration results for the lysimeter, Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evaporation were 5.03, 5.44, 4.95, 4.86 and 4.78 mm/day respectively. Analyses of the data show that the ETc values for BMN, BC, HG, and Piche compared favourably with the ETc from the Lysimeter. ETc for BMN was slightly higher than the value for the Lysimeter, while the ETc for BC, HG and Piche were slightly lower. Based on this study (lysimeter used and crop studied), it can be concluded that this type of lysimeter is a good method for determining the evapotranspiration of waterleaf crop and other similar crops. Therefore, this simple lysimeter can be used to generate ET data where standard climatic data measurements are not available.

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Research paper thumbnail of Potential of suspended growth biological processes for mixed wastewater reclamation and reuse in agriculture: challenges and opportunities

Environmental Technology Reviews

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Research paper thumbnail of Appraisal of suspended growth process for treatment of mixture of simulated petroleum, textile, domestic, agriculture and pharmaceutical wastewater

Environmental Technology

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Research paper thumbnail of Appraisal of suspended growth process for treatment of mixture of simulated petroleum, textile, domestic, agriculture and pharmaceutical wastewater

Environmental Technology

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Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of suspended growth biological process for treatment and reuse of mixed wastewater for irrigation of edible crops under hydroponic conditions

Agricultural Water Management

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of aerobic biological process with post-ozonation for treatment of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater for potential reuse in agriculture

Bioresource Technology, 2020

Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatmen... more Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatment of simulated complex mixed industrial and domestic wastewater at specific conditions. The SGBP was operated under complete aeration, 30/30-min and 60/30-min on/off aeration cycles and effluent was exposed to ozone at 250 mgO3/h fixed dose and contact time 1 to 60-min. The SGBP performance was maximum under 60/30-min aeration conditions achieving 92.1, 90.6, 83.3 and 83.8% reduction in COD, BOD5, TN and PO4-P respectively. Nitrification (64.1%) was uninhibited even on transition to pulse aeration cycles. The concentrations of diesel oil and methylene blue dye were reduced by 83.6 and 93.5% respectively. Post-ozonation oxidized residual organics up to 19.9%, based on COD measurement, and increased effluent BOD5 up to 49.5%. The results including the crop growth outcomes indicate that SGBP-O3 process has great potential to improve the quality of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater considerably for various water reuse applications.

Domestic wastewater; Industrial wastewater; Mixed-wastewater treatment; Ozonation; Suspended growth biological process; Water reuse in agriculture.

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Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of suspended growth biological process for treatment and reuse of mixed wastewater for irrigation of edible crops under hydroponic conditions

Agricultural Water Management, 2020

Due to the increasing freshwater deterioration and demand for irrigation, there is pressing need ... more Due to the increasing freshwater deterioration and demand for irrigation, there is pressing need to reclaim and reuse wastewater for agricultural operations. While this practice is gaining significant traction in developed world, it is quite rare in most developing countries with inadequate or no functional sewerage facilities and treatment systems at both municipal and industrial levels occasioned by high investment and operational costs. Consequently, wastewaters generated are in complex heterogenous mix of industrial, domestic, municipal and agricultural runoff wastewater. Biological technologies which utilize the expertise of microorganisms are con- sidered robust, efficient and economically attractive for treatment of wide range of wastewaters and they have high suitability in developing countries. This work therefore assessed the potential of suspended growth bio- logical process (SGBP) for reclamation and reuse of mixed wastewater composed a mixture of domestic effluent, pharmaceutical, textile, petroleum discharges and agricultural runoff for irrigation of edible crops (lettuce and beets) with plants phenological parameters as measuring indicators. The germination and phenological char- acteristics of crops were studied in a hydroponic unit under four irrigation regimes: tap water as control, mixed wastewater, SGBP treated wastewater, and tap water mixed with nutrient solution as upper control, for a duration of 45-d. The results proved that the SGBP treated wastewater had no negative impact on germination responses of the seed crops. However, residual recalcitrant compounds caused early stunted growth in plant root systems with resultant limited access to nutrients. Consequently, plant vegetative growth and phenological development as well as chlorophyll production were reduced. In comparison to nutrients supplemented solution, nutrients deficiency and imbalance in treated wastewater contributed to the poor development in irrigated plants. The outcomes of seed germination and plant growth experiments show a positive indication for reuse of mixed wastewater in agriculture. However, there is need for further research to explore the long-term benefits and limitations of reusing such treated wastewater.

