Adv. Pramod Agrawal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Adv. Pramod Agrawal

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

The main research question is how to systematically define and characterize urban textile waste a... more The main research question is how to systematically define and characterize urban textile waste and how to effectively utilise it to produce reinforcement(s) with selected biobased biodegradable resin(s). Several composite samples have been produced utilising predominantly natural and predominantly synthetic fibres by combining loose fibres with PLA, nonwoven fabric with PLA, woven fabric with PLA, two-layer composite & four-layer composite samples. Physio-chemical characterisations according to the established standards have been conducted. The present work is a step toward the circular economy and closing the loop in textile value chain.

The aim was to establish the influence of the tent fabric properties on the indoor tent climate. ... more The aim was to establish the influence of the tent fabric properties on the indoor tent climate. The first step was to thoroughly characterize a series of representative tent fabrics. The chosen route to quantify the influence of the tent fabric on comfort was first to establish the definition of thermal comfort and the related physical parameters. Comfort is connected to thermal comfort and the occurrence of condensation at the tent surface. Secondly, models for the influence of the fabric properties on those physical parameters were set-up. Finally the results of the fabric characterization were included in the model.

E Journal Onderzoek Voor Een Vitale Regio 2012, Nov 13, 2012

Elektrisch verwarmbare beenwarmers, ze kunnen gemaakt worden, maar het is nog de vraag wat de mee... more Elektrisch verwarmbare beenwarmers, ze kunnen gemaakt worden, maar het is nog de vraag wat de meest efficiente technologie is. In dit onderzoek wordt textiel waarop met inktjettechnologie geleidend materiaal wordt aangebracht vergeleken met geleidend textiel op basis van meer traditionele technieken als weven, brijen en borduren.

The focus of this paper is to make a comparison between five different types of conductive, heata... more The focus of this paper is to make a comparison between five different types of conductive, heatable samples. These samples have been produced according to the five most important implementation techniques developed so far, which are knitting, weaving, embroidery, printing and nonwoven padding-and their purpose is to help decide which conductive option best accommodates a heating application. This study was divided into four major steps: choosing the adequate materials, swatch production, conductivity measurements and heating behaviour assessment. The first three methods use electro conductive wires as heating elements, the fourth uses conductive ink and the fifth uses carbon black coating. For all of them, resistance, current and heat distribution was measured. The results show that the best options for the development of a wearable textile heating system are the printed and the knitted techniques, as their mechanical strength and elasticity, is sufficiently high and the fabric/substrate structure allows the insertion/deposition of different types of heating elements.

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, Nov 27, 2014

Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite, Leishmaniasis don... more Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite, Leishmaniasis donovani and transmitted by the bite of sand fly vector Phlebotomus argentipes. For patients with Indian visceral leishmaniasis, Amphotericin-B deoxycholate is usually given as 15 alternate-day infusion of 0.75mg/kg over 30 days; daily treatment with 0.75mg/kg body weight is also used. An observation of toxicity of intravenous Amphotericin-B in diagnosed cases of Kala-azar on daily versus alternate day regimen on a dose of 0.75mg/kg body weight was compared. Results revealed that daily regimen of Amphotericin-B in a dose of 0.75 mg/kg body weight can be given safely to patients and this regimen can not only reduce the financial burden on the patients but can also reduce hospital stay.

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2014

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the causative agent for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome... more Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the causative agent for Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is a fatal illness which burns down the body's immune system making the victim vulnerable to multiple life threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders or unusual malignancies. A variety of endocrinologic, metabolic and nutritional disturbances are common during the course of HIV infection. Most HIV infected patients develop multiple metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, lipodystrophy and dyslipidaemia. An observation on the nature of dyslipidaemia in HIV positive patients with reference to correlation if any that exists between CD4+ levels and lipid profile in these patients was performed. Results revealed that the total cholesterol, HDL and LDL decreased while triglycerides and VLDL were found to increase as CD4+ levels depleted. It can be concluded that changes in lipid profile can

Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2018

Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) are being used in various applications due to their ligh... more Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) are being used in various applications due to their light weight and good mechanical properties. However, the machinability of CFRPs is not good owing to machining induced damage. Moreover, the machining of micro features in CFRP products is a challenging task. The present research endeavour is an attempt to experimentally investigate a novel micro-size through hole electric discharge drilling (EDD) process for CFRPs. Through holes of diameter 110 m were drilled using tungsten carbide electrodes (fabricated with wire electric discharge grinding). Experiments have been conducted by selecting input variables as voltage, capacitance and tool speed. A comparison of aspect ratio has been performed among the previous experimental studies and the current investigation. An aspect ratio of 10.9 (highest till date) has been achieved during drilling a micro hole of 110 m diameter and 1.2 mm depth. Analysis of variance has been performed using Taguchi design of experiments and optimized set of parameters has been reported for maximum material removal rate and minimum tool were rate. The article also discuss the problems faced and their solutions, during drilling of micro through holes in carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites.

2005 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2005

Abstract Current and voltage harmonics have at-tracted growing interest with the increase in use ... more Abstract Current and voltage harmonics have at-tracted growing interest with the increase in use of static power converters. These converters produce distorted cur-rent and voltage waveforms. The result is harmonic pollu-tion that degrades the power quality. To provide ...

2008 Annual IEEE India Conference, 2008

Conventional 2-level PWM inverters generate high dv/dt and high frequency common mode voltages wh... more Conventional 2-level PWM inverters generate high dv/dt and high frequency common mode voltages which is very harmful in electric drives applications. It may damage motor bearings, conducted electromagnetic interferences, and malfunctioning of electronic equipments. Due to capacitor voltage unbalancing, neutral point potential also varies from zero. This paper presents a simple method to control the harmonics, common mode voltages and neutral point potential variation in neutral point clamped (NPC) inverters using different structures of sine-triangle comparison method such as Phase Disposition (PD), Phase Opposition Disposition (POD), and Common Mode Voltage offset voltage addition method. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of these simple methods to control common mode voltages. Neutral point potential variation is limited to less than 2% of dc capacitor voltage using a simple closed loop PI regulator. Experimental results presented have been obtained using dSPACE board DS 1104.

Journal of Process Control, 1992

This paper describes both SISO and MIMO adaptive versions of non-linear generic model control (GM... more This paper describes both SISO and MIMO adaptive versions of non-linear generic model control (GMC) applied to a baker's yeast fermentation. A mechanistic non-linear model is used whose structure can represent a wide range of different fermentation systems and operating conditions. This a priori representation of process knowledge is then combined with a simple and effective adaptation scheme to yield optimal flexibility of the model. Only a few parameters which appear linearly in the model need to be estimated online, resulting in very fast and potentially offset-free tracking of the process by the model-based controller. Simulations demonstrate that an adaptive MIMO version of GMC is superior to the corresponding nonadaptive version when faced with modelling errors. Experiments with a bench-scale yeast fermentation system demonstrate for the SISO case the applicability of adaptive non-linear control methods to an actual process and compare adaptive GMC performance with that of a conventional PI controller.

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2007

Repeated-butch fermentations of glucose to ethanol by Z. mobilis (A TCC 10988) were examined in t... more Repeated-butch fermentations of glucose to ethanol by Z. mobilis (A TCC 10988) were examined in two semi-dejined nutrient media. The measurement of acid produced by the microorganism was used to study its transient .fermentation characteristics. An examination of the inhibitory eject qJ' ethanol in repeatzd-batch fermentations supports an earlier finding on the presence of a 'slow-acting inhibitory mechanism' at high ethanol concentration in Z. mobilis (A T C C 10988) cultures. The experimental results also suggest that both microbially produced and exogeneously added ethanol have similar inhibitory effects on the fermentation behavior o j this bacterium.

IETE Journal of Research, 2008

Use of conventional two-level pulse width modulation (PWM) inverters provide less distorted curre... more Use of conventional two-level pulse width modulation (PWM) inverters provide less distorted current and voltage but at the cost of higher switching losses due to high switching frequencies. Multilevel inverters are emerging as a viable alternative for high power, medium voltage applications. This paper compares total harmonic distortion and switching losses in conventional two-level inverters with multilevel inverters (three-level and five-level) at different switching frequencies. An optimized switching frequency has been obtained for a lower level of total harmonic distortion and switching losses. Diode-clamped, three-phase topology is considered for study. A sinusoidal PWM technique is used to control the switches of the inverter. Simulation study confirms the reduction in harmonic distortion and switching losses as the number of the levels increases.

Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2008

The two principal reasons that can hinder industrial success of bioscouring are the inability to ... more The two principal reasons that can hinder industrial success of bioscouring are the inability to remove cotton waxes at low-temperature and that bioscouring is a slow diffusion controlled process. The main objective of this paper is to develop an improved cotton scouring process by applying mechanical action and enzyme treatment to efficiently remove the cuticle and primary wall compounds from the cotton fibre. The role of the mechanical action for improving the bioscouring process is discussed. To study the effect, a known amount of mechanical energy was applied using the 'wedge apparatus' before and after the enzyme treatment. The effect of mechanical action was evaluated for a faster scouring process with cutinase, pectinase and optimum incubation conditions such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, enzyme concentration, and incubation time were determined. It is demonstrated that cutinase from fungus Fusarium solani pisi is effective in the degradation of cotton waxes at low-temperature in less than 30 min after applying mechanical action. Wax removal with cutinase reduces pectinase incubation time and increases hydrolytic rate of pectinase. By the introduction of mechanical energy a fast one-step low-temperature enzymatic cotton scouring process is developed at lab scale.

Biotechnology Letters, 1986

The effect of CO_ removal by continuous sparging of N^ in batch z cultures of Zymomonas mobilis (... more The effect of CO_ removal by continuous sparging of N^ in batch z cultures of Zymomonas mobilis (ATCCI0988) was examined. ~ sparging considerably reduces lag times in batch cultures, possiblyZSecause of continuous removal of CO_ from the culture media. Ventilation of CO 2 from culture media resul~s in an increase of about 15~ in the average specific growth rate and about 12~ in the cell-mass yield with no noticeable trend in the average specific glucose uptake and ethanol production rates. The overall ethanol yield on glucose, however~ decreases slightly by 5~. Analysis of ventilated experiments show that the CO production is directly coupled with the ethanol formation but no~ necessarily with the cell-mass production, indicating a decoupling of growth from ethanol production. Further, comparison of ventilated and non-ventilated experiments rules out the possibility of CO 2 accumulation in the culture media as a factor responsible for increaslng growth inhibition and decoupling of growth from ethanol fermentation at increasing initial glucose concentrations in batch cultures.