Keywords
Aerobic biological processes; Mixed wastewater treatment; Wastewater reuse; Hydroponic agriculture; Vegetable production; Water scarcity.

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Research paper thumbnail of Coagulation Efficacy of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract Compared to Alum for Removal of Turbidity and E. coli in Three Different Water Sources.

Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa,... more Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa, resultant adverse effects on human health, andhigh cost of water treatment facilities and chemicals have prompted several studies on the use of natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera. This study was conductedto assess the efficacy of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa Oleifera seeds for treatment of contaminated water. Moringa seeds were shelled, oven-dried and milled, after which the oil content was extracted with a solvent (n-hexane) in an electro thermal soxhlet apparatus and the residue was used as water coagulant. Representative water samples from stream, pond and well were collected and subjected to purification studies using seed extract of Moringa Oleifera and well processed certified Aluminum Sulphate. The efficiencies of the two coagulants were evaluated using a standard jar test. At optimum dosages of 2.5, 4.5 and 6.0 ml of M.O. seeds extract, turbidity removal efficiencies were 90.4%, 95.6% and 96.7% for the well, stream and pond water samples respectively. The respective values for alum at optimum dosages of 2.0, 3.5 and 4.0ml were 100%, 99.9% and 99.9%. M.O. and Alum reduced the E.Coli contents of the stream water to 33 CFU/100ml and 76 CFU/100ml respectively. E.coli removal efficiencies of M.O. and Alum for the pond water were 86% and 44% respectively. For the well water sample, the removal efficiencies recorded for Moringa and Alum were 90% and 52% respectively.The results show that M.O. seed possesses some antimicrobial properties and good coagulating substance that is comparable to commercial alum in turbidity removal. The natural coagulant is biodegradable, environmentally friendly and non-toxic, thus, making it a potentially viable substitute to alum in addressing the challenges facing potable water supplyespecially in rural and peri-urban areas of developing countries.

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Conference Presentations by Precious Egbuikwem

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut development and bifurcation

ASABE , 2016

The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Thresho... more The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Threshold conditions for rill and headcut bifurcation as well as conditions for sediment deposition in rills and headcuts were studied in rills formed in a sandy loam soil of the Cottenham series in a soil erosion rig. The results from this study were encouraging and elucidate the impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut bifurcation and subsequent rill and headcut development and growth. The results have the potentials of improving rill erosion models if the processes of deposition and bifurcation of rills and headcuts processes are included. Field experimentation of this study is recommended.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Evapotranspiration Models for Waterleaf crop using Data from Lysimeter

ASABE , 2017

Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a veg... more Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a vegetated surface. Lysimeters are the most reliable method to measure direct evapotranspiration from a vegetated area, as long as they are properly installed, operated and well managed. Three lysimeters were standardized and used for this study. Plastic containers of 350 mm in height and 300 mm diameter were filled with sandy-loam soil. A sensitive weighing balance was used to measure the changes in weight during the experiments. Daily evapotranspiration data were collected. An irrigation frequency of 2 times per week of 8 cm depth was applied to prevent permanent wilting. Climatic data were obtained from the weather stations of Sam Mbakwe airport, Imo state and Anambra Imo-River Basin Development Authority (AIRBDA), Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, for Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evapotranspiration measurement to compare with ET data from the lysimeters. The evapotranspiration results for the lysimeter, Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evaporation were 5.03, 5.44, 4.95, 4.86 and 4.78 mm/day respectively. Analyses of the data show that the ETc values for BMN, BC, HG, and Piche compared favourably with the ETc from the Lysimeter. ETc for BMN was slightly higher than the value for the Lysimeter, while the ETc for BC, HG and Piche were slightly lower. Based on this study (lysimeter used and crop studied), it can be concluded that this type of lysimeter is a good method for determining the evapotranspiration of waterleaf crop and other similar crops. Therefore, this simple lysimeter can be used to generate ET data where standard climatic data measurements are not available.

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Research paper thumbnail of Coagulation Efficacy of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract Compared to Alum for Removal of Turbidity and E. coli in Three Different Water Sources

Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa,... more Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa, resultant adverse effects on human health, andhigh cost of water treatment facilities and chemicals have prompted several studies on the use of natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera. This study was conductedto assess the efficacy of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa Oleifera seeds for treatment of contaminated water. Moringa seeds were shelled, oven-dried and milled, after which the oil content was extracted with a solvent (n-hexane) in an electro thermal soxhlet apparatus and the residue was used as water coagulant. Representative water samples from stream, pond and well were collected and subjected to purification studies using seed extract of Moringa Oleifera and well processed certified Aluminum Sulphate. The efficiencies of the two coagulants were evaluated using a standard jar test. At optimum dosages of 2.5, 4.5 and 6.0 ml of M.O. seeds extract, turbidity removal effi...

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Research paper thumbnail of Appraisal of suspended growth process for treatment of mixture of simulated petroleum, textile, domestic, agriculture and pharmaceutical wastewater

Environmental Technology, 2019

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Research paper thumbnail of The impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut development and bifurcation

2016 ASABE International Meeting, 2016

The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Thresho... more The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Threshold conditions for rill and headcut bifurcation as well as conditions for sediment deposition in rills and headcuts were studied in rills formed in a sandy loam soil of the Cottenham series in a soil erosion rig. The results from this study were encouraging and elucidate the impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut bifurcation and subsequent rill and headcut development and growth. The results have the potentials of improving rill erosion models if the processes of deposition and bifurcation of rills and headcuts processes are included. Field experimentation of this study is recommended.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of aerobic biological process with post-ozonation for treatment of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater for potential reuse in agriculture

Bioresource Technology, 2020

Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatmen... more Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatment of simulated complex mixed industrial and domestic wastewater at specific conditions. The SGBP was operated under complete aeration, 30/30-min and 60/30-min on/off aeration cycles and effluent was exposed to ozone at 250 mgO3/h fixed dose and contact time 1 to 60-min. The SGBP performance was maximum under 60/30-min aeration conditions achieving 92.1, 90.6, 83.3 and 83.8% reduction in COD, BOD5, TN and PO4-P respectively. Nitrification (64.1%) was uninhibited even on transition to pulse aeration cycles. The concentrations of diesel oil and methylene blue dye were reduced by 83.6 and 93.5% respectively. Post-ozonation oxidized residual organics up to 19.9%, based on COD measurement, and increased effluent BOD5 up to 49.5%. The results including the crop growth outcomes indicate that SGBP-O3 process has great potential to improve the quality of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater considerably for various water reuse applications.

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Evapotranspiration Models for Waterleaf crop using Data from Lysimeter

2017 Spokane, Washington July 16 - July 19, 2017

Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a veg... more Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a vegetated surface. Lysimeters are the most reliable method to measure direct evapotranspiration from a vegetated area, as long as they are properly installed, operated and well managed. Three lysimeters were standardized and used for this study. Plastic containers of 350 mm in height and 300 mm diameter were filled with sandy-loam soil. A sensitive weighing balance was used to measure the changes in weight during the experiments. Daily evapotranspiration data were collected. An irrigation frequency of 2 times per week of 8 cm depth was applied to prevent permanent wilting. Climatic data were obtained from the weather stations of Sam Mbakwe airport, Imo state and Anambra Imo-River Basin Development Authority (AIRBDA), Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, for Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evapotranspiration measurement to compare with ET data from the lysimeters. The evapotranspiration results for the lysimeter, Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evaporation were 5.03, 5.44, 4.95, 4.86 and 4.78 mm/day respectively. Analyses of the data show that the ETc values for BMN, BC, HG, and Piche compared favourably with the ETc from the Lysimeter. ETc for BMN was slightly higher than the value for the Lysimeter, while the ETc for BC, HG and Piche were slightly lower. Based on this study (lysimeter used and crop studied), it can be concluded that this type of lysimeter is a good method for determining the evapotranspiration of waterleaf crop and other similar crops. Therefore, this simple lysimeter can be used to generate ET data where standard climatic data measurements are not available.

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Research paper thumbnail of Potential of suspended growth biological processes for mixed wastewater reclamation and reuse in agriculture: challenges and opportunities

Environmental Technology Reviews

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Research paper thumbnail of Appraisal of suspended growth process for treatment of mixture of simulated petroleum, textile, domestic, agriculture and pharmaceutical wastewater

Environmental Technology

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Appraisal of suspended growth process for treatment of mixture of simulated petroleum, textile, domestic, agriculture and pharmaceutical wastewater

Environmental Technology

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Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of suspended growth biological process for treatment and reuse of mixed wastewater for irrigation of edible crops under hydroponic conditions

Agricultural Water Management

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Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of aerobic biological process with post-ozonation for treatment of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater for potential reuse in agriculture

Bioresource Technology, 2020

Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatmen... more Suspended growth biological process (SGBP) with post-ozonation (O3) was investigated for treatment of simulated complex mixed industrial and domestic wastewater at specific conditions. The SGBP was operated under complete aeration, 30/30-min and 60/30-min on/off aeration cycles and effluent was exposed to ozone at 250 mgO3/h fixed dose and contact time 1 to 60-min. The SGBP performance was maximum under 60/30-min aeration conditions achieving 92.1, 90.6, 83.3 and 83.8% reduction in COD, BOD5, TN and PO4-P respectively. Nitrification (64.1%) was uninhibited even on transition to pulse aeration cycles. The concentrations of diesel oil and methylene blue dye were reduced by 83.6 and 93.5% respectively. Post-ozonation oxidized residual organics up to 19.9%, based on COD measurement, and increased effluent BOD5 up to 49.5%. The results including the crop growth outcomes indicate that SGBP-O3 process has great potential to improve the quality of mixed industrial and domestic wastewater considerably for various water reuse applications.

Domestic wastewater; Industrial wastewater; Mixed-wastewater treatment; Ozonation; Suspended growth biological process; Water reuse in agriculture.

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Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of suspended growth biological process for treatment and reuse of mixed wastewater for irrigation of edible crops under hydroponic conditions

Agricultural Water Management, 2020

Due to the increasing freshwater deterioration and demand for irrigation, there is pressing need ... more Due to the increasing freshwater deterioration and demand for irrigation, there is pressing need to reclaim and reuse wastewater for agricultural operations. While this practice is gaining significant traction in developed world, it is quite rare in most developing countries with inadequate or no functional sewerage facilities and treatment systems at both municipal and industrial levels occasioned by high investment and operational costs. Consequently, wastewaters generated are in complex heterogenous mix of industrial, domestic, municipal and agricultural runoff wastewater. Biological technologies which utilize the expertise of microorganisms are con- sidered robust, efficient and economically attractive for treatment of wide range of wastewaters and they have high suitability in developing countries. This work therefore assessed the potential of suspended growth bio- logical process (SGBP) for reclamation and reuse of mixed wastewater composed a mixture of domestic effluent, pharmaceutical, textile, petroleum discharges and agricultural runoff for irrigation of edible crops (lettuce and beets) with plants phenological parameters as measuring indicators. The germination and phenological char- acteristics of crops were studied in a hydroponic unit under four irrigation regimes: tap water as control, mixed wastewater, SGBP treated wastewater, and tap water mixed with nutrient solution as upper control, for a duration of 45-d. The results proved that the SGBP treated wastewater had no negative impact on germination responses of the seed crops. However, residual recalcitrant compounds caused early stunted growth in plant root systems with resultant limited access to nutrients. Consequently, plant vegetative growth and phenological development as well as chlorophyll production were reduced. In comparison to nutrients supplemented solution, nutrients deficiency and imbalance in treated wastewater contributed to the poor development in irrigated plants. The outcomes of seed germination and plant growth experiments show a positive indication for reuse of mixed wastewater in agriculture. However, there is need for further research to explore the long-term benefits and limitations of reusing such treated wastewater.

Keywords
Aerobic biological processes; Mixed wastewater treatment; Wastewater reuse; Hydroponic agriculture; Vegetable production; Water scarcity.

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Research paper thumbnail of Coagulation Efficacy of Moringa Oleifera Seed Extract Compared to Alum for Removal of Turbidity and E. coli in Three Different Water Sources.

Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa,... more Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa, resultant adverse effects on human health, andhigh cost of water treatment facilities and chemicals have prompted several studies on the use of natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera. This study was conductedto assess the efficacy of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa Oleifera seeds for treatment of contaminated water. Moringa seeds were shelled, oven-dried and milled, after which the oil content was extracted with a solvent (n-hexane) in an electro thermal soxhlet apparatus and the residue was used as water coagulant. Representative water samples from stream, pond and well were collected and subjected to purification studies using seed extract of Moringa Oleifera and well processed certified Aluminum Sulphate. The efficiencies of the two coagulants were evaluated using a standard jar test. At optimum dosages of 2.5, 4.5 and 6.0 ml of M.O. seeds extract, turbidity removal efficiencies were 90.4%, 95.6% and 96.7% for the well, stream and pond water samples respectively. The respective values for alum at optimum dosages of 2.0, 3.5 and 4.0ml were 100%, 99.9% and 99.9%. M.O. and Alum reduced the E.Coli contents of the stream water to 33 CFU/100ml and 76 CFU/100ml respectively. E.coli removal efficiencies of M.O. and Alum for the pond water were 86% and 44% respectively. For the well water sample, the removal efficiencies recorded for Moringa and Alum were 90% and 52% respectively.The results show that M.O. seed possesses some antimicrobial properties and good coagulating substance that is comparable to commercial alum in turbidity removal. The natural coagulant is biodegradable, environmentally friendly and non-toxic, thus, making it a potentially viable substitute to alum in addressing the challenges facing potable water supplyespecially in rural and peri-urban areas of developing countries.

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Research paper thumbnail of The impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut development and bifurcation

ASABE , 2016

The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Thresho... more The bifurcation of rills is a process that has not been adequately studied or understood. Threshold conditions for rill and headcut bifurcation as well as conditions for sediment deposition in rills and headcuts were studied in rills formed in a sandy loam soil of the Cottenham series in a soil erosion rig. The results from this study were encouraging and elucidate the impact of the deposition of eroded sediments on rill and headcut bifurcation and subsequent rill and headcut development and growth. The results have the potentials of improving rill erosion models if the processes of deposition and bifurcation of rills and headcuts processes are included. Field experimentation of this study is recommended.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Evapotranspiration Models for Waterleaf crop using Data from Lysimeter

ASABE , 2017

Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a veg... more Lysimeters are tanks used to measure the amount of water used in evapotranspiration (ET) on a vegetated surface. Lysimeters are the most reliable method to measure direct evapotranspiration from a vegetated area, as long as they are properly installed, operated and well managed. Three lysimeters were standardized and used for this study. Plastic containers of 350 mm in height and 300 mm diameter were filled with sandy-loam soil. A sensitive weighing balance was used to measure the changes in weight during the experiments. Daily evapotranspiration data were collected. An irrigation frequency of 2 times per week of 8 cm depth was applied to prevent permanent wilting. Climatic data were obtained from the weather stations of Sam Mbakwe airport, Imo state and Anambra Imo-River Basin Development Authority (AIRBDA), Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, for Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evapotranspiration measurement to compare with ET data from the lysimeters. The evapotranspiration results for the lysimeter, Blaney-Morin Nigeria (BMN), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Hargreaves and Piche atmometer evaporation were 5.03, 5.44, 4.95, 4.86 and 4.78 mm/day respectively. Analyses of the data show that the ETc values for BMN, BC, HG, and Piche compared favourably with the ETc from the Lysimeter. ETc for BMN was slightly higher than the value for the Lysimeter, while the ETc for BC, HG and Piche were slightly lower. Based on this study (lysimeter used and crop studied), it can be concluded that this type of lysimeter is a good method for determining the evapotranspiration of waterleaf crop and other similar crops. Therefore, this simple lysimeter can be used to generate ET data where standard climatic data measurements are not available.

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